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《技术与创新管理》2018,(6)
产业集群已成为各国、各地区转变经济增长方式和拉动经济增长的重要引擎,产业集群管理创新服务对产业集群快速发展有重要作用。产业集群管理创新服务体系作为一种引进高级生产要素的重要渠道,其建设水平直接影响集群管理创新服务水平。在梳理产业集群管理服务体系相关研究基础上,界定了产业集群管理创新服务体系的功能,确立了建设基于网络的产业集群协同平台、开展产业集群诊断与决策咨询服务以及开展技术转移协同管理服务等功能;提出了产业集群管理创新服务体系应包括核心层、紧密层和松散层三个层级,并对产业集群管理服务体系构成要素进行分析。在此基础上,构建了涵盖政府、服务型企业、高校、科研院所、中介机构及其他社会团体的动态的社会化服务网络系统,明确了服务体系构成要素与管理创新服务业务之间的对应关系;确立了以多元化投资为主体的企业化经营、市场化运作和网络化组织的运作方式;提出了包括合作伙伴选择机制、体系运作的激励机制、约束机制和协作机制等体系运作机制,以及服务流程,为产业集群管理创新服务体系的建设提供了方法。 相似文献
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硅谷作为美国创新能力最强的高新技术产业集群,孕育了有利于创业公司和科技服务业协同发展的创新生态系统。硅谷创新生态系统运行机制体现为,大企业和初创企业共生的学习竞争机制,形成能够在“开放式创新”和“知识产权保护”之间实现良好平衡的企业集群;大学、行业、政府多向互动交流机制,以区域科技联盟为平台的协作机制,以小企业为核心的科技服务网络运行机制和联邦政府的法律规范引导机制。硅谷创新生态系统对我国城市群和区域产业集群创新生态系统构建有重要的启示意义。 相似文献
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《中国科技论坛》2021,(3)
互联网平台企业主导的创新生态系统作为"互联网+"战略背景下最活跃的创新生态系统类型,其演进过程中任何一个阶段出现风险都有可能影响整个创新生态系统持续健康发展。本文在互联网平台企业主导的创新生态系统演化阶段特征分析基础上,将创新生态系统演化分为平台构建、平台治理及平台变革与发展三个阶段,这三个阶段对应面临的主要风险有产业基础技术选择风险、合作伙伴选择风险以及变革风险。根据创新生态系统演化过程中各阶段存在的风险,通过建立产业技术基础标准化机制以及互惠性利益共享机制和严格的淘汰机制来规避风险。此外,平台主导企业还可以有效利用外部环境因素,采取前摄行为来实现创新生态系统的风险规避。 相似文献
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基于Lotka-Voterra模型的光伏产业生态创新系统演化路径的仿生学研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
以可再生能源的典型代表光伏产业发展为例,借鉴产业生态学的理念,通过引入生态学中的Lotka-Volterra竞争捕食者模型,模拟研究了中国光伏产业生态系统的演化路径.首先详细阐述了光伏产业生态创新系统中生物成分与非生物成分之间的相互关系,并借鉴自然生态系统中复制、竞合与重组机制,分析了这三种机制对光伏产业生态创新系统的影响.然后,根据Lotka-Volterra模型的推理,得到系统的稳态平衡点.研究表明,中国光伏产业生态系统的演化主要有两个方向:后向捕食战略和前向捕食战略.在此基础上,提出光伏产业发展应改变原来仅考虑自身发展的单向思维模式,而转向各物种协调平衡发展的系统思维模式. 相似文献
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搭建创新平台提高传统产业集群竞争力--以我国纺织服装产业集群为例 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
分析了我国产业集群的发展状况,阐述了科技创新与产业集群发展之间的关系,通过总结纺织服装产业集群的实践,提出了我国传统产业集群创新平台的模型及运作模式。 相似文献
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针对现代信息服务产业集群发展存在的信息共享不足、信息流动不畅、协同机制缺乏等问题,从信息生态系统的视角考察其协同运营的机制与商业模式,以强化现代信息服务产业集群中的信息人、信息环境的整合、互动、共享和协同等机制为基础,构建一种基于信息生态系统观的现代信息服务产业集群协同创新发展模式的基本框架。这种以信息流为中心,将资金流、物流、业务流、价值流等集成一体化的协同模式,有利于提高这一产业集群中信息与知识的共享、开发与利用效能,强化价值创造、实现和共享的意愿和能力。通过实例表明,此模式为现代信息服务业的一体化协同创新发展提供了一种新的、可资借鉴的参考模式与实现途径,从而促进现代信息服务产业集群的健康可持续发展。 相似文献
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基于三重螺旋模型的旅游产业集群创新系统研究 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
我国旅游产业集群在创新方面存在整体创新能力低、创新网络结构松散和创新环境差等问题.在三重螺旋模型的基础上,构建旅游产业集群创新系统,通过"官产学"三方协调和系统运作,可以较好地解决这些问题,进而提升我国旅游产业集群的创新能力和竞争力. 相似文献
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通过四家产业集群企业的案例研究,本文考察了技术学习惯例在外部知识获取策略与企业创新绩效之间的中介作用机制。研究发现:技术学习惯例强度在深度优先的外部知识获取策略影响企业技术创新绩效的机制中起中介作用,技术学习惯例多样性在广度优先的外部知识获取策略影响企业技术创新绩效的机制中起中介作用。论文工作深化了对产业集群企业内部技术学习行为和创新过程的理解,拓展了组织惯例领域的实证研究。 相似文献
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综合产业集群、港口物流产业集群、港口物流园区、港口供应链和柔性供应链的基础理论及港口自身特点,提出基于产业集群模式的港口物流柔性供应链的概念,并从供应链运作理念、结构以及运行流程三个方面构建基于产业集群模式的港口物流柔性供应链运作机制。 相似文献
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《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):2-3
CAS should stick to the principle of rendering service to, and giving impetus for, the development of China＇s science enterprise by making S＆T innovations, said CAS President LU Yongxiang. The CAS president made the remarks in a recent talk to communicate the gist of the winter session of the Party＇s Leading-member Group at CAS, which was held from 7 to 11 January in Beijing. 相似文献
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Marjorie Armstrong-Stassen Margaret Landstrom Ramona Lumpkin 《The Information Society》1998,14(2):153-164
This study examined how students who had no prior experience with videoconferencing would react to the use of videoconferencing as an instructional medium. Students enrolled in seven different courses completed a questionnaire at the beginning of the semester and again at the end of the semester. Students at the origination and remote sites did not differ in their reactions toward videoconferencing but there was a significant difference for gender. Women reacted less favorably to videoconferencing. Compared to the beginning of the semester, students reported significantly less positive attitudes toward taking a course through videoconferencing at the end of the semester. There were no significant differences in students' attitudes toward videoconferencing across courses at the beginning of the semester but there were significant differences across the courses at the end of the semester. The results suggest the need for better preparation for both students and instructors. 相似文献
