Role of objectively measured sedentary behaviour in physical performance,frailty and mortality among older adults: A short systematic review     

Asier Mañas  Borja del Pozo-Cruz  Francisco José García-García  Amelia Guadalupe-Grau 《European Journal of Sport Science》2017,17(7):940-953

Sedentary behaviour (SB) has recently emerged as an independent risk factor for different health outcomes. Older adults accumulate long time in SB. Understanding the role that SB plays on health is crucial for a successful aging. This short systematic review summarizes the current evidence related to the effects of objectively measured SB on frailty, physical performance and mortality in adults ≥60?years old. The literature search produced 271 records for physical performance (n?=?119), frailty (n?=?31), and mortality (n?=?121). Finally, only 13 articles fulfilled the inclusion criteria and were included in this review. All articles but one included in the physical performance section (n?=?9) showed a negative association between longer time spent in SB and physical performance. A significant association of SB with higher odds of frailty was found, however this association disappeared after adjusting for cognitive status. Lastly, two of the three included studies showed positive associations between SB and mortality, but this effect decreased or even disappeared in the more adjusted models. In conclusion, there is consistency that SB is negatively associated with physical performance. However, the relationship between objectively measured SB and frailty incidence and mortality rates remains unclear and deserves further research. The use of homogenous criteria to assess SB and the inclusion of more robust research designs will help clarifying the independent effects that SB could have on physical performance, frailty, and mortality. This will ultimately help designing more efficient and comprehensive physical activity guidelines for older adults.  相似文献   

A novel sleep optimisation programme to improve athletes’ well-being and performance     

Emer Van Ryswyk  Richard Weeks  Laura Bandick  Michaela O’Keefe  Andrew Vakulin  Peter Catcheside 《European Journal of Sport Science》2017,17(2):144-151

Objectives: To improve well-being and performance indicators in a group of Australian Football League (AFL) players via a six-week sleep optimisation programme. Design: Prospective intervention study following observations suggestive of reduced sleep and excessive daytime sleepiness in an AFL group. Methods: Athletes from the Adelaide Football Club were invited to participate if they had played AFL senior-level football for 1–5 years, or if they had excessive daytime sleepiness (Epworth Sleepiness Scale [ESS] >10), measured via ESS. An initial education session explained normal sleep needs, and how to achieve increased sleep duration and quality. Participants (n?=?25) received ongoing feedback on their sleep, and a mid-programme education and feedback session. Sleep duration, quality and related outcomes were measured during week one and at the conclusion of the six-week intervention period using sleep diaries, actigraphy, ESS, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, Profile of Mood States, Training Distress Scale, Perceived Stress Scale and the Psychomotor Vigilance Task. Results: Sleep diaries demonstrated an increase in total sleep time of approximately 20?min (498.8?±?53.8 to 518.7?±?34.3; p?<?.05) and a 2% increase in sleep efficiency (p?<?0.05). There was a corresponding increase in vigour (p?<?0.001) and decrease in fatigue (p?<?0.05). Conclusions: Improvements in measures of sleep efficiency, fatigue and vigour indicate that a sleep optimisation programme may improve athletes’ well-being. More research is required into the effects of sleep optimisation on athletic performance.  相似文献   

生活方式干预对心血管疾病危险因素的影响——美国HELPS项目成果     

Peter H. Brubaker  罗曦娟  Chelsea Boltj  Shuchang Du 《北京体育大学学报》2017,40(6):48-53

摘要：心血管疾病（CVD）一直是全世界最主要的死因。由于CVD等慢性疾病对健康的威胁越来越大，有必要开展生活方式干预项目以控制这些疾病的危险因素。本研究的目的是评估美国的重要慢病干预项目—HELPS治疗型生活方式改变（TLC）项目对减少CVD危险因素和其他慢性疾病的有效性。方法：140位大学教职工参加为期12周的HELPS TLC项目，干预前后用配对t检验对其体重、BMI、腰围（WC）、6分钟步行距离（6MWD）、空腹血脂和血糖进行测定和比较。结果：干预后6MWD显著增加，总胆固醇（TC）和WC显著下降。对“高危”参与者进一步分析显示：BMI（-1.5±0.5，-3.9%）、TC（- 22.8±4.0，-9.0%）、LDL（- 14.1±4.9，9.3%）和血糖（-6.9±2.2，-6.1%）均显著下降；男性腰围（-4.5±0.8，-10%）显著减小，女性未见显著改变（-1.5±0.5，-4.0%）。此外，体重的变化与TC（r=0.43）、LDL（r=0.35）和血糖（r=0.44）的变化均显著相关。结论：参加12周的生活方式干预项目可以使CVD危险因素减少，特别是在CVD“高危”个体中。HELPS TLC项目的远期效果还待进一步深入研究。  相似文献   

