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1.
《普罗米修斯》2012,30(3):231-251
Much electronic commerce literature addresses the potential existence of digital divides between different classes of users. While many studies document users reported perceptions of disadvantage or cite infrastructure availability benchmarks, few studies quantify the extent of such divides in actual uptake and usage of electronic communications tools. This study seeks to quantify the extent of perceived rural-urban digital divides among businesses in New Zealand. Yellow Pages business register data are analysed to determine business uptake of e-mail and websites by location. The results challenge conventional perceptions of disadvantage on the basis of geography alone. Indeed, some provincial areas demonstrate higher uptake of business e-mail than their urban counterparts. Smaller and more remote provincial centre businesses are more likely to be using e-mail than their counterparts closer to the metropolitan centres. Those centres most remote from New Zealand's traditional commercial centre demonstrate higher uptake than those closer. Explanations based upon disadvantages such as poor telephony infrastructure appear inadequate in accounting for these observations. Rather, we contend that while infrastructure may play some part in the explanation for low rural hinterland uptake, the results of this study are consistent with economic determinations of the optimal time to invest in new technologies. Specifically, higher provincial and rural communication costs are a significant factor in encouraging higher and earlier levels of provincial and rural e-mail adoption, and the optimal time to invest in website adoption depends more upon firm size, local economic conditions and product than infrastructure quality and business location. 相似文献
2.
Charles Steinfield Robert LaRose Han Ei Chew Stephanie Tom Tong 《The Information Society》2013,29(2):110-120
This study examines the relationships between information and communication technologies (ICT) usage, the benefits a company derives from membership in a rural business cluster, and the success of rural companies. Analysis of 333 rural businesses located in northern lower Michigan showed a strong relationship between (a) ICT adoption and benefits derived from the membership in business clusters, (b) ICT adoption and self-reported business success, and (c) benefits derived from business clusters and business success. Although analysis indicates that these relationships may be industry specific, results suggest that ICT adoption by rural enterprises may have advantages for the region's social capital and business success and may help reduce the digital divide experienced in rural communities. 相似文献
3.
Our study aims at shedding light on the innovative business strategies in the software sector and understanding better the economics that underlies the supply of Open Source Software (OSS). We use survey data collected from 170 Finnish software companies to investigate how different properties of software firms, such as size, age, intellectual capital, absorptive capacity, and ownership structure affect their decisions to base their business strategies on OSS supply or proprietary distribution of products and services.Our empirical findings indicate that the adoption of technologically advanced strategies requiring complex legal and managerial knowledge, such as the OSS supply strategy, demands relatively highly educated employees. The support for and development of an education system providing highly skilled people from different fields are essential for the firms’ successful adoption of innovative business strategies. We also find that market entrants have largely driven the OSS adoption, but there are no significant age-related differences in the adoption behavior of incumbent software firms. 相似文献
4.
企业提高自身利用咨询服务素养的问题研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
在越来越多的企业转向咨询公司寻求新的管理技能、管理理念和管理工具的背景下,企业如何提高辨别力,现实地认识咨询公司的能力,恰当地从外部汲取管理建议和解决方案,已经成为学术界必须关注的课题。本文探讨了企业如何正确地认识管理咨询的本质,并提出了从认知、制度、能力、行为四个方面来提高企业利用外来咨询服务的素养,即以批判的精神寻求、选择、使用、管理和评估自身所必需的咨询服务的能力。 相似文献
5.
The concept of open innovation captures the increasing propensity of firms to work across their traditional boundaries of operation. This phenomenon has largely been studied from the viewpoint of manufacturing businesses while services have received much less attention despite the predominant role they play in advanced economies. This paper focuses on open innovation in services, both as a subsector of the economy and as a component of the activities of manufacturing firms. We study the open innovation practices of business services firms and then consider the implications for open innovation of the adoption of a service inclusive business model by manufacturing firms. Our analyses are based on a unique dataset with information on open innovation activities amongst UK firms. Overall, engagement in open innovation increases with firm size and R&D expenditure. Business services are more active open innovators than manufacturers; they are more engaged in informal relative to formal open innovation practices than manufacturers; and they attach more importance to scientific and technical knowledge than to market knowledge compared to manufacturing firms. Open innovation practices are also associated with the adoption of a service inclusive business model in manufacturing firms and service-integrated manufacturers engage in more informal knowledge-exchange activities. The paper contributes towards a reconceptualisation of open innovation in service businesses and a deeper evidence-based understanding of the service economy. 相似文献
6.
