排序方式： 共有40条查询结果，搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Satoru Hashizume Hiroaki Hobara Yoshiyuki Kobayashi 《European Journal of Sport Science》2019,19(6):757-764
Negative work, which is mainly generated by eccentric muscle contraction, has an important influence on the associated muscle damage. Generally, mechanical parameters are determined for one side of a lower extremity on the assumption of negligible between-limb differences. However, between-limb differences in the negative work of lower extremity joints during running remain unclear. This study examines between-limb differences in negative work and associated mechanical parameters during the contact phase of running. Twenty-five young adult males voluntarily participated in this study. Each participant was asked to run on a straight runway at a speed of 3.0?m?s?1. Negative work, amplitude, duration of negative power, moment, and angular velocity were computed for both sides of the lower extremities. Significant differences were found in negative work between limbs for the hip (18.9?±?11.7%), knee (13.6?±?10.4%), and ankle (11.8?±?8.5%) joints. For the hip joint, asymmetric negative work was attributable to the between-limb difference in the amplitude of negative power owing to a corresponding difference in the moment. The between-limb differences concerning the duration and amplitude of negative power could explain the asymmetric negative work in the knee joint. The asymmetric negative work of the ankle joint was attributable to the between-limb difference in the amplitude and duration of the negative power and the moment. These results indicate that asymmetric negative work was generated in each lower extremity joint; however, the major mechanical parameters corresponding to the negative work are not the same across the joints. 相似文献
2.
ABSTRACTAlthough computational approaches to ideology-based audience fragmentation are promising, they are not without limitations. First, most existing studies have focused on the US, and the cross-national validity of their results has rarely been tested. Second, previous studies that rely solely on behavioral data from social media tend to make strong analytical assumptions such as that Twitter users prefer to follow media and politicians whose ideological positions are similar to their own, and that the ideologies of political elites can be extrapolated to infer the ideologies of ordinary users. We aim to address these limitations. First, we focus on Japan to test the generalizability of US findings in an Asian context. Second, we do not rely solely on behavioral measurement but combine survey and social media data to infer the ideologies of Twitter users. Results indicate that our classifier built based on these self-reported ideologies produces more valid estimates than naïve extrapolation from views of the elites. Based on these improved estimates of Twitter users’ ideologies, we demonstrate that the ideological distributions of those who follow major Japanese media accounts on Twitter largely overlap, suggesting an absence of ideology-based audience fragmentation. 相似文献
3.
International Journal for the Advancement of Counselling - 相似文献
4.
5.
Since robots are becoming involved in children's lives, it is urgent to determine how children perceive robots. The present study assessed whether Japanese 5-year-olds care about their reputation when interacting with a social robot. Children were given stickers and asked to divide them between themselves and an absent recipient. Results revealed that children (N = 112, 55 boys, 57 girls) strategically shared more stickers when being watched by a social interactive robot than by an attentional but non-interactive robot or a still robot. Additionally, children (N = 36, 18 boys, 18 girls) attributed higher psychological properties to social robots. This study is the first to show that 5-year-olds care about their reputations from social robots. 相似文献
6.
Shinichi Demura Shunsuke Yamaji Fumio Goshi Hidetsugu Kobayashi Susumu Sato Yoshinori Nagasawa 《Journal of sports sciences》2002,20(2):153-164
The aims of this study were to assess the reliability and validity of three methods of bioelectrical impedance analysis (based on induction between the hand and foot, between one foot and the other foot and between one hand and the other hand) and the skinfold method, and to construct prediction equations for total body density by examining cross-validity in young Japanese adult males. The participants were 50 Japanese males aged 18-27 years (height 1.72 +/- 0.06 m, body mass 64.9 +/- 9.0 kg; mean +/- s), each of whom was measured twice using each of the four methods. Relative body fat based on underwater weighing was used as the criterion for validity. To construct prediction equations for body density, we used multiple regression analysis, whereby all possible combinations were examined. The reliability of all three bioelectrical impedance methods was high (R = 0.999). Three new prediction equations were constructed for the hand-foot method, foot-foot method and skinfold method. The cross-validity of the equations was guaranteed. The relative body fat calculated using the new equations did not differ from that based on the underwater weighing method. 相似文献
7.
