Open e-government in U.S. state governments: Survey evidence from Chief Information Officers     

Sukumar Ganapati  Christopher G. Reddick 《Government Information Quarterly》2012

This paper examines the extent to which state governments in the United States have adopted open e-government initiatives. The adoption is examined in terms of the three pillars of open government identified by President Obama's administration: transparency, participation, and collaboration. Chief Information Officers (CIOs) of state governments were surveyed to identify the extent of the adoption. The paper highlights that open e-government initiatives are unevenly developed. Nearly two-thirds of the CIOs surveyed felt that they have achieved high levels of open e-government, but fewer CIOs felt similarly with respect to each of the pillars of open government. Whereas a majority of the CIOs deemed good strides in the achievement of transparency, they were less sanguine about achieving advanced methods in citizen participation or collaboration among agencies.  相似文献   

Hesperetin on Cell Surface Glycoconjugates Abnormalities and Immunohistochemical Staining with Cytokeratin in 7,12 Dimethylbenz(a)anthracene Induced Hamster Buccal Pouch Carcinogenesis     

Sukumar Babukumar  Veerasamy Vinothkumar  Periyannan Velu  Duraisamy Ramachandhiran 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2018,33(4):438-444

Hesperetin, a naturally occurring citrus flavanone of the bioactive substance, possesses different pharmacological and biochemical activities including anti-cancer and anti-oxidants effect. The aim of the study to investigate that hesperetin on abnormalities of glycoconjugates (protein bound hexose, hexosamine, total sialic acid and fucose), histology (PAS staining) and immunoexpression of cytokeratin during 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA) induced hamster buccal pouch (HBP) carcinogenesis. Oral tumors were developed in the buccal pouches of male golden Syrian hamsters by topical application of 0.5% DMBA thrice a week for 10 weeks and developed morphological alterations depicted as hyperplasia, dysplasia and well-differentiated squamous cell carcinoma formation with noticeable abnormalities of glycoconjugates and cytokeratin. The protective effect of hesperetin against DMBA was evaluated by assessing immunohistochemical expression, histological sections of buccal tissues and the levels of glycoconjugates in the buccal mucosa and plasma were analyzed. Hesperetin administrated orally at a dose of 20 mg/kg b.w. to hamsters treated with DMBA, significantly reduced the status of glycoconjugates and cytokeratin to the near normal range. Overall findings accomplished that hesperetin protects cell surface glycoconjugates abnormalities in DMBA induced HBP carcinogenesis.  相似文献