Organosilicon reagents in natural product synthesis     

Hari Prasad 《Resonance》2002,7(12):48-64

Berzelius, the Swedish chemist in 1807 introduced the term ‘organic compounds’ as those substances derived from once living organisms (organized systems). Carbon exhibits the property of catenation (formation of chains) and forms a plethora of compounds on earth. Silicon on the other hand which is placed below carbon in the periodic table does not exhibit this property. This article is a brief account of some of the several reagents and classes of compounds encountered in organosilicon chemistry.  相似文献   

Circulating peptide and steroid hormone levels in patients with breast cancer     

Lakshmi Krishnamoorthy  Elizabeth Zachariah  P. G. Ramaswamy  N. Anantha 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》1994,9(1):37-39

Circulating levels of gonadotropins (FSH,LH), prolactin (PRL), estradiol and progesterone were measured by radioimmunoassay in the sera of 60 patients with histopathologically proven breast cancer. 30 patients belonged to the post and 30 to the premenopausal group. 30 healthy women, 15 each in the pre and post menopausal groups served as controls for the study. Prolactin was elevated in 33% and 26% of pre and post menopausal breast cancer patients respectively. Lower levels of estradiol and progesterone were observed during the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle in premenopausal breast cancer patients. Among postmenopausal patients with breast cancer, LH was elevated in 32%, FSH in 15% and estradiol in 30% of the patients studied.  相似文献   

运动与胃肠激素的关系     

廖八庚 《山东体育学院学报》1996,(1)

胃肠激素是一类由消化道内分泌细胞分泌的具有调节消化道生理活动和促激素释放等作用的激素。分析了运动与胃肠激素的关系。运动可使大多数胃肠激素的血浆浓度发生改变，而胃肠激素的浓度的改变可能影响机体在运动时消化道的生理活动和能量代谢等。  相似文献   

Are we using Thyroid Function Tests Appropriately?     

Gupta S  Verma M  Gupta AK  Kaur A  Kaur V  Singh K 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2011,26(2):178-181

Thyroid function tests are very important for the diagnosis and monitoring of patients with thyroid dysfunction. The guidelines recommend serum thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) as the single most reliable test to diagnose all common forms of hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism. The aim of this study was to analyze the ordering pattern for thyroid function tests by physicians and the analysis of results based on the clinical history. The mean age of the patients was 32.5 ± 6.5 years. Majority of samples (87.7% of total) were received from the departments of Medicine and Gynae. Thyroid profiles (47.5%) were ordered more frequently as compared to TSH only (46%). There was no significant difference in the percentage of normal reports for both types of tests. 77.8% of TFT and 76.6% of TSH samples had results within the reference range. The percentage of abnormal results was 13.7% in the patients who were screened for thyroid disorders. There is a need to redefine the case definition for thyroid dysfunction and order the appropriate test in a rational and cost effective manner.  相似文献   

Deregulation of microRNA expression in thyroid tumors简     

Zi-ming YUAN  Zhi-li YANG  Qi ZHENG 《Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B》2014,15(3):212-224

MicroRNAs (miRNAs or miRs) are endogenous non-coding RNAs that negatively regulate gene expression by binding to the 3′ non-coding regions of target mRNAs, resulting in their cleavage or blocking their translation. miRNAs may have an impact on cell differentiation, proliferation, and survival, and their deregulation can be inclined to diseases and cancers, including thyroid tumors. The purpose of this review is to summarize the existing findings of deregulated miRNAs in different types of thyroid tumors and to exhibit their potential target genes, especially to demonstrate those involved in tumor invasion and metastasis. In addition, new findings of circulating miRNA expression profiles, single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in thyroid tumors, and the correlation of somatic mutations with deregulated miRNA expression in thyroid tumors were all included in this review.  相似文献   

Metastasis of gastric carcinoma to the thyroid and lung: a case report and review of literature     

Hwa-chan Lee  Fen-fen Chen  Ching-chu Lo  Chung-jing Wang  Wei-chun Lo  Shi-ping Luh 《Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B》2010,11(7):542-546

Cancer metastasis to the thyroid is extremely rare. The more commonly reported primary sites for metastasis to the thyroid are the kidney, breast, lung, colon, esophagus, and uterus. Thyroid metastasis from the stomach has only been reported in three cases. Herein, we report a 71-year-old man presenting with bilateral thyroid multinodular lesions. Bilateral near-total thyroidectomy was performed due to airway compression with related symptoms. Wedge resection of a suspicious pulmonary nodule, detected on CT, was performed for diagnosis. Polypoid lesions in the stomach were examined by trans-scopic biopsy. Poorly differentiated adenocarcinomas with the same histological profiles were noted at these three sites. The immunohistochemical staining for thyroglobulin of these specimens was negative. We conclude that a new thyroid mass appearing in a patient with present or prior malignancies should raise the concern of metastatic disease.  相似文献   

