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1.
Karyn Ogata Jones Bryan E. Denham Jeffrey K. Springston 《Journal of Applied Communication Research》2006,34(1):94-113
Drawing on components of agenda-setting theory and the two-step flow of information from mass media to news audiences, this study examines the effects of mass and interpersonal communication on breast cancer screening practices among college- and middle-aged women (n = 284). We theorized that screening behaviors among younger women would be influenced more by interpersonal sources of information while screening among middle-aged women would be more influenced by exposure to mass-mediated information. Findings supported anticipated patterns, revealing important and varying roles for both mass and interpersonal communication in the health behaviors of women. Implications for health practitioners and campaign planners, as well as recommendations for future research, are discussed. 相似文献
2.
This study examined whether perceived message effectiveness (PE) predicted information-seeking behavior in the topical domain of colon cancer. Participants (N = 277) viewed one of three video messages (news, testimonial, and animation) that advocated screening for colon cancer. Information-seeking behavior was operationalized as reading time for a subsequent message about colon cancer. The proposed mediation model successfully reproduced the pattern of data, thereby providing evidence that PE predicts behavior via intention. 相似文献
3.
G. N. Raval L. J. Parekh D. D. Patel F. P. Jha R. N. Sainger P. S. Patel 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2004,19(2):60-71
Sialic acid, the end moieties of the carbohydrate chains are biologically important and essential for functions of glycoconjugates
and are reported to be altered in cancer patients. Two hundred and twenty five breast cancer (BC) patients, 100 patients with
benign breast disease (BBD) and 100 healthy females (controls) were enrolled for the study. Eight hundred and twenty four
follow-up samples of 225 breast carcinoma patients were also evaluated. The association of sialic acid forms, sialyltransferase
and α-2–6 sialoproteins levels with presence and extent as well as prognosis of breast carcinoma was studied. Serum sialic
acid forms and sialyltransferase revealed significantly elevated levels among untreated breast cancer patients as compared
to the controls, patients with BBD as well as cancer patients in remission. Non-responders showed comparable levels of the
markers with those found in breast cancer patients at the time of diagnosis. Higher levels of sialic acid forms at diagnosis
were associated with poor prognosis. A positive correlation between serum levels of different forms of sialic acids and extent
of malignant disease was observed. The changes in serum proteins with terminal α-2–6 sialic acid correlated well with alterations
in the levels of sialic acid forms and sialyltransferase. Malignant tissues showed elevated levels of sialic acid and sialyltransferase
as compared to surrounding normal tissues.
The results suggested potential utility of these markers in evaluation of clinical outcome. 相似文献
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5.
《运动与健康科学(英文)》2014,3(1):52-57
Currently there are more than 13.7 million cancer survivors living in the U.S., and that figure is projected to increase by 31% in the next decade, adding another 4 million cancer survivors into the healthcare system. Cancer is largely a disease of aging, and the aging of the population will sharply raise the proportion of older cancer survivors, many of whom will be long-term survivors (5+ years post diagnosis). This review will address the potential utility of exercise to address three health problems that are of particular concern for the aging cancer survivor and the healthcare system, i.e., disability, falls, and cardiovascular disease, because the development of these age-related problems may be accelerated by cancer treatment. While there are many different modes of exercise that each produce specific adaptations, Tai Ji Quan may be a particularly suitable strategy to mitigate the development of age- and cancer-treatment-related problems. Based on studies in older adults without cancer, Tai Ji Quan produces musculoskeletal and cardiometabolic adaptations and is more easily performed by older adults due to its low energy cost and slower movement patterns. Since cancer survivors are mostly older, inactive, and often physically limited by the lingering side effects of treatment, they need to engage in safe, practical, and effective modes of exercise. The dearth of published controlled trials examining the efficacy of Tai Ji Quan to mitigate cancer-treatment-related musculoskeletal and cardiovascular side effects points to ample research opportunities to explore the application of this non-Western exercise modality to improve long-term outcomes for aging cancer survivors. 相似文献
6.
Garima Mehta Seema Kothari P. P. Singh 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2001,16(1):65-71
From January 1992-January 1998, 1404 patients attended the “Breast Clinic” of R.N.T. Medical College M.B. Hospital, Udaipur.
