Genetic and environmental influences on rapid naming and reading ability: A twin study     

Chayna J. Davis  Valerie S. Knopik  Richard K. Olson  Sally J. Wadsworth  John C. DeFries 《Annals of dyslexia》2001,51(1):231-247

The present study assesses the genetic and environmental etiologies of reading, rapid naming (RN), and their covariation by fitting multivariate structural equation models to data from 587 twin pairs in which at least one member of the pair exhibited reading difficulties (low-range) and from 360 control (normal-range) twin pairs who were tested in the Colorado Learning Disabilities Research Center. Results from a bivariate phenotypic analysis with two hypothesized latent factors, READ and RN, indicated that the correlation between reading and rapid naming performance for the low-range sample was significantly higher than that of the normal-range sample. When this model was partitioned to include estimates of genetic, shared environmental, and nonshared environmental influences, resulting heritability estimates did not differ significantly for the low-range and normal-range samples for either READ or RN. However, similar to the phenotypic correlation, the genetic correlation between the READ and RN latent factors could not be equated for the two groups. Thus, the etiology of the relationship between reading performance and rapid naming may differ for children with reading difficulties and normally-achieving readers. Moreover, these results support previous findings that the best predictors of reading skills may differ for samples of children with normal reading levels and those with reading difficulties.  相似文献   

A Feedback Procedure for Teacher Trainees Working with Parent Tutors of Reading     

Wilson Henderson  Ted Glynn 《教育心理学》1986,6(2):159-177

Abstract In this pilot study, four third‐year teacher trainees were trained to give feedback to parents who were tutoring their own children in reading using the Pause Prompt and Praise procedures. The trainees learnt to teach the procedures to the parents and then to give feedback by prompting parents to remember and explain their own tutoring behaviours. Baseline measures showed that when trainees were asked to help parents in any way they could to implement the procedures, they used very intrusive forms of prompts. Following training trainees used much less intrusive forms of prompts, giving parents more opportunity to remember and explain their own tutoring behaviours. It was argued that less intrusive forms of prompting when giving feedback may have been of more assistance to parents in learning the procedures than more intrusive forms of prompting, since parents may have learned to become more independent of trainee support. This, in turn, may have contributed to the substantial gains in children's reading levels which occurred.  相似文献   

Ocular dominance,reading and spelling: a reassessment of a measure associated with specific reading difficulties     

S. P. Newman  H. Karle  J. F. Wadsworth  R. Archer  R. Hockly  P. Rogers 《Journal of Research in Reading》1985,8(2):127-138

The association of reading disability with perceptuomotor problems has had a chequered history. This study examines the relationship between a new test of ocular dominance and reading and spelling ability in a group of 323 schoolchildren. Similar rates for unfixed ocular dominance were found for poor readers as in comparable studies. The rates of unstable ocular dominance did not differ between those with reading and spelling difficulties and controls. These findings in a ‘blind’ study question the role of this test of eye dominance as a diagnosis of ‘dyslexia’.  相似文献   

Prevalence,School Progress and Referral of Mildly Retarded Children in Regular Classes     

Tony Cooper  Keri Wilton  Ted Glynn 《International Journal of Disability, Development & Education》1985,32(1):5-11

This study sought to determine the prevalence of mildly retarded children in a sample of 312 primary school classes (N (pupils) = 8,967). Schools were chosen at random from each of the eight Psychological Service districts of metropolitan Auckland; all Grade 2‐5 classes in the sample schools were included in the investigation. Eighty percent of the teachers surveyed believed they had one or more mildly retarded children in their classes, yielding an overall prevalence rate of 8.04 percent (N = 721). Approximately one‐third of the children designated as mildly retarded were considered by their teachers to be not coping academically as well as socially, but of these 75 percent had not been referred for special educational consideration. Comparisons among the eight districts revealed that prevalence/referral rates and characteristics of identified/referred children did not differ significantly across districts. Results are discussed in terms of their policy implications for the identification and referral of mildly retarded children in need of special educational services.  相似文献   

Book Reviews     

Ted Goodhew  Professor R. F. Dearden    John Alcock  Caroline Lodge 《Pastoral Care in Education》2013,31(3):231-240

Ted Goodhew, T.R.I.S.T. Advisory Teacher, Berkshire County Council, ‘New Directions in Pastoral Care’, Edited by Peter Lang & Michael Marland, 1985 Blackwell —

Professor R. F. Dearden, University of Birmingham, Profiles and Records of Achievement, Patricia Broadfoot (ed) 1986 Holt, Rinehart and Winston £6.50 paperback

Pat Salder, Education for Capability, Ed Tyrrell Burgess N. F. E. K./Nelson 1986 £10.95

John Alcock, University of Warwick, Solo Monologues for Drama,John Goodwin and Bill Taylor 1985 Edward Arnold Ltd £2.15

Caroline Lodge, White Hart Lane School, London, Sharing,Beryl Heather FPA Education Unit 1984 52pp £3.50  相似文献   

Acquisition and Management of Digital Content at the Library of Congress     

Ted Westervelt 《期刊图书馆员》2015,68(1-4):269-273

The Library of Congress has been actively building digital content within its collection for some years now. This article addresses this digital collection building, covering both the technical means and the practical results. It discusses the underlying philosophies that are guiding the Library of Congress and identifies the areas in which the Library wishes to expand its operations along with the key questions it faces currently in meeting this goal. Finally, it seeks to share the lessons it has learned in the process.  相似文献   

Genetic and Environmental Etiologies of the Longitudinal Relations Between Prereading Skills and Reading          下载免费PDF全文

Micaela E. Christopher  Jacqueline Hulslander  Brian Byrne  Stefan Samuelsson  Janice M. Keenan  Bruce Pennington  John C. DeFries  Sally J. Wadsworth  Erik Willcutt  Richard K. Olson 《Child development》2015,86(2):342-361

The present study explored the environmental and genetic etiologies of the longitudinal relations between prereading skills and reading and spelling. Twin pairs (n = 489) were assessed before kindergarten (M = 4.9 years), post‐first grade (M = 7.4 years), and post‐fourth grade (M = 10.4 years). Genetic influences on five prereading skills (print knowledge, rapid naming, phonological awareness, vocabulary, and verbal memory) were primarily responsible for relations with word reading and spelling. However, relations with post‐fourth‐grade reading comprehension were due to both genetic and shared environmental influences. Genetic and shared environmental influences that were common among the prereading variables covaried with reading and spelling, as did genetic influences unique to verbal memory (only post‐fourth‐grade comprehension), print knowledge, and rapid naming.  相似文献   

结识新朋友     

博闻 《中学生英语》2010,(3):1-1

结识新朋友 不忘老朋友 一个是银 一个是金  相似文献   

An industrial communications training program     

Ted J. McLaughlin 《Communication Studies》2013,64(2):43-53

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On the theory of lubrication and the determination of the thickness of the film of oil in journal bearings     

F.L.O. Wadsworth 《Journal of The Franklin Institute》1897,144(6):442-462

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