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成年人身体活动变化的理论建构、问卷发展及系列实证研究——一项中德合作科研课题 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
从以下几方面详细介绍一项为期3年(2009-2011)的中德合作科研课题——"健康行为和健康资源的身体活动:阶段、决定因素和效益"。(1)阐述"从无活动到保持活动的4步骤(FIT)模型"的理论建构。(2)以FIT模型为基础,检验中文版和德文版"成年人身体活动调查问卷"的信效度水平。(3)以中德成年人为研究被试,考查FIT模型的效度。研究结果表明:FIT模型能够较准确地描述中德两国成年人身体活动变化过程的阶段性特征及其影响因素,该模型的阶段算法效度、诊断功能及服务干预的功能均得到初步验证,为未来进行基于FIT模型的阶段匹配干预研究提供了理论依据和实证支持。 相似文献
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Thorben Huelmann Rudolf Debelak Carolin Strobl 《Journal of Educational Measurement》2020,57(2):185-215
This study addresses the topic of how anchoring methods for differential item functioning (DIF) analysis can be used in multigroup scenarios. The direct approach would be to combine anchoring methods developed for two-group scenarios with multigroup DIF-detection methods. Alternatively, multiple tests could be carried out. The results of these tests need to be aggregated to determine the anchor for the final DIF analysis. In this study, the direct approach and three aggregation rules are investigated. All approaches are combined with a variety of anchoring methods, such as the “all-other purified” and “mean p-value threshold” methods, in two simulation studies based on the Rasch model. Our results indicate that the direct approach generally does not lead to more accurate or even to inferior results than the aggregation rules. The min rule overall shows the best trade-off between low false alarm rate and medium to high hit rate. However, it might be too sensitive when the number of groups is large. In this case, the all rule may be a good compromise. We also take a closer look at the anchor selection method “next candidate,” which performed rather poorly, and suggest possible improvements. 相似文献
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介绍了一个近期由中国和德国锻炼心理学家们共同构建的、针对成年人身体活动变化过程的理论——“从无活动到保持活动的四步骤模型”(Four Steps from Inactivity to Activity;FIT模型),并初步检验了基于FIT模型编制的测量工具——《成年人身体活动调查问卷》.研究认为,FIT模型系统地描述了中德两国成年人身体活动变化过程的阶段特点,以及与行为阶段转化密切相关的健康体质因素和社会心理环境的影响因素.所用调查问卷在两国成年人样本中均具有良好的心理测量学信、效度水平.今后可以在此基础上进一步开展系列实证性研究,以推动FIT模型在中德两国的发展. 相似文献
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The Oberstufen-Kolleg is a unique institution at the college level in Germany. Founded in the course of the German `Bildungsreform' during the 1960s, it develops and tries out interdisciplinary courses that aim at the understanding of science by integrating its history and philosophy with the development of society and technology. This paper describes the development of the `historical-genetical approach', its leading ideas, experiences of students and teachers with this approach and perspectives concerning a broader implementation. It also gives some examples how to combine learning of science with learning about science. 相似文献
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Philipp Strobl 《国际体育史杂志》2016,33(16):2006-2025
Skiing underwent substantial changes during the post-war years when the sport turned into a multi-billion dollar industry and a leisure activity for the masses. Despite its global nature and popularity, skiing in academic writing has not gained much recognition. This paper explores the role of knowledge transfer during the pioneering phase of post-war skiing in Australia. It describes the life of Charles William Anton, an Austrian refugee from the Anschluss who migrated to Sydney and subsequently became one of the founding fathers of Australian post-war skiing. The following pages show the multi-layered nature of skiing as a global sport by exemplifying how ideas spread from pre-war Europe to post-war Australia. The paper will also provide a case study about refugee knowledge transfer and the ‘productive process of absorption, adoption or rejection of knowledge’ that takes place once an idea has been introduced into a new environment. 相似文献
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The role of educational choice in occupational gender segregation: Evidence from Trinidad and Tobago
We analyse the role of educational choice on the degree of occupational segregation in Trinidad and Tobago during a period in which educational policies intent on equating gender opportunities in education were implemented. To this end we utilize waves of the Trinidad and Tobago labour force survey over the period 1991–2004. Our results show that while educational segregation has fallen substantially over our sample period, this has not translated into less occupational segregation. This suggests that the educational policy has not been sufficient to combat occupational segregation. However, results at a more disaggregated level show that experiences have been heterogeneous across educational and occupational groups. 相似文献
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In this paper we investigate the dynamics of chartsuccess in the U.K. pre-recorded popular music industryover the period 1980 to 1993 using the British albumchart listings. We find that the incidence of chartsuccess is substantially skewed to the right, whethermeasured by total weeks spent per artist, averageweeks spent per album, or the total number of albumslisted per artist. We subsequently investigatepossible determinants of the length of chart survivalof albums in order to determine what may be drivingthe observed skewness. Our results indicate that thetype of album, seasonal demand, and initial popularityplay an important role in ensuring continued chartlisting of an album. 相似文献
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HELMUT PEUKERTRUTH 《Journal of Philosophy of Education》1993,27(2):159-169
ABSTRACT Education is in itself a project of Enlightenment. The critical theory of the Frankfurt School, whose origin and development bear the imprint of self-destructive social-cultural processes of modernity and of the Holocaust, can count as an attempt to continue the process of Enlightenment through radical self-criticism. The paper presents the approach of the first generation of critical theory and then Jurgen Habermas' critique of this approach and his reconstruction of critical theory in his theory of communicative action. Special emphasis is laid on the discussion of the ethical implications of human communication. From this background the paper enquires what significance these reflections could have for a revised concept of education. 相似文献
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