Impact of sports participation on mortality rates among Brazilian adults     

Bruna C. Turi-Lynch  Henrique Luiz Monteiro  Rômulo Araújo Fernandes  Xuemei Sui  Ítalo Ribeiro Lemes  Jamile Sanches Codogno 《Journal of sports sciences》2019,37(13):1443-1448

Objective: To analyze the possible dose-response association between components of sports participation (intensity, volume and previous engagement) and 4-year mortality rates among Brazilian adults.

Methods: 679 males and females (mean age among men = 66.7 ± 9.3 years old and mean age among women = 64.8 ± 8.9 years old) composed the study sample. Sports participation was assessed using Baecke’s questionnaire, which considers intensity, duration and previous engagement. Medical records were used to identify the cause of the death. Cox regression analysis was performed to determine the independent associations of exercise components and mortality.

Results: Participants that reported exercising at moderate-vigorous intensity (Moderate/vigorous: 4.1% versus None/light: 10.3% [p-value = 0.012]; HR = 0.42 [0.1 to 0.94)] and for more than four months (≥4 months: 5.3% versus <4 months: 10.2% [p-value = 0.038]; HR = 0.47 [0.24 to 0.94]) had lower mortality risk. The percentage of survival according to all-cause mortality was significantly higher for participants engaged in sports at moderate-vigorous intensity (p-value = 0.014), as well as for those engaged in sports for periods superior than four months (p-value = 0.036).

Conclusion: We found higher percentage of survival among adults engaged in sports at moderate-vigorous intensity and with at least four months of previous engagement.  相似文献   

流行病学设计性实验的教学探索     

周勇  黄晓  李军 《高教论坛》2011,(1):103-104

[目的]探索在预防医学本科流行病学实验教学的教学改革方法。[方法]在预防医学专业流行病学实验教学中开展设计性实验,包括选题、查阅文献、书写开题报告及汇报、实验的实施以及总结等步骤。并采用问卷调查的方法,对这一教学改革的效果进行调查、分析与评价。[结果]学生的多项能力均得到了显著提高。[结论]开展设计性实验促进了学生所学知识的整合与应用,使学生的学习更加积极主动,使其综合素质得到了提高。  相似文献   

Symptoms of common mental disorders and related stressors in Danish professional football and handball     

Özgür Kilic  Haruhito Aoki  Rasmus Haagensen  Claus Jensen  Urban Johnson  Gino M. M. J. Kerkhoffs 《European Journal of Sport Science》2017,17(10):1328-1334

The aim of the study was twofold, namely (i) to determine the prevalence of symptoms of common mental disorders (CMDs) among current and retired professional football and handball players and (ii) to explore the relationship of psychosocial stressors with the outcome measures under study. A total of 1155 players were enrolled in an observational study based on a cross-sectional design. Questionnaires based on validated scales were set up and distributed among current and retired professional football and handball players by the Danish football and handball players’ union. In professional football, the highest prevalence (4 weeks) of symptoms of CMDs was 18% and 19% for anxiety/depression among current and retired players, respectively. In professional handball, the highest prevalence (4 weeks) of symptoms of CMDs was 26% and 16% for anxiety/depression among current and retired players, respectively. For both the current and retired professional football and handball players, a higher number of severe injuries and recent adverse life events (LE) were related to the presence of symptoms of CMD. Players exposed to severe injuries and/or recent adverse LE were 20–50% times more likely to report symptoms of CMD. The results suggest that it is possible to recognize the population of professional athletes that are more likely to develop symptoms of CMD. This could create the opportunity to intervene preventively on athletes that suffered from severe injury and/or recent adverse LE that could lead to a faster and safer recovery and psychological readiness to return to play.  相似文献   

南宁市邕宁区慢性病流行病学调查分析报告     

康一斌  覃青青  梁志兰 《大众科技》2014,(2):71-72,76

目的:了解南宁市邕宁区慢性病现状,为南宁市邕宁区慢性病防治提供科学的参考。方法:采用问卷调查与个别访谈相结合的方法,由经过统一培训合格的调查员采用面对面的调查方式。结果:当地社区居民慢性病发病率较高,患有一种或以上的患者人数占被试者总人数的54.4%。主要的慢性病为高血压、糖尿病、冠心病、慢性支气管炎、肿瘤,患病率分别为19.2%、11.3%、8%、11%、8%,高血压是当地发病率最高的慢性病。结论:当地有关部门应积极开展疾病预防宣传工作,加强社区康复机构建设,加强社区全科医生服务团队建设,发挥中医药的重要作用,从而提高当地居民健康水平和生活质量。  相似文献   

足球运动创伤初步流行病学研究   总被引：16，自引：0，他引：16  

周捷  田得祥  任玉衡  胡跃林  敖英芳  史和福 《体育科学》1997,(6)

1991～1993年,对国内13支足球队的338名运动员进行了运动创伤的流行病学调查。结果显示:其中218人受伤;平均患病率1.48％;我国足球运动员的受伤年龄高峰段:18～23岁;43％的运动员在身体训练或专项训练中受伤;在比赛中受伤占45％;34％的运动员由急性损伤转为慢性损伤;常见运动创伤依次为膝关节半月板损伤(患病率12.1％),其次为踝关节外侧韧带损伤(患病率10.5％),髌腱腱围炎(患病率9.3％),运动创伤的治愈率很低。  相似文献   