从企业战略管理角度讲,企业采取积极、成熟的公关战略是适应市场竞争的需要,是在我国加入WTO后,国内企业在激烈的国际市场竞争中实现扬长避短、战胜危机的需要。为此,文章从企业战略的高度分析了企业组建公关战略系统的必要性和可能性。在此基础上探讨了这一战略系统的基本结构框架,并引入了公关信息系统和网络公关等新概念。最后,文章还讨论了公关战略的实施与控制。 相似文献
7.
《The Journal of High Technology Management Research》2023,34(2):100465
Businesses have begun using IT apps for a variety of reasons in recent years. The rapid advancement of new technologies has opened up vast prospects for businesses to digitise their operations, enhance their use of information systems, and compete more effectively in the global marketplace. Information technology (IT) businesses can benefit greatly from Big Data analytics due to the depth and breadth of their data analysis. Big data can be used to examine IT departments in the following ways: performance analysis, forecast maintenance, security analysis, and resource analysis. When it comes to boosting their business's dependability, speed, quality, and effectiveness, most companies rely on big data. Companies can gain a competitive edge thanks to the massive amounts of data that big data is able to collect, store, and manage. Big data analytics is being used by a growing number of businesses to make sense of their mountain of data. In this paper, we examine the ways in which IBM, TCS, and Cognizant use big data within their operations. Long-term planning strategies and business intelligence practises are also suggested in this research as means of protecting personal information. 相似文献
8.
构架企业公关信息系统的探讨与分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
从企业战略管理角度讲,企业采取积极、成熟的公关战略是适应市场竞争的需要,是在我国加入WTO后,国内企业在激烈的国际市场竞争中实现扬长避短、战胜危机的需要。而构架合理、高效的公关信息系统又是顺利实施企业公关战略的重要一环。为此,本文分析了企业公关信息系统的开发背景、系统设计、总体结构及其意义。 相似文献
9.
Small businesses face numerous issues in regard to the management of their knowledge, including potential loss of knowledge due to high employee turnover and the willingness and ability of employees to share their knowledge. This case study examines two small ICT companies in Vietnam to determine how knowledge transfer was conducted with and without the use of ICT. A knowledge transfer framework for small businesses was used as a lens to analyse the results. The findings showed differences in knowledge transfer approaches in both cases. It was observed that employees whose jobs required less flexibility needed more explicit knowledge, but if their working procedures were more flexible they were more likely to need tacit knowledge. Tacit knowledge was mainly transferred by non-ICT methods, with explicit knowledge being transferred via a combination of methods. The cases differed in regard to the existence of knowledge transfer guidelines – as well as the willingness and ability of employees to share knowledge with others in the business. Both case businesses lacked appropriate measures to determine the level of success of knowledge transfer activities. 相似文献
10.
This paper reports on a survey of 221 web sites chosen at random from a subset of the .co.uk area of the Internet. A breakdown of the types of business represented shows that whilst computing companies continue to have a sizeable presence on the web, certain other types of business now also have a relatively large number of sites. The survey found many media-related businesses and professional-based companies and practices, reflecting the increasing use of Information Technology in these areas but also the increasing knowledge about the Internet that is needed or helpful in many types of job. The results are consistent with general business use of the web in the UK still being in an experimental phase of web site creation by those who can rather than by those who should. 相似文献
11.
京郊不同城市功能区农村居民点用地集约度的比较研究 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
选择北京市海淀区、顺义区和平谷区三个处于不同城市功能区和经济发展水平的典型区县,采用单因素目标比较法和多因素综合评价法,从用地强度、用地结构和用地布局三个方面进行农村居民点用地集约度的测算,然后比较分析了研究区之间农村居民点用地集约度的区域性差异及其影响因素,并为加快首都郊区新农村建设和城乡统筹发展提出合理化建议。结果表明,北京市农村居民点用地集约度存在着区域差异,在综合集约度上,海淀区>顺义区>平谷区,这与区域宏观的区位条件和经济发展水平相一致,但差异性表现不显著;在分项集约度上,农村居民点用地集约度的区域差异显著,但具体表现有所不同,由宏观区位条件和小尺度微观因素综合作用所致。加强农村居民点用地规划与布局调整、加快企业用地向工业园区转移和提高农村居民点用地容积率应是今后北京市不同城市功能区新农村建设的主要内容。 相似文献
12.
