共查询到10条相似文献，搜索用时 179 毫秒
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张西玉 《乐山师范学院学报》2006,21(12):51-53
miRNA(microRNA)是一类长约22个核苷酸的小分子非编码RNA。近年来,科学家发现miRNA与基因表达调控密切相关,miRNA可通过与靶mRNA特异性的碱基配对,引起靶mRNA的降解,抑制其翻译,或以其它形式的调节机制抑制靶基因的表达。本文概述了miRNA特点、生物合成过程、功能以及作用机制。 相似文献
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Wen-biao CHEN Jian-rong HUANG Xiang-qi YU Xiao-cong LIN Yong DAI 《Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B》2015,16(3):235-250,166
目的:寻找来源于Alport综合征患者与正常对照者的多能干细胞差异性表达的microR NA,并对差异性表达的microR NA靶基因进行预测。创新点:本研究不同于一般的试验标本,试验标本是来源于尿肾脏管细胞诱导而成的多能干细胞。基于Alport综合征是遗传疾病,我们对一遗传家系进行了系统的分析。寻找特异性的差异性表达microR NA及其靶基因,从基因水平对Alport综合征进行研究。方法:在前期工作中,成功地从实验者与对照者的尿肾脏管细胞诱导成多能干细胞。运用高通量测序技术分析并发现实验者与对照者之间差异性表达的microR NA。对差异性表达的microR NA靶基因进行预测,并进行靶基因聚集分析,研究靶基因主要参与的生物学过程。同时进行靶基因信号传导通路的分析,研究靶基因主要参与的细胞信号传导通路。结论:在实验组与对照组之间,发现了30个具有显著差异性表达的microR NAs,包括19个上调表达与11个下调表达。差异性表达的microR NA的靶基因主要聚集在细胞膜和细胞代谢过程;靶基因主要参与嘌呤代谢通路与丝裂原活化蛋白激酶(MAPK)通路。 相似文献
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Lang QL Zhou XC Zhang XL Drabek R Zuo ZX Ren YL Li TB Chen JS Gao XL 《Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B》2011,12(2):116-125
A large number of plant microRNAs (miRNAs) are now documented in the miRBase, among which only 30 are for Solanum lycopersicum (tomato). Clearly, there is a far-reaching need to identify and profile the expression of miRNAs in this important crop under
various physiological and pathological conditions. In this study, we used an in situ synthesized custom microarray of plant
miRNAs to examine the expression and temporal presence of miRNAs in the leaves of tomato plants infected with Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV). Following computational sequence homology search and hairpin structure prediction, we identified three novel tomato
miRNA precursor genes. Our results also show that, in accordance with the phenotype of the developing leaves, the tomato miRNAs
are differentially expressed at different stages of plant development and that CMV infection can induce or suppress the expression
of miRNAs as well as up-regulate some star miRNAs (miRNA*s) which are normally present at much lower levels. The results indicate
that developmental anomalies elicited by virus infection may be caused by more complex biological processes. 相似文献
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吴建桥 《孝感职业技术学院学报》2007,10(3):105-109
miRNA是一类高度保守的非编码RNA,为21-25nt的单链型RNA(ssRNAs),由70-90nt的可形成发夹状的内源性转录前体pri-miRNA加工而成,miRNA与靶mRNA的3'-UTR碱基配对,通过抑制mRNA的翻译或直接使mRNA降解,在转录后水平使基因产生沉默,研究发现人类全部基因的三分之一都受到miRNA的调控,这表明miRNA分子实际上是基因调控网络中的核心成分。近来研究发现miRNA与人类的某些疾病密切相关。文章综述了miRNA的基因调控原理和临床研究进展。 相似文献
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Computational prediction of microRNA genes in silkworm genome 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
MicroRNAs （miRNAs） constitute a novel, extensive class of small RNAs （-21 nucleotides）, and play important gene-regulation roles during growth and development in various organisms. Here we conducted a homology search to identify homologs of previously validated miRNAs from silkworm genome. We identified 24 potential miRNA genes, and gave each of them a name according to the common criteria. Interestingly, we found that a great number of newly identified miRNAs were conserved in silkworm and Drosophila, and family alignment revealed that miRNA families might possess single nucleotide polymorphisms, miRNA gene clusters and possible functions of complement miRNA pairs are discussed. 相似文献
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肿瘤相关巨噬细胞(TAM)是肿瘤微环境中比例最高的免疫细胞,对肿瘤的发生和发展起着重要的作用。在肿瘤的进展过程中,microRNA可以通过转录后调控的方式作用于多种靶点与信号通路来影响TAM的表型。本文主要讨论了microRNA对巨噬细胞分化、功能性极化和细胞间信息交流的调控作用。首先,microRNA参与了从髓样细胞向成熟巨噬细胞的分化过程,这一过程直接影响了肿瘤微环境中肿瘤细胞对巨噬细胞的招募。其次,microRNA参与了TAM的功能极化,使之表现为促癌或抑癌表型,影响了肿瘤的生长和转移。第三,肿瘤细胞与巨噬细胞间的相互作用对肿瘤微环境的形成和肿瘤的进展而言是必要的,microRNA可以通过胞外颗粒的形式作为交流的媒介。此外,本文还讨论了巨噬细胞相关microRNA作为肿瘤诊断和预后标志物的潜在价值,以及基于巨噬细胞相关microRNA的肿瘤治疗新策略的应用前景。 相似文献