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《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1)
With great care, Dr. ZHOU Zhonghe takes out a package wrapped by cotton tissue from a drawer and says: "This is the gem of our collections: the fossil of a bird that lived 125 million years ago!" Then, pointing at a tiny mound, he explains: "Look, this is the claw and that is the head. It was in the egg shell and ready to hatch ... The species fell into a family of waterside inhabitants." 相似文献
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A joint study by Prof. ZHANG Zhibin from the CAS Institute of Zoology his co-workers from Norway US Swiss have indicated that historical outbreaks of migratory locusts in China were associated with cold spells suggesting that China's projected climate warming could decrease the pest's numbers. The study was published in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences on September .…… 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):6-7
Ajoint study by Prof. ZHANG Zhibin from the CAS Institute of Zoology and his co-workers from Norway, US and Swiss have indicated that historical outbreaks of migratory locusts in China were associated with cold spells, suggesting that China＇s projected climate warming could decrease the pest＇s numbers. The study was published in Proceedings of theNational Academy of Sciences on 17 September, 2007. 相似文献
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Caroline Haythornthwaite 《The Information Society》2001,17(3):211-226
A computer-mediated group is a complex entity whose members exchange many types of information via multiple means of communication in pursuit of goals specific to their environment. Over time, they coordinate technical features of media with locally enacted use to achieve a viable working arrangement. To explore this complex interaction, a case study is presented of the social networks of interactions and media use among members of a class of computer-supported distance learners. Results show how group structures associated with project teams dominated who communicated with whom, about what, and via which media over the term, and how media came to occupy their own communication niches: Webboard for diffuse class-wide communication; Internet Relay Chat more to named others but still for general communication across the class; and e-mail primarily for intrateam communication. Face-to-face interaction, occurring only during a short on-campus session, appears to have had a catalytic effect on social and emotional exchanges. Results suggest the need to structure exchanges to balance class-wide sharing of ideas with subgroup interactions that facilitate project completion, and to provide media that support these two modes of interaction. 相似文献
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Electronic data interchange (EDI) provides means for interorganizational communication, creates network externalities, requires an advanced information technology (IT) infrastructure, and relies on standards. In the diffusion of such innovations, institutional involvement is imperative. Such institutions contain governmental agencies, national and global standardization organizations, local government, and nonprofit private organizations like industry associations. The last type of organizations we call intermediating institutions. They intermediate or coordinate ("inscribe") the activities of a group of would-be adopters. Unfortunately, little is known of how these organizations shape the EDI diffusion trajectory. In this article we examine one specific type of intermediating organizations?industry associations?and how they advanced the EDI diffusion process in the grocery sectors of Hong Kong, Denmark and Finland. We identify six institutional measures, placed into a matrix formed by the mode of involvement (influence vs. regulation) and the type of diffusion force (supply push vs. demand pull), that can be mobilized to further the EDI diffusion. Industry associations were found to be active users of all these measures to varying degrees. Their role was critical especially in knowledge building, knowledge deployment, and standard setting. Furthermore, institutional involvement varied due to policy and cultural contingencies and power dependencies. 相似文献
