Developing CM3: Maintainers' Education and Training at ABB     

Mira Kajko-Mattsson  Stefan Forssander  Gunnar Andersson  Ulf Olsson 《Computer Science Education》2013,23(1-2):57-89

A highly skilled maintainer is the most important organisational asset pivotal for achieving quality software, strategic for improving maintenance and development processes, essential for remaining competitive and critical for business survival. This requires that universities properly prepare students to enter the maintenance workforce and that maintenance organisations actively build and maintain their human knowledge and skill base. In this paper, we present Corrective Maintenance Maturity Model (CM 3): Maintainers' Education and Training – a maturity model for educating and training maintenance engineers within corrective maintenance. This model is presently being developed at ABB by the Software Maintenance Laboratory (SML). Our goal is to provide guidance to ABB and industrial organisations worldwide in the process of building or improving their most important asset – people. Each process element presented in this paper is matched against its corresponding process element at ABB. Hence, this paper may also be regarded as a report on the state of the current practice of educating and training maintainers at ABB.  相似文献   

Academic versus Sporting Knowledge. Robert L. Simon and the Debate about Sports on Campus     

Gunnar Breivik 《体育哲学杂志》2016,43(1):61-74

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Collective time – collective practice?∗ †     

Gunnar Handal 《Curriculum Journal》2013,24(3):317-333

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VI. SENSITIVE PERIODS     

Charles H. Zeanah  Megan R. Gunnar  Robert B. McCall  Jana M. Kreppner  Nathan A. Fox 《Monographs of the Society for Research in Child Development》2011,76(4):147-162

This chapter reviews sensitive periods in human brain development based on the literature on children raised in institutions. Sensitive experiences occur when experiences are uniquely influential for the development of neural circuitry. Because in humans, we make inferences about sensitive periods from evaluations of complex behaviors, we underestimate the occurrence of sensitive periods at the level of neural circuitry. Although we are most interested in complex behaviors, such as IQ or attachment or externalizing problems, many different sensitive periods at the level of circuits probably underlie these complex behaviors. Results from a number of studies suggest that across most, but not all, domains of development, institutional rearing limited to the first 4–6 months of life is associated with no significant increase risk for long‐term adverse effects relative to noninstitutionalized children. Beyond that, evidence for sensitive periods is less compelling, meaning that “the earlier the better” rule for enhanced caregiving is a reasonable conclusion at the current state of the science.  相似文献   

V. THE NEUROBIOLOGICAL TOLL OF EARLY HUMAN DEPRIVATION     

Charles A. Nelson III  Karen Bos  Megan R. Gunnar  Edmund J. S. Sonuga‐Barke 《Monographs of the Society for Research in Child Development》2011,76(4):127-146

Children raised in institutions frequently suffer from a variety of behavioral, emotional, and neuropsychological sequelae, including deficits in attention, executive functions, disorders of attachment, and in some cases a syndrome that mimics autism. The extent and severity of these disorders appear to be mediated, in part, by the age at which the child entered and, in some cases, left the institution. Here we review the neurobiological literature on early institutionalization that may account for the psychological and neurological sequelae discussed in other chapters in this volume.  相似文献   

Measuring scientific contributions with modified fractional counting     

Gunnar Sivertsen  Ronald Rousseau  Lin Zhang 《Journal of Informetrics》2019,13(2):679-694

We develop and propose a new counting method at the aggregate level for contributions to scientific publications called modified fractional counting (MFC). We show that, compared to traditional complete-normalized fractional counting, it eliminates the extreme differences in contributions over time that otherwise occur between scientists that mainly publish alone or in small groups and those that publish with large groups of co-authors. As an extra benefit we find that scientists in different areas of research turn out to have comparable average contributions to scientific articles. We test the method on scientists at Norway’s largest universities and find that, at an aggregate level, it indeed supports comparability across different co-authorship practices as well as between areas of research. MFC is thereby useful whenever the research output from institutions with different research profiles are compared, as e.g., in the Leiden Ranking. Finally, as MFC is actually a family of indicators, depending on a sensitivity parameter, it can be adapted to the circumstances.  相似文献   

What About the Hyperlocals?     

Sara Leckner  Carina Tenor  Gunnar Nygren 《Journalism Practice》2019,13(1):68-89

Using a survey of a sample of hyperlocal actors in Sweden (N?=?178), this article examines preconditions, motivations and sustainability for hyperlocal media operations, outside the traditional media chains, in order to provide a picture of their function in the current media landscape, and to further build on the understanding of the hyperlocal business model. This study extends the hyperlocal definition by including media platforms other than websites. The results show that the operations indeed aim to support and foster citizenship, strengthen democracy and mirror the local community. At the same time, as shown by other studies, the fact that they are not large-scale, highly profitable operations may challenge their sustainability. Nonetheless, most of them claim to be profitable, largely because of the print platform, and have a positive outlook on the future. Revenues from advertising and readership are currently less substantial for Web-based operations, which reinforces the need to broaden the definition of hyperlocal publishing platforms when talking about financial sustainability. Currently, hyperlocal media in Sweden, with small resources and a lower publishing frequency, cannot be viewed as a replacement of established media, but play important roles as complementary alternative voices and contribute to media plurality in the local community.  相似文献   

Sportwissenschaft interdisziplinär     

Dr. Gunnar Drexel 《Sportwissenschaft》2012,42(4):288-291

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Psychobiological studies of stress and coping: an introduction     

M R Gunnar 《Child development》1987,58(6):1403-1407

Developmental psychobiology is the study of how the interplay between behavioral and physiological processes supports and directs development. This symposium section is devoted to work in this interdisciplinary domain focused on examining stress and how young organisms cope with and are affected by stressful experiences. In this introduction to the symposium section, the problems of interpreting and integrating information on stress reactivity derived from a combination of behavioral and physiological measures are discussed.  相似文献   

Metricon 2.0关注安全度量     

Gunnar Peterson　John Steven 《中国教育网络》2008,(2):26-27

2007年IEEE在波士顿召开了Metricon2.0工作会议,同时进行的还有第十六届Usenix安全研讨会.与会人员被问到的首要问题是:"度量事关重大吗?"你可以想象,与会者对这一问题的直觉问答会是"yes",但是经过会议当天的一番激辩,支持这一回答的人数在数量上只是稍占上风.  相似文献