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WANG Jingxiu 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2011,25(3):199-201
In this article,we report a few advances in the studies based on the solar vector magnetic field observations which were carried out mainly with the Solar Magnetic Field Telescope at the Huairou Solar Observing Station in the 1990s.(1) We developed necessary methodology and concepts in vector magnetogram analysis(Wang et al.1996).For the first time,we proposed to use the photospheric free magnetic energy to quantify the major flare productivity of solar active regions(ARs),and it had been proved to be the best parameter in representing the major flare activity.(2) We revealed that there was always a dominant sense of magnetic shear in a given AR(Wang 1994),which was taken as the premise of the helicity calculation in ARs;we made the first quantitative estimation of magnetic helicity evolution in ARs(Wang 1996).(3) We identified the first group of evidence of magnetic reconnection in the lower solar atmosphere with vector magnetic field observations and proposed a two-step reconnection flare model to interpret the observed association of flux cancellation and flares(Wang and Shi 1993).Efforts to quantify the major flare productivity of super active regions with vector magnetic field observations have been also taken. 相似文献
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ZHANG Mei 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2011,25(3):208-211
Coronal mass ejections（CMEs） are a major form of solar activities.A CME takes away 1015-16 g of plasma from solar low corona,to disturb the near-Earth space if the CME direction is favorable.Here we summarize our understandings and reasoning that lead us to conclude that CMEs are the unavoidable products of magnetic helicity accumulation in the corona.Our study puts the formation of magnetic flux ropes and CME eruptions as natural and unavoidable results of coronal evolution. 相似文献
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Christopher S. Gregg Jo Dale Ales Steven M. Pomarico E. William Wischusen Joseph F. Siebenaller 《CBE life sciences education》2013,12(3):383-393
We offered four annual professional development workshops called STAR (for Scientific Teaching, Assessment, and Resources) modeled after the National Academies Summer Institute (SI) on Undergraduate Education in Biology. In contrast to the SI focus on training faculty from research universities, STAR''s target was faculty from community colleges, 2-yr campuses, and public and private research universities. Because of the importance of community colleges and 2-yr institutions as entries to higher education, we wanted to determine whether the SI model can be successfully extended to this broader range of institutions. We surveyed the four cohorts; 47 STAR alumni responded to the online survey. The responses were separated into two groups based on the Carnegie undergraduate instructional program categories, faculty from seven associate''s and associate''s-dominant institutions (23) and faculty from nine institutions with primarily 4-yr degree programs (24). Both groups expressed the opinion that STAR had a positive impact on teaching, student learning, and engagement. The two groups reported using techniques of formative assessment and active learning with similar frequency. The mix of faculty from diverse institutions was viewed as enhancing the workshop experience. The present analysis indicates that the SI model for training faculty in scientific teaching can successfully be extended to a broad range of higher education institutions. 相似文献
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Claudie Solar 《Educational Studies in Mathematics》1995,28(3):311-333
In this article, the author discusses characteristics in feminist pedagogy literature and situates them with respect to four dialectical aspects. These characteristics are then combined with non-discriminatory classroom practices to develop a frame of reference for an inclusive pedagogy in mathematics education. 相似文献
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YAN Yihua & TAN Baolin Key Laboratory of Solar Activity National Astronomical Observatories CAS Beijing 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2011,(3):202-207
1.Introduction Solar radio astronomy is an important branch of solar physics,which deals with the radio emission from the solar atmosphere.In solar physics,one of the greatest challenges is to understand the energy storing in the hot atmospheric plasma above sunspots and its sudden releasing in eruptive processes,such as solar flares,eruptive filaments,and 相似文献
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The paper highlights the importance of the holistic treatment of e-government. The main challenges and benefits of renovating both upstream and downstream e-government supply chains are reviewed. A new definition of e-government that includes the whole supply chain of the public administration is proposed. Several limitations of current approaches and rankings, that often neglect upstream SC and their detrimental consequences, are highlighted. The case study of the somewhat unsuccessful informatization of Slovenian public procurement illustrates the main problems posed by ignorance of supply chain management principles. It shows that the main challenges are not on the technological side but are instead connected with business process renovation, project management, unclear goals and responsibilities and difficult coordination among various ministerial and governmental bodies. 相似文献
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ZHANG Jun & YANG Shuhong Key Laboratory of Solar Activity National Astronomical Observatories CAS Beijing 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2011,(3):212-214
It has been known that there are different kinds of small-scale active phenomena on the Sun.They are classified into spicules,macrospicules,and H-alpha jets,X-ray jets,etc.,according to their sizes,velocities, lifetimes,and so on.All these phenomena are related to small-scale magnetic fields.The problems of solar upper 相似文献
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Two experiments using garden snails (Helix aspersa) showed conditioned inhibition using both retardation and summation tests. Conditioned inhibition is a procedure by which
a stimulus becomes a predictor of the absence of a relevant event—the unconditioned stimulus (US). Typically, conditioned
inhibition consists of pairings between an initially neutral conditioned stimulus, CS2, and an effective excitatory conditioned stimulus, CS1, in the absence of the US. Retardation and summation tests are required in order to confirm that CS2 has acquired inhibitory properties. Conditioned inhibition has previously been found in invertebrates; however, these demonstrations
did not use the retardation and summation tests required for an unambiguous demonstration of inhibition, allowing for alternative
explanations. The implications of our results for the fields of comparative cognition and invertebrate physiological models
of learning are discussed. 相似文献