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Krister Lindén 《Information Retrieval》2006,9(3):295-310
Technical term translations are important for cross-lingual information retrieval. In many languages, new technical terms
have a common origin rendered with different spelling of the underlying sounds, also known as cross-lingual spelling variants
(CLSV).
To find the best CLSV in a text database index, we contribute a formulation of the problem in a probabilistic framework, and
implement this with an instance of the general edit distance using weighted finite-state transducers. Some training data is
required when estimating the costs for the general edit distance. We demonstrate that after some basic training our new multilingual
model is robust and requires little or no adaptation for covering additional languages, as the model takes advantage of language
independent transliteration patterns.
We train the model with medical terms in seven languages and test it with terms from varied domains in six languages. Two
test languages are not in the training data. Against a large text database index, we achieve 64–78 % precision at the point
of 100% recall. This is a relative improvement of 22% on the simple edit distance. 相似文献
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Ylva Backman Eva Alerby Ulrika Bergmark Åsa Gardelli Krister Hertting Catrine Kostenius 《Scandinavian Journal of Educational Research》2013,57(5):555-570
The aim of this study was to describe, reflect upon, and create a deeper understanding of aspects relevant for promoting a positive school environment from a student perspective. The data was analyzed by using an inductive phenomenological method and based on written responses from 200 Swedish students from grades 5–9. The results indicated that the students found aspects within, as well as beyond, the classroom relevant for a positive school environment. For instance, outings were considered relevant for building and maintaining friendships and for learning processes. Moreover, the students discussed formal and informal conditions and considered social as well as structural circumstances important for having a good time in school. The relation between learning and well-being was also emphasized by the students. 相似文献
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In this paper I use a rich dataset in order to observe each student in different subjects and courses over time. Unlike most peer studies, I identify the peers and the teachers that each student has had in every classroom. This enables me to handle the simultaneity and selection problems, which are inherent in estimating peer effects in the educational production function. I use a value-added approach with lagged peer achievement to avoid simultaneity and extensive fixed effects to rule out selection. To be specific, it is within-student across-subject variation with additional controls for time-invariant teacher characteristics that is exploited. Moreover, I identify students that are attending classes in which they have no peers from previous education which otherwise might bias the result. I find positive peer effects for the average student but also that there is a non-linear dimension. Lower-achieving students benefit more from an increase in both mean peer achievement and the spread in peer achievement within the classroom than their higher-achieving peers. 相似文献
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This article reports on a study of academic librarians' views of their work and possibilities regarding support for researchers' publishing. Institutional repositories and Open Access are areas being dealt with in particular. Methods used are highly qualitative; data was gathered at two Swedish university libraries over a six month period through focus group interview sessions and personal logs by informants. Findings indicate that attitudes are often in collision with practicalities in the daily work in libraries. Even though they have a high degree of knowledge and awareness of scholarly publication patterns, librarians often feel insecure in the approach of researchers. There is a felt redirection in the focus of academic librarianship, from pedagogical information seeking tasks towards a more active publication support, a change which also includes a regained prominence for new forms of bibliographical work. Although there are some challenges, proactive attitudes among librarians are felt as being important in developing further support for researchers' publishing. 相似文献
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