The Journey of Becoming a Mother     

Judith A. Lothian 《The Journal of perinatal education》2008,17(4):43-47

Nature intends that the physical and hormonal changes of pregnancy insure the growth and development not just of the baby but of the mother. The physical and emotional changes of pregnancy and, then, labor, birth, and breastfeeding play vital roles in guiding women on the journey of becoming a mother. Standard prenatal care and medicalized labor and birth interfere in powerful ways with nature''s plan and, consequently, women''s ability to negotiate this journey. In this column, these issues are explored, and implications for childbirth education are discussed.  相似文献   

An audit of total and free thyroxine measurements in screening for hypo and hyperthyroidism in patients using chemiluminescence immunoassay     

J. J. Fleming  S. Rajaratnam  M. S. Seshadri  A. S. Kanagasabapathy 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2001,16(1):95-100

An audit of 2509 patient specimens analyzed for both total thyroxine (TT4) and free thyroxine (FT4) by the ACS-180 automated chemiluminescence immunoassay analyzer revealed that there were 219 discrepancies (8.7% of the total). A discrepancy was defined as one analyte within its reference range and the other outside. The discrepant results were divided into 4 groups: group A: normal TT4, but decreased FT4, 101 patients (4.0%); group B: increased TT4, normal FT4, 78 patients (3.1%); group C: decreased TT4, normal FT4, 34 patients (1.4%); and group D: normal TT4, increased FT4, 6 patients (0.2%). TSH measurements were available, by a 3^rd generation chemiluminescent assay, in 142 of these patients, and were consistent with the FT4 result in 72 patients, with TT4 in 61 cases and with neither in 9 patients. The clinical diagnosis was investigated in a subgroup of 43 endocrine patients. Thirteen of the 20 endocrine patients in group A were diagnosed as hypothyroid, with a measured serum TSH, in 11 of them, of median 14.6, range 1.2 to 46.2 μlU/ml. Eleven of the 19 endocrine patients in group B were on thyroid replacement, with a measured serum TSH, in 7 of them of <0.01 μlU/ml. The audit of current laboratory practice led to a suggestion to replace the current thyroid function screening strategy of measuring both TT4 and FT4 by the combination of FT4 and TSH. The reasons for the discrepancies and the alternative strategies for screening of thyroid function are discussed.  相似文献   

辣椒质-核互作雄性不育与叶、蕾中内源激素含量的关系   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

张子学  罗育淮 《安徽科技学院学报》2002,16(2):5-7

利用间接酶联免疫法(ELISA)测定辣椒质核互作雄性不育三系叶、蕾中IAA、CTKs、GA1+3和ABA的含量.结果表明:在叶、蕾中各种内源激素水平三系之间有明显的差异.在三系之间不育系叶、蕾中IAA的含量明显增高;叶片中CTKs的含量不育系最高,而在花蕾中其含量最低;在花蕾中不育系GA1+3的含量明显最高;ABA的含量三系之间差异相对较小.进定步分析表明;花蕾中各种激素水平的比例平衡与辣椒雄性不育有着更密切的关系.  相似文献   

早孕妇女甲状腺激素的测定结果分析     

侯亚利  刘致进  赵繁敏  崔峰  崔张新  赵自刚  牛春雨 《河北北方学院学报(医学版)》1999,(2)

探讨人绒毛膜促性腺激素(hCG)是否具有垂体促甲状腺激素(TSH)样作用。方法:应用放射免疫方法(RIA)对65例旱孕妇女hCG与甲状腺激素水平进行测定。结果:早孕妇女Ⅰ组(停经35—50天)3,3’,5’-三碘甲状腺原氨酸(rT_3)水平升高,与正常对照组差异显著(P<0.01);早孕妇女Ⅱ组(停经51—80天)甲状腺素(T_4)、游离甲状腺素(FT_4)、rT_3水平均升高,与正常对照组差异显著(P<0.01);而两组早孕妇女的三碘甲状腺原氨酸(T_3)、游离三碘甲状腺原氨酸(FT_3)水平与正常对照组无明显差异(P>0.05)。结论:hCG具有TSH样作用,早孕妇女甲状腺激素水平升高为hCG促使甲状腺功能增强所致。  相似文献