Out of these, 11% and 81% patients had breast cancer (B.C.) and benign breast cancer (B.B.D.) respectively. The oxidative
load in B.C. was 2.32 times higher than controls, but comparable to B.B.D. β-Carotene deficiency was uncommon in patients,
whereas vitamin A deficiency was almost equally common in both B.C. and controls. Most of the patients had almost depleted
levels of α-tocopherol and ascorbic acid but their TBAR levels were in normal range. The data in the present study when compared
with B.B.D. and other local normal subjects point out: a) oxidative burden in B.C. is a consequence and not the cause of the
disease, (b) oxidative stress could be one of the etiological factors in tumor expression, which need not to be malignant
and c) α-tocopherol and ascorbic acid are not importantly responsible for higher oxidative burden in B.C. 相似文献
7.
Nitric oxide (NO) a free radical having both cytoprotective as well as tumor promoting agent is formed from l-arginine by converting it to l-citrulline via nitric oxide synthase enzymes. The reaction product of nitric oxide with superoxide generates potent oxidizing
agent, peroxynitrite which is the main mediator of tissue and cellular injury. Peroxynitrite is reactive towards many biomolecules
which includes amino acids, nucleic acid bases; metal containing compounds, etc. NO metabolites may play a key role in mediating
many of the genotoxic/carcinogenic effects as DNA damage, protein or lipid modification, etc. The basic reactions of nitric
oxide can be divided as direct effect of the radical where it alone plays a role in either damaging or protecting the cell
milieu and an indirect effect in which the byproducts of nitric oxide formed by convergence of two independent radical generating
pathways play the role in biological reactions which mainly involve oxidative and nitrosative stress. Nitric oxide is also
capable of directly interacting with mitochondria through inhibition of respiration or by permeability transition. Reaction
of nitric oxide with metal ions include its direct interaction with the metals or with oxo complexes thereby reducing them
to lower valent state. Excessive production of nitric oxide can be studied by inhibiting the synthetic pathway of nitric oxide
using both selective or specific nitric oxide synthase inhibitor or non-selective nitric oxide synthase inhibitor with respect
to isoforms of nitric oxide. 相似文献
8.
Cancer is a genetic disorder.Although heredi-tary cancers account for only a small fraction of all tumors,most cancers are caused by a variable mix of heredity and environment that leads to accumulations of genetic alterations and then uncontrolled cell pro-liferations(Kops et al.,2005).In addition,genetic alteration is one of the a few most important bio-logical factors that determine the diagnosis and prognosis of different cancers and dictate the treat-ment strategies for cancer patients.Fu… 相似文献
9.
Li Chao Brant Eleanor Budak Hikmet Zhang Baohong 《Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B》2021,22(4):253-284
Since it was first recognized in bacteria and archaea as a mechanism for innate viral immunity in the early 2010 s,clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats(CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated protein(Cas) has rapidly been developed into a robust, multifunctional genome editing tool with many uses. Following the discovery of the initial CRISPR/Cas-based system, the technology has been advanced to facilitate a multitude of different functions. These include development as a base editor, prime editor, epigenetic editor, and CRISPR interference(CRISPRi) and CRISPR activator(CRISPRa) gene regulators. It can also be used for chromatin and RNA targeting and imaging. Its applications have proved revolutionary across numerous biological fields, especially in biomedical and agricultural improvement. As a diagnostic tool, CRISPR has been developed to aid the detection and screening of both human and plant diseases, and has even been applied during the current coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19) pandemic. CRISPR/Cas is also being trialed as a new form of gene therapy for treating various human diseases, including cancers, and has aided drug development. In terms of agricultural breeding, precise targeting of biological pathways via CRISPR/Cas has been key to regulating molecular biosynthesis and allowing modification of proteins, starch, oil, and other functional components for crop improvement. Adding to this, CRISPR/Cas has been shown capable of significantly enhancing both plant tolerance to environmental stresses and overall crop yield via the targeting of various agronomically important gene regulators. Looking to the future, increasing the efficiency and precision of CRISPR/Cas delivery systems and limiting off-target activity are two major challenges for wider application of the technology. This review provides an in-depth overview of current CRISPR development, including the advantages and disadvantages of the technology,recent applications, and future considerations. 相似文献
10.
针对进展期胃癌新辅助化疗的价值在临床中的应用仍有争论,本文采用Cochrane系统评价方法,查询了国内外有关的英文及中文随机对照试验研究,以对胃癌新辅助化疗的疗效进行Meta分析,为临床决策提供依据. 相似文献