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Puay Tang 《The Information Society》1998,14(1):19-31
The increasing prospects of digital piracy has prompted the perceived need by electronic publishers to adopt technical systems of protection, and governments to reform their copyright laws. This article is a preliminary study of the management of intellectual property by electronic publishers, defined as those involved in the production of online databases, and CD-ROMs. It focuses on three main issues: (1) how electronic publishers view the increasing threat of piracy; (2) the methods of protection employed to protect intellectual property in digital format; and (3) the importance of technological protection of intellectual property in electronic publications. The analysis is based on a sample of 23 UK electronic publishers. The interviews revealed an interesting assortment of protection methods and did not show that technological protection was a preferred way. Instead, the means of protection, in addition to copyright law, comprised niche markets, pricing, trust, bad publicity, and nontechnical and technical means. 相似文献
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Milton Mueller 《The Information Society》2001,17(3):151-163
Long-standing conflict between domain name registrants and trademark holders prompted the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN) to create a global, mandatory arbitration procedure known as the Uniform Dispute Resolution Policy (UDRP). The UDRP has been used in 2166 cases involving 3938 domain names as of 1 November 2000. The policy gives the initiator of a complaint, generally a trademark holder, the right to choose which ICANN-accredited dispute resolution service provider (RSP) will handle the case. During the preparation of the UDRP,some feared that complainant selection would lead to "forum shopping" that might bias the results. This article performs a statistical assessment of the forum-shopping thesis and finds support for it. There are statistically significant differences in the various RSPs' propensity to take away names from defendants; there are also major differences in the number of cases brought to each RSP. RSPs who take away names have the larger share of cases. The study examines other variables that might explain differences in market share, such as price, the plaintiff's nationality, or the time taken to decide a case. It finds that nationality and time also are correlated with market share. The study concludes that shopping for a favorable outcome is an important factor in the UDRP. 相似文献
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Prof. Raymond C.K. Chen a neuropsychologist with the CAS Institute of Psychology has made novel progress in his studies of schizophrenia. His work has been reported by a recent issue of Behavioural Neurology.…… 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):15-15
Prof. Raymond C.K. Chen, a neuropsychologist with the CAS Institute of Psychology, has made novel progress in his studies of schizophrenia. His work has been reported by a recent issue of Behavioural Neurology. 相似文献
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Prof. SUN Changpu from the CAS Institute of Theoretical Physics coworkers from University of Basel in Switzerland have worked out a way - at least in theory - to split a beam of molecules according to their chirality. The technique involves passing the molecules through three different laser beams is similar to the famous Stern-Gerlach effect whereby a beam of atoms passing through a magnetic field is split in two according to the atoms' spin states 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):23-23
Prof. SUN Changpu from the CAS Institute of Theoretical Physics and coworkers from University of Basel in Switzerland have worked out a way --at least in theory --to split a beam of molecules according to their chirality. The technique involves passing the molecules through three different laser beams and is similar to the famous Stern-Gerlach effect, whereby a beam of atoms passing through a magnetic field is split in two according to the atoms＇ spin states （Phys. Rev. Lett. 99 130403）. 相似文献