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依据第28届奥运会体操比赛实况录像及2005年国际男子体操新评分规则变化的相关信息，采用调研访问法、录像统计法和文献资料法，分析世界男子鞍马成套加分动作结构编排的特征及发展趋向。采用纵向移位动作为主体，以多个高难动作的直接连接构成加分主干，并结合D组难度的下法，是鞍马成套动作结构编排的主要特征；而使用“D＋E”难度以上的多个动作“直接”和发展新“Flops规则”内容的单环高难度动作，将是未来大赛鞍马成套加分动作竞争的新内容。 相似文献
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2008年体操世界杯总决赛鞍马冠军最高难度成套动作的设计与训练 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
根据新的体操评分规则,要把难度价值分提高到6.6分以上,最直接、最有效的突破点就是在比赛中强化交叉起倒立类动作.以优秀体操鞍马运动员张宏涛为研究对象,对其所采用的交叉起倒立类动作技术难度训练方法进行研究,探讨运动员如何在鞍马成套动作的完成中达到高的难度组别,以提高我国体操运动员的鞍马竞争实力. 相似文献
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Toshiyuki Fujihara Pierre Gervais 《Sports biomechanics / International Society of Biomechanics in Sports》2013,12(1):34-47
The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of a suspended aid on the reaction forces during a basic skill on pommel horse. Twenty gymnasts performed three sets of 10 circles with and without a suspended aid on a pommel horse under which two force plates were set. The results confirmed that the suspended aid could reduce the magnitude of the pommel reaction forces during circles while maintaining the general loading pattern. On the left hand, the average and peak forces were attenuated to 0.59 body weight (BW) and 0.85 BW from 0.76 BW and 1.13 BW, respectively. The right hand experienced slightly larger forces with no-aid trials, but the asymmetry between the hands decreased with the aid. Despite a relatively large variability, all gymnasts experienced smaller impact peak forces with the aid. A suspended aid is most commonly used for a beginner gymnast as an introduction to pommel horse exercises. However, this study confirmed that it can also be useful for all levels of gymnasts who would like to practice pommel horse exercises with reduced pommel reaction forces for a purpose such as a progression for learning a new skill, control of training volume, or rehabilitation. 相似文献
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王长青 《沈阳体育学院学报》2007,26(6):113-115
对2006年全国体操锦标赛中鞍马项目成套动作及完成情况进行分析。结果表明,我国运动员具有夺取世界冠军的实力,但整体完成情况欠佳;高难动作类型偏,有失分点动作;应提高成套动作的起评分,注重技术的全面发展,加强专项素质训练。 相似文献
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通过对全国少年体操比赛中鞍马项目规定动作完成情况的统计、分析和研究,指出运动员在完成动作中存在的问题和不足,对规定动作的再制定提出意见建议,为新一轮《全国少年儿童体操比赛规定动作》的出台提供参考。 相似文献
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Toshiyuki Fujihara Takafumi Fuchimoto Pierre Gervais 《Sports biomechanics / International Society of Biomechanics in Sports》2013,12(1):22-38
The aim of this study was to analyse the principal mechanics of circles. Seventeen university male gymnasts performed circles on an instrumented pommel horse model that enabled the pommel reaction forces to be recorded at 1000 Hz with two force plates. The circles were also videotaped using two digital video cameras operating at 60 frames per second. During circles, the vertical component of the reaction forces peaked in the double-hand support phases. Changes in the velocity of the centre of mass corresponded to the change in the tangential components of horizontal reaction forces. The velocity of the centre of mass had its peaks in the single-hand support phases and its local minimums in the double-hand support phases. The velocity of the ankles and that of the centre of mass of the head and trunk were minimal in the single-hand support phases and were maximal in the double-hand support phases. These results suggest that the circles were composed of vertical movements and two kinds of rotations: rotation of the centre of mass and rotation of the body itself about the centre of mass. These two kinds of rotations, which influence the legs' rotational velocity, are phase dependent. To further our understanding of circles, research on circles in different orientations on the pommel horse will be beneficial. 相似文献
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Abstract In this study, we investigated whether video modelling can enhance gymnasts' performance of the circle on a pommel horse. The procedure associated expert-modelling with self-modelling and quantitative performance analysis. Sixteen gymnasts were randomly assigned to one of two groups: (1) a modelling group, which received expert- and self-modelling, and performance feedback, or (2) a control group, which received no feedback. After five sessions of training, an analysis of variance with repeated measures indicated that the gains in the back, entry, front, and exit phases of the circle were greater for the modelling group than for the control group. During the training sessions, the gymnasts in the modelling group improved their body segmental alignment during the back phase more quickly than during the other phases. As predicted, although both groups performed the same number of circles (300 in 5 days, with 10 sequences of 6 circles), the modelling group improved their body segmental alignment more than the control group. It thus appears that immediate video modelling can help to correct complex sports movements such as the circle performed on the pommel horse. However, its effectiveness seemed to be dependent on the complexity of the phase. 相似文献
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采用文献资料和录像观察法,分析第41届和42届世界体操锦标赛鞍马单项决赛参赛运动员完成的成套动作,得出伦敦奥运周期鞍马动作的发展趋势,以期为我国男子体操队备战过程中鞍马训练提供依据。研究表明：世界优秀鞍马选手对动作类型的选择表现出更加集中的趋势;第Ⅰ组别动作逐渐向李宁和反交叉转体90°经单环起倒立落下成骑撑集中;马桥尔打滚成为第Ⅱ组别动作的首选难度动作;第Ⅲ组别集中在马桥尔前移和斯维多后移高度两个动作;第Ⅳ组别动作的使用将以E组或D组Flops、吴国年、（环中或马头）俄式挺身转体,以及E组或D组Flop组合为主;第Ⅴ组别动作将以D组或E组难度的斯托克里起倒立下为首选。 相似文献
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Abstract This is the second study of the series, and its aim was to investigate the influence of using the suspended aid on circle kinetics. In addition to the kinematic data recorded for part one (Fujihara & Gervais, 2012), the pommel reaction forces and the force applied from the suspended aid (aid reaction force) were analysed in relation to the motion of a whole-body mass centre. The hip joint moment was also computed by combining all segments in the lower extremities into a single rigid segment. Generally, the use of the aid changed the magnitude of the mass-centre trajectory or horizontal pommel reaction forces but not their patterns. The results also showed that the net hip joint moment was altered during circles with the aid. In summary, a suspended aid can be used as a progression for a variety of goals because it allows gymnasts to practise circles which would not be possible without the aid. When a suspended aid is used, however, practitioners should be aware of the possible kinetic alteration caused by the external force from the aid. 相似文献