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运用文献资料、问卷调查、数理统计等方法，对西安市部分高校学生参加余暇体育活动的动机、活动方式、时间、场地器材以及影响大学生参加余暇体育的因素等情况进行调查与分析。结果显示：西安市高校学生余暇体育活动呈现出健身、社交、娱乐等多元化特征，且已成为学校体育教学的延续和补充，并对现代教育教学改革提供了一定的参考。 相似文献
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浙江发达地区民营企业职工余暇体育活动调查与分析 总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9
调查了温州、杭州、宁波、台州4市民营企业部分职工参与余暇体育活动的情况，结果显示：职工余暇体育活动意识不强，条件不成熟，经费、场地、余暇时间都不充足、不配套，职工参加余暇体育活动的动机与一般群众有一定的差距，余暇时间多用在看书报、电视上；职工参加余暇体育活动存在区域特色，主要集中在有影响的竞技体育、民族传统体育、实用性体育及休闲娱乐体育上。 相似文献
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江西省大学生余暇体育活动的现状与对策 总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9
运用文献资料、问卷调查等研究方法,分析了江西省大学生余暇体育活动现状。研究发现：大学生参加余暇体育活动的主动性不足;活动空间以学校体育场馆为主;活动内容向娱乐化方向倾斜。提出高校应树立整体的学校体育思想,建立积极的余暇体育消费观,加大对体育场馆、设施方面的资金投入,突出大学生社团在余暇体育活动中的主导地位等发展对策。 相似文献
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西安高校学生余暇体育现状的调查与分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
韩鹏伟 《西安体育学院学报》2002,(Z1)
采用问卷调查法,对西安市高校学生余暇体育现状调查分析。结果表明,大学生参加余暇体育的主要动机是追求身心健康;参加的时间与次数较少,喜欢的运动项目是娱乐性强的球类项目;活动场所主要是学校体育场馆;影响参加余暇体育的主要因素是功课重设时间和缺少场地器材。 相似文献
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鄂豫皖老区群众余暇体育活动现状调查与分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
采用文献资料、问卷调查、访谈、实地研究等方法，对鄂豫皖老区群众余暇时间的支配方式、活动内容、活动形式、设施与场所、活动动机及影响余暇体育活动的主、客观因素等进行分析，从加快老区经济发展，提高群众余暇体育活动意识，加强学校体育与社会体育的互动，完善开发体育场地，增强政府对群众余暇体育活动组织、引导和监督职能，加大社会体育指导力量的培养等方面提出相应对策和建议。 相似文献
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从余暇健身班的作用看高校的“体育开发” 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
本文通过对参加余暇健身班的95级专科新生的抽样调查,看到了以教研室为单位,集体开办余暇健身班所起的作用。要发展高校体育,实施全民健身计划,把体育推向市场。通过开办多种余暇健身班,开放各种体育场馆,调动教师的积极性,把无偿劳动变有偿劳动,从而稳定教师队伍。随着人民生活水平的提高,高校学生大多数也具备了参加各种余暇健身班活动的经济能力。 相似文献
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体育游戏：人类余暇活动的主要内容和最佳形式──兼论体育游戏之实质 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
通过对体育游戏的特点、实质以及人们对余暇活动的选择等因素的阐释，论述体育游戏是人类余暇活动的主要内容和最佳形式。文章提出：体育游戏作为人类余暇活动的主要内容，具有悠久的历史渊源和一定的理论基础；随着社会的发展和进步，在我国已初步具备广泛开展体育游戏的主客现条件；从世纪之交到下一世纪，这将是大众体育发展的必然走向。 相似文献
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汪英 《体育成人教育学刊》2007,23(3):68-69
大学生的余暇体育活动是大学生活的重要组成部分,影响大学生余暇体育的因素多种多样,主观因素是体育兴趣和爱好;其次是运动技能水平的掌握。客观因素是学校体育的运动氛围;其次是体育场地设施。学校体育的管理者应创造良好的体育健身环境,激发广大学生参加余暇体育活动的热情。 相似文献
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This study examined the effect of carbohydrate ingestion on metabolic and performance-related responses during and after a simulated 1h cycling time trial. Eight trained male cyclists (VO 2 peak = 66.5ml kg -1 min -1 ) rode their own bicycles mounted on a windload simulator to imitate real riding conditions. At a self-selected maximal pace, the cyclists performed two 1h rides (separated by 7 days) and were fed either an 8% carbohydrate or placebo solution. The beverages were administered 25 min before (4.5ml kg -1 ) and at the end (4.5ml kg -1 ) of the ride. With carbohydrate feeding, plasma glucose tended (P = 0.21) to rise before the time trial. Compared with rest, the plasma glucose concentration decreased significantly (P < 0.05) at the end of both rides, with no statistically significant difference being observed between treatments. Thereafter, plasma glucose increased significantly (P < 0.05) at 15 and 30 min into recovery, and was significantly higher at 30 min during the carbohydrate trial compared with the placebo trial. No significant changes in plasma free fatty acids were observed during the ride. However, a significant increase (P < 0.05) in free fatty acids was found at 15 and 30 min into recovery, with no difference between trials. Mean power output was significantly (P < 0.05) greater during the carbohydrate compared with the placebo trial (mean - S.E.: 277-3 and 269-3W, respectively). The greater distance covered in the carbohydrate compared with the placebo trial (41.5-1.06 and 41.0–1.06km, respectively; P < 0.05) was equivalent to a 44s improvement. We conclude that pre-exercise carbohydrate ingestion significantly increases endurance performance in trained cyclists during a 1h simulated time trial. Although the mechanism for this enhancement in performance with carbohydrate ingestion cannot be surmised from the present results, it could be related to a higher rate of carbohydrate oxidation, or to favourable effects of carbohydrate ingestion on the central component of fatigue. 相似文献
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Roy J. Shephard 《Journal of sports sciences》2013,31(7):603-620