永久在线、永久连接:移动互联网时代的生活方式及其影响因素     

周葆华 《新闻大学》2020,(3):84-106,120

随着移动互联网的发展,"永久在线、永久连接"成为当代受众的新生活方式,也挑战了传统的受众与效果研究范式。本文从理论上阐释"永久在线、永久连接"概念,并运用一个全国性的随机抽样调查数据,首次实证描述中国受众"永久在线、永久连接"的行为与心理现状,并分析其影响因素。研究发现:移动互联网的技术可供性显著正向影响永久在线与连接行为,价格敏感、时尚国际、积极进取、稳定悠闲等生活方式对永久在线与连接具有不同方向的显著影响,错失恐惧对"永久在线、永久连接"的行为及心理均有显著的正向影响。本文在此基础上对研究的理论与实践意涵进行了讨论。  相似文献   

基于消费者低碳偏好的供应链碳减排策略     

熊榕  梁承姬  韩婷婷 《上海海事大学学报》2019,40(4):52-60

针对一个占主导地位的零售商和两个制造商(名牌产品和普通产品制造商)组成的二级供应链,考虑制造商之间的定价顺序和低碳偏好消费者对普通产品的接受度,分别构建普通产品制造商采用或不采用减排技术情景下的收益模型,得出各情景下最优零售价格和收益。研究发现:零售商选择销售哪种产品与顾客对普通产品的接受度有关;普通产品制造商的减排策略主要取决于减排成本。在相同减排策略下,若顾客对普通产品接受度较大,制造商同时定价时产品的最优零售价小于等于不同时定价时产品的最优零售价,而同时定价时制造商的最优收益大于等于不同时定价时的最优收益,因此两个制造商应同时定价以获得更大的收益。  相似文献   

两型社会建设中的低碳农业发展     

易政 《湖南广播电视大学学报》2011,(1):36-39

适应两型社会建设要求,促进节能减排必须大力发展低碳农业.发展低碳农业需要解决低碳农业技术在实践应用中的经济适用性问题.本文分析了影响经济适用性的因素,提出了相应对策建议.  相似文献   

资源型城市低碳产业体系的构建──以唐山市为例     

梅晶  任盼盼  石登荣 《唐山师范学院学报》2011,33(5):104-107

从资源、环境、社会经济等方面,分析目前唐山构建低碳产业体系面临的制约因素。产业结构内部的各产业进行低碳化建设,构建起低碳产业体系的基本框架,提出实现生态环境改善和经济发展的良性循环互动是推动低碳产业体系构建的保障措施。  相似文献   

浅析低碳校园的建设与管理   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

蒋夏宁  曹所江 《扬州大学学报(高教研究版)》2011,15(1):72-75

发展低碳经济是国家可持续发展的重大战略部署,高等学校应积极响应国家的战略号召,加快节能建筑及低碳校园建设,引导师生实现低碳校园的生活方式,引领并积极参与低碳社会、低碳城市建设。  相似文献   

论低碳经济条件下的区域可持续发展     

郭晓民 《临沂师范学院学报》2011,33(2):123-125

对于区域经济发展来说,节能减排和低碳发展是实现可持续发展的必然选择。只有通过积极发展低碳经济,才能破解重化产业发展和环境保护的根本难题。发展低碳经济,实现可持续发展,必须坚持以科学发展观为指导,树立低碳经济发展理念;发展循环经济,推进节能减排;调整优化产业结构,转变经济发展方式;加强生态建设,构建环境友好型社会。  相似文献   

福建省构建低碳城市的能源调查及建议     

吴婧 《福建工程学院学报》2011,9(3):276-284

针对日益严重的能源、资源危机和生态环境威胁,调查了福建省各区市的能源结构、能源能耗和节能减排现状,分析了福建省发展低碳经济的优劣势,认为常规能源短缺的福建省,要转变经济方式,调整产业结构,变革能源消费方式、人民生活方式,即要积极推动发展太阳能、地热、潮汐能等新能源与可再生能源,大力拓展LNG综合利用市场,不断推进清洁生产机制、企业生产清洁化、山区森林生态及生物多样性功能区建设,努力增加碳汇,才能真正构建低碳城市群。  相似文献