Getting What You Pay For: Children's Use of Market Norms to Regulate Exchanges     

Margaret Echelbarger  Susan A. Gelman  Charles W. Kalish 《Child development》2019,90(6):2071-2085

Children are sensitive to a number of considerations influencing distributions of resources, including equality, equity, and reciprocity. We tested whether children use a specific type of reciprocity norm—market norms—in which resources are distributed differentially based strictly on amount offered in return. In two studies, 195 children 5–10 years and 60 adults distributed stickers to friends offering same or different amounts of money. Overall, participants distributed more equally when offers were the same and more unequally when offers were different. Although sensitive to why friends offered different amounts of money, children increasingly incorporated market norms into their distributions with age, as the oldest children and adults distributed more to those offering more, irrespective of the reasons provided.  相似文献   

The use of analogies in written text     

Ruth V. Curtis  Charles M. Reigeluth 《Instructional Science》1984,13(2):99-117

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To prove or improve,that is the question: the resurgence of comparative,confounded research between 2010 and 2019     

Honebein  Peter C.  Reigeluth  Charles M. 《Educational technology research and development : ETR & D》2021,69(2):465-496

Educational technology research and development - Between 2010 and 2019, ETR&D experienced increased publication of a specific type of research that does not provide useful knowledge to the...  相似文献   

Shareholder returns and the exploration-exploitation dilemma: R&D announcements by biotechnology firms     

Peter Mc Namara  Charles Baden-Fuller 《Research Policy》2007,36(4):548-565

We explore a financial returns dimension of the exploration-exploitation dilemma. Using 1277 R&D announcements by 178 listed bio-pharmaceutical firms, we examine whether investors are myopic along the continuum of exploration (patenting and preclinical trials) to exploitation (human clinical trials and NDA). We find that investors respond positively at every stage, but there are differences between small and large firms. For small firms exploration is favored, provided it is focused. For large firms, there is value in both exploration and exploitation. Projects which are part of an alliance are no more likely to generate abnormal returns. Policy implications are discussed.  相似文献   

Epochē, Entertainment and Ethics: On the Hyperreality of Everyday Life     

Charles?W.?HarveyEmail author 《Ethics and Information Technology》2004,6(4):261-269

In this essay, I argue that popular entertainment can be understood in terms of Husserl’s concepts of epochē, reduction and constitution, and, conversely, that epochē, reduction and constitution can be explicated in terms of popular entertainment. To this end I use Husserl’s concepts to explicate and reflect upon the psychological and ethical effects of an exemplary instance of entertainment, the renowned Star Trek episode entitled “The Measure of a Man.” The importance of such an exercise is twofold: (1) to demonstrate, once again, the fecundity of the methodological procedures Husserl bequeathed to us; more than any other philosopher, he tapped into the fundamental manners in which we lose, make and remake the meanings of our lives; and (2) to demonstrate how popular entertainment, similarly, plays a central role in the making and remaking of the meanings of our lives. If my zig-zag procedure between Husserl’s philosophy and popular entertainment is productive and cogent, in addition to elucidating Husserl’s philosophy, it will demonstrate the reality-generating potency and the constitutive power of entertainment in the contemporary world. Entertainment, via ourselves, has become the primary producer of the meanings via which consciousness constitutes the world.  相似文献   

The information seeking behaviour of the users of digital scholarly journals     

David Nicholas  Paul Huntington  Hamid R. Jamali  Anthony Watkinson 《Information processing & management》2006

The article employs deep log analysis (DLA) techniques, a more sophisticated form of transaction log analysis, to demonstrate what usage data can disclose about information seeking behaviour of virtual scholars – academics, and researchers. DLA works with the raw server log data, not the processed, pre-defined and selective data provided by journal publishers. It can generate types of analysis that are not generally available via proprietary web logging software because the software filters out relevant data and makes unhelpful assumptions about the meaning of the data. DLA also enables usage data to be associated with search/navigational and/or user demographic data, hence the name ‘deep’. In this connection the usage of two digital journal libraries, those of EmeraldInsight, and Blackwell Synergy are investigated. The information seeking behaviour of nearly three million users is analyzed in respect to the extent to which they penetrate the site, the number of visits made, as well as the type of items and content they view. The users are broken down by occupation, place of work, type of subscriber (“Big Deal”, non-subscriber, etc.), geographical location, type of university (old and new), referrer link used, and number of items viewed in a session.  相似文献   

Computer-mediated colonization, the renaissance, and educational imperatives for an intercultural global village     

Charles Ess 《Ethics and Information Technology》2002,4(1):11-22

``The diversity of cultures in this world isreally important. It's the richness that wehave which, in fact, will save us from beingcaught up in one big idea'.Tim Berners-Lee (inventor of the Web)addressing the 10th International World WideWeb Conference, Hong Kong.``Globalization must not be a new version ofcolonialism. It must respect the diversity ofcultures which, within the universal harmony ofpeoples, are life's interpretative keys'.Pope John Paul II.``It is the stillest words that bring on thestorm. Thoughts that come on doves' feet guidethe world'.The Stillest Hour, Thus Spoke Zarathustra.  相似文献   

Librarianship and information work: Job characteristics and staffing needs : . The British Library Research & Development Reports No. 5321HC, The British Library, London, 1977, 62 pp. £2.50     

Charles R. McClure 《Information processing & management》1978,14(6)

This paper deals with the broad concept of management of organizational information. More specifically, it examines the notion of information richness—that phenomenon by which certain individuals are better able to acquire, process and utilize information than are other individuals in the organization. Based on an analysis of relevant research findings some tentative hypotheses relating management and organizational information richness are suggested. In conclusion, a number of managerial implications of the notion of organizational information richness are discussed.  相似文献   

Science education journal/periodical reading patterns of senior level undergraduate education students at the university of Oklahoma, 1973-1982     

Charles E. Butler 《科学教学研究杂志》1985,22(6):485-490

This study analyzed 103 articles from journals/periodicals related to science education submitted to the author over a period often years. This study sought to determine which journals/ periodicals were most popular, as indicated by frequency of reportings. It, secondarily, attempted to verify or refute the paucity of research data currently available related to journal/ periodical reading patterns on the part of teachers, specifically those in secondary schools. Finally, it attempted to study reading patterns within specific secondary school teaching areas, about which this author was unable to find any research. The findings indicated that there were several popular science education-related journals/periodicals. American Biology Teacher, the Journal of Research in Science Teaching and Science Education were the top three journals/ periodicals reported. Most of the findings of earlier research were confirmed.  相似文献   

Racial Inequality in Critical Thinking Skills: The Role of Academic and Diversity Experiences     

Josipa Roksa  Teniell L. Trolian  Ernest T. Pascarella  Cindy A. Kilgo  Charles Blaich  Kathleen S. Wise 《Research in higher education》2017,58(2):119-140

While racial inequalities in college entry and completion are well documented, much less is known about racial disparities in the development of general collegiate skills, such as critical thinking. Using data from the Wabash National Study of Liberal Arts Education, we find substantial inequality in the development of critical thinking skills over four years of college between African American and White students. The results indicate that these inequities are not related to students’ academic experiences in college but are substantially related to their experiences with diversity. These findings have important implications for understanding racial inequality in higher education and considering strategies for addressing observed disparities.  相似文献