The biology and medicine of rowing are briefly reviewed. Effort in a 2000 -m race is about 70% aerobic. Because the boat (and in some instances a cox) must be propelled, successful competitors are very tall, with a large lean mass and aerobic power. Large hearts may lead to erroneous diagnoses of a cardiomyopathy. Large respiratory minute volumes must be developed by chest muscles that are also involved in rowing. The vital capacity is typically large, and breathing becomes entrained. Expiration cannot be slowed relative to inspiration (as normally occurs at high rates of ventilation) and the limiting flow velocity may be reached, with the potential for airway collapse. Performance is strongly related to the power output at the ‘anaerobic threshold’, and lactate measures provide a guide to an appropriate intensity of endurance training. Peak blood lactate levels are higher in males (commonly 11–19 mmol·l -1 and occasionally as high as 25 mmol·l -1) than in females (9–11 mmol·l -1), probably because males have a greater muscle mass in relation to blood volume. The skeletal muscles are predominantly slow twitch in type, developing an unusual force and power at low contraction velocities. Many rowers have a suboptimal diet, eating excessive amounts of fat. Lightweight rowers also have problems of weight cycling. Aerobic power and muscle endurance often change by 10% over the season, but such fluctuations can be largely avoided by a well-designed winter training programme. Injuries include back and knee problems, tenosynovitis of the wrist and, since the introduction of large blades, fractures of the costae. 相似文献
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许良 《体育科技文献通报》2011,19(2):1-4
基于1985、1995和2005年全国学生体质调研数据,对各时期我国城乡学生形态、机能、体能发展水平进行系统地定量研究,动态分析20年全国城乡学生体质发展的特点与规律。主要研究结果：（1）近20年城乡学生生长发育持续提前,城市学生各项形态指标生长水平高于乡村,身高城乡差距缩小,体重、胸围城乡差距加大;（2）城市学生肺活量水平高于乡村,城乡学生肺活量20年持续下降,前10年乡村学生下降快、后10年城市学生下降快;（3）乡村学生800m、1000m跑水平高于城市,城市女生50m跑、仰卧起坐水平高于乡村,其他素质城乡学生水平波动较大;（4）城市女生50m跑20年持续下降,城乡学生800m和1000m跑、城市学生50m×8往返跑20年加速下降,其他素质20年间有增有降发展极不平稳。 相似文献
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采用测量、问卷调查、数理统计等方法,分析定向运动学习前后对大学生身心健康的影响.结果经T检验和x2检验且表明：定向运动不仅能增强学生体质健康水平,而且有助于学生的情绪调节,增强自信心与创新意识,培养勇敢顽强的意志品质,建立良好的人际关系,能有效地促进学生身心健康发展.为了全面提高大学生整体素质,积极实践,构建定向运动课内外一体化教学模式,进行定向运动课程模块化教学,以满足学生的多元化需求. 相似文献
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Alan M. Nevill Roger L. Holder Andrew Bardsley Helen Calvert Stephen Jones 《Journal of sports sciences》2013,31(4):437-443
A regression analysis of competitors' tournament results in relation to their world rankings was proposed to identify the effect of home advantage in international ‘grand-slam’ tennis and ‘major’ golf tournaments. The results provided little evidence of home advantage in either the grand-slam tennis or the golf tournaments held in 1993. The only possible evidence of home advantage was found in the Wimbledon tennis and the US Open golf championships. Even these findings can be explained, at least partially, by (1) the availability of information concerning the low world rankings of the British tennis players competing at Wimbledon, and (2) selective entry, allowing only the world's top-ranked foreign golfers into the US open golf tournament. In both cases, the lower ranking home competitors have a greater opportunity to perform above their anticipated world rankings. Therefore, provided entry into tennis and golf tournaments is truly ‘open’ to both the host nation's representatives and foreign competitors alike, home advantage does not appear to be a major factor influencing the competitors' performance in such competitions. These findings may be explained by the relatively objective nature of the scoring systems used in tennis and golf, unlike the subjective influence of refereeing decisions on the results of team-games such as soccer. 相似文献
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曲爱宁 《体育科技文献通报》2007,15(8):97-98
柔韧素质是健美操专业学生的专项素质之一,通过对普通高校健美操专业学生分组对照进行柔韧性训练的实验研究,认为对训练肌群辅以按摩器振颤刺激,可大大提高柔韧性训练效果。 相似文献
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我国城市体育自然环境建设与发展的研究 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
采用实地调查研究、理性思维研究和文献资料调研等方法对主要问题进行了专门研究，提出了进行城市体育场所区域生态功能区划、设计体育生态功能区布局的方案、做好体育场所绿色环境系统规划、制定体育场所生态与绿地管理措施等基本观点，提出了若干城市体育自然环境建设与发展的对策。 相似文献
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重新认识体育的社会关联 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
体育与政治之间存在一个悖论，体育的发展与经济实力之间没有直线相关，体育与教育部分重叠，体育与宗教最为近缘，体育可借用科学手段，体育的艺术禀性日益明显，体育与养生反映着两种人生观。 相似文献