大学生课余训练中运动损伤流行病学调查及对策研究     

唐学军 《辽宁体育科技》2011,33(4):47-49

通过文献资料法、问卷调查法、访谈法、数理统计法,对辽宁中医药大学7个项目92名校代表队学生的运动损伤情况进行调查与统计分析,并与10名教练员探讨其特点与原因。针对运动损伤发生的原因从教练员与运动员的不同角度提出运动损伤的预防对策,以期减少运动损伤的发生,为高校业余训练科学化提供参考。  相似文献   

世界优秀篮球运动员运动损伤的流行病学研究     

白银龙  柳景 《体育成人教育学刊》2012,28(5):43-45

运用数理统计等方法对NBA球员运动损伤进行分析,研究表明：NBA篮球运动员运动损伤率排名依次为后卫、前锋、中锋;各部位运动损伤次数依次为脚踝、膝盖、背部等,以拉伤、扭伤为主;各位置球员运动损伤部位差异显著;损伤与运动员年龄、比赛年限相关;高龄球员重复损伤高于年轻球员。建议：按球员位置制定运动损伤预防方案;加强易伤部位训练;合理安排老队员上场时间;积极开展运动员思想教育。  相似文献   

优秀中国式摔跤运动员运动损伤流行病学调查及对策研究     

孙强  沈时明 《吉林体育学院学报》2010,26(2):141-143

通过文献资料法、问卷调查法、专家访谈法、数理统计法对2008年中国式摔跤冠军赛中5支中国跤队44名运动员的运动损伤情况进行调查与统计分析,并与10名中国跤教练员探讨其特点与原因。针对损伤的原因从教练员和运动员的不同角度提出中国跤运动损伤的预防对策,以期减少运动损伤的发生,为中国跤科学化训练提供一定的参考。  相似文献   

中国优秀乒乓球运动员运动损伤特点分析   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

尚清华  尚学东  鲁智勇  李伟  张乐伟 《成都体育学院学报》2012,38(5):83-86

目的:通过对国家乒乓球队80名乒乓球运动员的流行病调查,对主要伤病类型和受伤原因进行总结分析,并提出切实可行的防治对策及建议。方法:采用运动损伤调查问卷和临床检查等方法进行流行病学调查,并结合项目实践对结果进行分析。结果:共发现运动损伤70例(120人次),损伤病种52种,患病率为87.5%。乒乓球运动主要损伤部位是腰、膝和肩,分别为25%,20%和17.5%。主要损伤类型是肌损伤20%、韧带伤18%和末端病16%。最为常见的乒乓球损伤病种为肩袖损伤、腰肌劳损和膝脂肪垫炎,分别为10%、10%和5%。统计分析了不同技战术打法的运动损伤率,最高的是直拍单面拉弧圈球的打法。乒乓球运动损伤的主要原因为局部劳损、运动疲劳和肌肉力量不足等。建议合理安排身体局部负荷,提高准备活动和整理活动的质量,针对不同技战术打法制定不同身体训练方案,以减少损伤。  相似文献   

Position statement: Testing physical condition in a population – how good are the methods?     

《European Journal of Sport Science》2013,13(5):257-267

Abstract

A poor physical condition – expressed as physical inactivity and poor physical fitness – is associated with the development of chronic diseases and premature death. Our aim was to evaluate the methods currently available for measuring physical activity and physical fitness in the general population.

Physical activity is determined by duration, frequency, and intensity and derives from many different domains, making it difficult to assess over long periods and no feasible general criterion measure exists. Both objective and subjective methods are available. Of the objective methods, accelerometry is the most attractive technology, and is well enough developed for general use in large populations. The advantage of accelerometry is that it is not dependent on the memory of the individual, but its main disadvantage is that it grossly underestimates energy expenditure, due to the lack of registration of certain activities. This may be overcome to a certain extent by combining accelerometry with heart rate monitoring, although this still does not measure activity in different domains. Of the subjective methods, self-report questionnaires are inexpensive and easy to administer. Many questionnaires have been developed, but we require (1) consensus on which measures to use for validation and (2) further development of internationally standardized questionnaires for use in different settings and to address different scientific questions. Many questionnaires correlate well with biological markers and development of chronic diseases, but subjective measurement will always entail a certain degree of misclassification. Furthermore, unstructured physical activity such as housework and gardening may be subject to recall bias. No method appears better to any other, and the choice of instrument will depend on the research question being asked. Future research should combine information from both objective and subjective methods.

Physical fitness comprises several components, including cardiorespiratory endurance and muscle strength and endurance. Direct measurement of oxygen consumption is the criterion measure for cardiorespiratory endurance. As regards muscle strength and endurance, only test–retest reliability is available. Hand-held dynamometers greatly facilitate field testing for maximal isometric muscle strength assessment, while force plate measurements can be used for the lower extremities. For endurance, simple tests such as push-ups and sit-ups are reliable.  相似文献