中国重点农区农村空心化的特征、机制与调控——以河南省郸城县为例 总被引：6，自引：1，他引：6
以黄淮海平原南端的郸城县为例,利用157个农户、63个村干部的问卷调查数据和深度访谈资料,以及村级农业普查数据、县域遥感影像资料及各类统计年鉴数据,分析了我国重点农区农村空心化的基本特征、形成机制和调控策略。研究认为：①产业空心化、基建空心化、人口空心化和宅地空心化是农村空心化的四个主要特征;②农村空心化的形成可理解为特定城乡地域系统内城乡二元制度体系作用于农村“自然-生态-社会-经济”系统而产生的一种不良演化结果,资源禀赋与地理区位是其资源环境诱因、历史基础与社会文化是其社会经济诱因、城乡二元制度体系是其外源性制度原因,而不同维度农村空心化之间的非线性交互作用也不可忽视;③农村空心化调控的核心目标与路径应当是以健全的制度为前提、以完备的市场为导向、以当地的农民为主体,逐步实现乡村资源的优化配置和内生发展能力的稳步提升,科学推进农村土地综合整治可为其搭建新平台。 相似文献
13.
制造业企业究竟是怎样成功选择适合自身发展需要的特定服务化战略的?其服务化战略的成功选择需要何种企业能力?既往研究对此没有做出说服性的解释。本文以三家服务化战略成功转型的传统制造企业作为研究对象,运用扎根理论研究的程序与方法以深入剖析所选案例企业,发掘出"支持顾客行为的服务提供"、"支持顾客产品的服务提供"、"顾客知识获取能力"、"顾客服务操作能力"、"制造业服务化绩效"五个范畴以及范畴之间的逻辑关系,并由此构建了制造业服务化战略生成逻辑与作用机制的理论模型。我们发现,制造业企业特定服务化战略的选择并不是企业随身所欲的经济行为,它是受企业特定的内外部环境条件、自身业务属性和顾客业务需求特征等因素共同作用而成的结果。同时,理论模型也表明:制造业服务化绩效的获取和改善与制造企业开发或培植与服务化战略性质保持相对匹配的特定企业能力存在有密切关系。 相似文献
14.
《Information processing & management》2022,59(5):103055
In recent years, Startups are new concepts in the tech world and are meant to be temporary organizations designed to find a repeatable, scalable business model, while offering a new solution to the problem. What matters most about the success of startups is the right and reasonable targeting. This is something that is usually overlooked by a large percentage of such businesses, causing them to fail within a short period of time. Production of new product or service delivery is not possible without planning. The purpose of this study is to look deeper into how startups should identify and prioritize issues and problems when launching a new product or service. First, startups and subject-related businesses reviewed and then novel and emerging issues, including the status of data mining on startups' performance, the topics of Business Intelligence (BI), innovation and networked learning, and also their role in startups business discussed. Results showed that BI can provide a competitive advantage to startups. With this in mind, these businesses may adapt to the diverse needs of customers in the market and continue to survive, as well as gain greater market share over their competitors. Further, employing technology tools helps companies make their data available seamlessly or securely and by analyzing it, giving managers a better way of making decisions. According to the hypotheses, it was found that BI as a powerful tool in the field of information technology, creates a competitive advantage and it is necessary for start-up managers to accept this tool. 相似文献
15.
利用2003~2014年1199家制造业上市公司数据,实证发现家族企业与非家族企业在长期投资强度上不存在显著差异,但家族企业的长期投资较非家族企业更加平滑;基于偏差校正的百分位Bootstrap法,进一步发现投资平滑度可以解释家族企业的绩效形成.这说明家族企业的长期导向更体现在资源投入的平滑度而不是数量上,而投资平滑度构成了家族企业绩效形成的中介. 相似文献
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17.