受中国人民对外友好协会陈昊苏先生的邀请,原在华日人反战同盟老战士访华团一行20人于8月31日到达北京,参加中国人民抗日战争暨世界反法西斯战争胜利60周年纪念活动。刚下飞机,就见到许多报纸记者以及中央电视台“呼唤和平”摄制组早等在首都机场进行采访,摄下了当年的日本老八路60年后来到中国的镜头。这些日本老八路大多数都已进入耄耋之年,然而来到中国北京,他们一个个精神矍铄。他们胸前佩戴着“日本八路”及自己姓名的胸章,一踏上中国的土地便抚今追昔,感慨万千!他们对中央电视台记者说:“中国是我们贡献青春的地方。从我们被八路军俘… 相似文献
8.
Takanori Ishii Michiyoshi Ae Yuta Suzuki Yasuto Kobayashi 《Sports biomechanics / International Society of Biomechanics in Sports》2018,17(2):238-250
This study sought to identify biomechanical factors that determine fast and skilful execution of the seoi-nage (shoulder throw) technique by comparing kinematics between elite and college judo athletes. Three-dimensional motion data were captured using a VICON-MX system with 18 cameras operating at 250 Hz as three male elite and seven male college judo athletes performed seoi-nage. No significant difference was found in motion phase time of the turning phase between the two groups, indicating that motion phase time is not necessarily a factor contributing quickness in seoi-nage. The maximum relative velocity of the whole body centre of mass along the anterior–posterior direction was significantly greater in the elite athletes (2.74 ± 0.33 m/s) than in the college athletes (1.62 ± 0.47 m/s) during the turning phase (p = 0.023). The overall angular velocity of the body part lines, particularly the arm line, tended to be greater in the elite athletes (p = 0.068). The results imply that the velocity of the thrower relative to the opponent in the forward drive and turning motion reflects high skill seoi-nage. Coaches should recognise the relative forward velocity as a factor that may contribute to a successful seoi-nage when teaching the judo throw technique. 相似文献
9.
Keiichi Kobayashi 《Instructional Science》2009,37(4):311-324
This study examined the effects of external strategy use on the comprehension of relations among controversial texts. About
80 undergraduates read six controversial texts for the purpose of either finding intertextual relations or forming their opinion
about the controversial issue. Half of them were permitted to use external strategies, the other half were not. Results indicated
that only when given a purpose of relation-finding did external strategy users perform better than non-users in the comprehension
of intertextual relations. Readers with a purpose of relation-finding also outperformed readers with a purpose of opinion-forming
when permitted to use external strategies. The use of external strategies had no influence on the recall of intratextual arguments,
regardless of reading purpose. These results were discussed in terms of readers’ use of external strategies to serve their
reading purposes. 相似文献
10.
Teaching other students in a face-to-face manner has been shown to effectively foster both one’s own and their learning. This study experimentally investigated whether and how tutors and tutees academically benefit from three phases of face-to-face teaching: preparing-to-teach, initial-explanation, and interaction phases. Japanese undergraduates (n = 80) acted as tutors or tutees in peer tutoring. After studying with the expectation of teaching face-to-face or taking a test (the preparing-to-teach phase), tutor participants provided tutee participants with initial instructional explanations, without asking or answering questions (the initial-explanation phase), and then engaged in a question-and-answer period (the interaction phase). Tutor and tutee participants learned better by providing and receiving higher-quality explanations in the initial-explanation and interaction phases. Face-to-face teaching vs. test expectancy had no effects on the quality of tutor participants’ explanations or their learning outcomes. The results suggest that both the initial-explanation and interaction phases contribute to learning by teaching face-to-face, whereas the preparing-to-teach phase does not.
相似文献