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在分析国内生产草酸二乙酯工艺的基础上,探讨了以固体酸和反应精馏耦合技术合成草酸二乙酯的新工艺,分析了挟带剂、塔釜温度、回流进料比及原料醇酸比对反应酯化率的影响．在使用环己烷作为挟带剂时,合成草酸二乙酯的最佳工艺条件为：反应温度115℃,原料醇酸比10：1,回流进料比3：1．此时,草酸二乙酯的酯化率达到90％以上． 相似文献
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采用TG-DTA分析研究了一水邻苯二甲酸钙热分解过程,对其中的脱水过程进行了动力学计算. 由Friedman和Ozawa-Flynn-Friedman法得到脱水过程的活化能和指前因子,用Archar方法计算拟合了几种机理函数,确定了脱水过程的优化动力学参数及最佳机理模型. 脱水过程的活化能Ea为141.1576 kJ/mol,反应的机理模型为Bna,即f(α) =(1-α)n*αn. 相似文献
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This paper studies the adsorption of diethyl phthalate (DEP,an environmental hormone) on the surface of nanoscale TiO_2, effects of pH value of solutions, initial concentrations of DEP and additive surfactant on photocatalytic degradation and dynamics of DEP. Under ultra violet illumination, the interaction between DEP and surfactants including DBS (sodium dodecylbenzenesulfon-ate), CTAB (cetyltrimethylammonium bromide), and OP-10 (nonylphenol polyoxyethylene ether) was exploited from the perspective of degradation speed calculated by the data of high pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) and UV-Vis spectra, respectively. Photocatalytic degradation of DEP followed pseudo first-order reaction kinetics. DEP as substrate degraded fast when its initial concentration was 130 mg/L. TiO_2 had certain adsorption ability of DEP. TiO_2 could adsorb the most DEP at the approximately neutral pH of 6.91. Degradation of DEP was not affected obviously by additives OP-10 and DBS. Degradation rate of DEP was not enhanced greatly in the presence of surfactants, but degradation of DBS was sped up. Degradation rate of DEP was depressed in the presence of additive CTAB. The more CTAB was added, the less DEP was degraded. Degradation rate of CTAB became slow with the increase of initial CTAB concentration. The possible adsorption models among TiO_2, DEP and surfactants were given. 相似文献
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在冰盐浴条件下,对硝基苯胺重氮盐与丙二酸二乙酯反应,合成了标题化合物C_(13)H_(15)N_3O_7。经IR、~1HNMR、元素分析和X-射线单晶测定,确认了其结构。化合物属单斜晶系,C2/c空间群,晶胞参数:α=14.331(11)■,b=6.847(5)■,c=32.63(3)■,β=98.149(14)°,V=3169(4)■~3,Z=8,D_c=1.364Mg/m~3,μ=0.112 mm~(-1),F (000)=1360,R=0.0783,wR=0.2461。 相似文献
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Densitiesandviscositiesofliquidmixturesareimportantbothinpracticeandtheory.Inpractice,densitiesarenecessaryinalotofchemicalengineer ingcalculations(i.e.dimensionofstoragedeposits,designofcondensersandboilers,etc.)andalsoin determiningthedynamicviscosity.Thelatterisre quiredintheresolutionofmanyengineeringproblemsinvolvingheattransfer,masstransferandfluidflow.Intheory,density,excessvolumeandviscositycanbeusedtostudytheinteractionspresentinmixtures,suchasdispersionforces,hydrogenbondinginterac t… 相似文献
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酞酸酯是一类普遍使用的有机化合物,主要用作塑料的增塑剂,目前在环境中已经大量存在,由于其具有致癌、致畸和致突变性,引起广泛的关注。综述了近年来环境中酞酸酯类及其降解产物前处理技术的研究进展,指出现阶段主要有液-液萃取（LLE）、固相萃取（SPE）、固相微萃取（SPME）、固相膜萃取（SME）、液相微萃取技术（LPME）、超临界萃取（SFE）和衍生化技术等7种酞酸酯前处理方法;介绍了酞酸酯及降解产物衍生化技术的应用研究,并提出了前处理技术应用的研究前景。 相似文献
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In this paper the measured values of the vapor pressures by ebulliometer method of two important maleic anhydride recovery solvents, di-n-butyl phthalate (DBP) and di-iso-butyl hexahydrophthalate (DIBE),between 0. 63-17. 79 kPa and 0. 49-30. 95 kPa,are reported respectively. A comparison of the data of DBP with the published data has been made, which shows good consistency. For the convenient use of these vapor pressures, Cragoe equation, Antoine equation and Kirchhoff equation are selected to correlate them. The correlating results show that Antoine equation is the best one of the three equations to fit for the vapor pressures of the two solvents. According to Clausius-Clapeyron equation, the linear relationship between natural logarithm of pressure and reciprocal of temperature is used to calculate the molar latent heats of evaporation of the two organic solvents. The molar latent heats of evaporation of DBP and DIBE are 75.1 kJ/mol and 67.7 kJ/mol, respectively. 相似文献
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