基于服务化和商业模式理论,构建服务化战略、商业模式创新及企业绩效三者之间的理论模型。以我国236家实施服务化转型的制造企业为样本,进行实证检验。研究结果表明：产品导向的服务化战略对企业绩效具有显著的正向影响,客户导向的服务化战略对企业绩效的影响则呈U型曲线关系;商业模式创新在服务化战略影响企业绩效关系中起部分中介作用。研究从商业模式创新视角揭示了服务化战略对企业绩效的影响路径,拓展了服务化战略与企业绩效的关系理论,并对实施服务化战略的制造企业通过商业模式创新来提升企业绩效提供了理论指导。 相似文献
18.
快速城镇化进程中不同类型农户弃耕特点及原因——基于重庆市十区县540 户农户调查 总被引：17，自引：1，他引：16
运用参与式农村评估法、Logistic分析法,基于农户兼业活动探讨不同类型农户弃耕特点及原因,为破解生态脆弱的贫困地区农地资源低效利用问题提供参考。结果表明：①重庆市农户兼业普遍,根据非农收入比重、劳动力配置状况和生计策略,将农户划分为纯农户、I兼农户和II兼农户;②农户耕地转出行为普遍,无偿转出比重偏高。II兼农户弃耕及有偿转出比重均最高,与I兼衣户相比,纯农户耕地转出的户数多,但转出面积少且多为无偿转出;旱地撂荒较水田普遍,撂荒的多为地块破碎、耕作条件差的地块;③由于家庭成员年龄偏老、劳动能力偏弱等的局限,纯农户会放弃对区位偏远、零星分散地块的耕种;I兼农户更关注土地经济收益,将资本投入到耕作条件好的地块;II兼农户主要基于收益最大化原则,倾向于将要素投入到非农产业,有偿转出耕地。研究认为,根据不同类型农户弃耕特点及原因制定相应政策措施来引导其土地利用行为,是整合区域土地资源、提高农地利用效率的有效途径。 相似文献
19.
《International Journal of Information Management》2017,37(6):639-649
Cloud computing providers and their software-as-a-service offerings have become more profuse and mature, making cloud technology an increasingly important platform for business services innovation. Although the cloud offers rich opportunities for transforming businesses—innovating existing services and introducing creative new ones—it also involves risks that business managers must identify and resolve to successfully drive innovation efforts. However, no comprehensive models are available to help managers assess and mitigate the risks they face. To address this void, we reviewed extant literature on cloud computing from a business innovation perspective to uncover the myriad challenges managers confront as they seek to leverage cloud technology in the ongoing transformation of their organization’s service offerings. Combining this systematic literature analysis with relevant theory, we synthesized an integrated model for managing risk during innovation of cloud-based business services. The model identifies three types of risks (services, technology, and process risks) and four types of resolutions (stakeholder engagement, technology development, innovation planning, and innovation control). The model also helps managers identify their organization’s general risk profile and link that profile to a specific configuration of resolutions. 相似文献
20.
利用遥感手段,以低廉的成本有效获取包括居民地在内的地表信息是促使卫星遥感数据转化为现实生产力的根本所在,也是遥感应用领域中亟待解决的重要课题。目前虽然已有＂空间分辨率越高,遥感分类精度也越高＂的共性认识,但是遥感影像空间分辨率的不同对于城镇和乡村这两种不同类型的居民地信息提取产生怎样的影响等,目前尚无明确答案。本文首先以同一区域不同空间分辨率的4种卫星遥感影像数据为信息源,定性探讨居民地在不同分辨率遥感影像上的表现特征;然后以两种不同分辨率的影像ALOS和TM为实验对象,对这两种影像上城镇和乡村居民地信息提取精度进行比较分析。结果显示：虽然基于10m-ALOS影像的居民地信息提取精度较30m-TM影像约提高6.09%,并且无论是依据哪一种空间分辨率的遥感影像,城镇居民地的信息提取精度都明显高于乡村居民地,但是,对于分散式分布的乡村居民地,遥感影像空间分辨率的下降令其遥感识别更容易受到周边环境的影响,其信息提取精度会随着遥感影像空间分辨率的增加而显著提高;相比之下,城镇居民地的信息提取精度随遥感影像空间分辨率增加的趋势是有限的。造成这一现象的原因主要在于虽然居民地的轮廓清晰性以及像元的纯净度都与遥感影像的空间分辨率基本上呈正相关,但是空间分辨率的提高会放大居民地内部结构的细节,从而对居民地的遥感识别与信息提取工作增加一些干扰性的噪声信息。 相似文献