共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 93 毫秒
1.
王勇 《科学．经济．社会》2010,28(1):162-165
根植于自由主义政治文化以及联邦制政体,澳大利亚流域治理凸显出对府际治理协调机制的倚重,例如在全澳最大的墨累-达令流域治理中,政府间协议所表征的流域政府间联盟,以及各种协商性组织机构所展现的流域“公共能量场”等府际治理协调机制各种实现形式均得以强调和完善,进而有效维护了全流域的水资源环境。不过,由于府际治理机制亦存在着局限,流域治理因此也注意到了引入科层型协调机制以及市场型协调机制,以发挥一定程度的补充功能。这对于我国流域治理有着借鉴意义。 相似文献
2.
海绵城市理念的提出与实施为城市现代化建设与生态环境保护提供了新思路与新方向。本文以流域水环境治理为研究对象,从海绵城市理念相关概述出发,对当前城市流域水环境治理问题进行了分析,并在此基础上从加强防洪建设、补水工程建设、生态环境修复等几方面组织开展了流域水环境治理工作,以供参考。 相似文献
3.
近20多年来中国城市的发展过程中,水资源粗放利用和水环境严重污染现象已很普遍。武汉市是一个滨江滨湖特大城市,又是全国建设资源节约型、环境友好型社会的综合试验城市。近几年武汉市在水环境治理方面做了极大的努力,从涉水法规制定到江河滩头整治以及湖泊体系的治理等,但水环境问题依然严重。武汉市应该在水资源管理体制、水环境治理的市场化运行机制和利益平衡机制以及社会参与机制等方面进行积极的探索,为其他城市做出有益的示范。 相似文献
4.
太湖流域是长江经济带建设的重点区域,而良好的水环境是太湖流域在全国率先实现一体化和高质量发展的重要前提。当前太湖流域水环境形势严峻,流域内两省一市水环境保护政策协同性不足是重要原因。为分析太湖流域水环境政策存在的问题,对政策体系进行系统性调整,建立了流域水环境政策三维比较框架,将理论框架与数理统计方法相结合,对沪苏浙水环境政策文本进行差异性和关联性量化比较分析并刻画政策网络,进而提出对策建议。研究表明：①近年来,沪苏浙水环境政策供给质量逐渐提高,政策类型丰富,政策重点较为突出,各地区政策侧重点有所差异。②由于不同阶段的水环境问题及其产生原因的不同,各阶段的三维政策框架具有不同的特征,但总体上呈现出逐步多元稳固的趋势;在各个阶段内政策目标、政策工具和政策执行者联系紧密且相互影响并发生变化。③目前太湖流域水环境政策体系存在的问题包括政策目标设置机制尚不完善、政策工具的运用缺乏灵活性和创新性、缺乏调动市场和社会积极性的长效机制、水环境治理相关政策间缺乏联动性等。最后,从完善目标体系、综合运用各类政策工具、强化第三方参与流域水环境管理、提高政策层级与增加政策合力等方面提出了对策建议。 相似文献
5.
6.
黄河流域生态补偿是保障黄河长治久安,促进全流域高质量发展的重要制度设计。本文使用2007—2018年全国流域重点断面水质监测数据和中国城市统计年鉴数据,采用多期双重差分方法,对黄河流域生态补偿政策的水环境治理效应及其机制进行了实证检验。研究发现：①生态补偿政策的实施显著改善了黄河流域水环境治理效果,且黄河流域生态补偿呈现出显著的长期治污效应,该结论在进行一系列稳健性检验后依然成立。②机制分析表明,生态补偿政策的实施发挥了显著的制度激励效应,通过提高地方政府环境治理投资,降低工业废水排放,改善了黄河流域水污染状况。③从空间角度而言,与黄河流域中上游城市相比,生态补偿政策对下游城市水环境治理产生了更为显著的影响。据此,从健全流域横向生态补偿、重视中上游地区生态转移支付、建立多元主体联防联治水污染治理体系等角度提出改善黄河流域水环境治理的相关政策建议。 相似文献
7.
水是一个国家综合国力的有机组成部分,是我们人类赖以生存和发展的重要资源。然而,随着社会的发展,水环境的破坏问题日益严重。对小流域污染治理方法的研究已成为摆在我们面前的重要课题。本文阐述了国外关于水污染治理现状的研究以及我国流域水污染的治理现状,指出了在水污染治理中存在的不足和改进的措施。 相似文献
8.
9.
清江是长江在湖北省境内仅次于汉江的第二大支流,干流全长423千米,流域面积约1.7万平方千米,流域内水量充沛,沿岸生态优良,保护好清江流域生态环境对长江大保护具有重要意义。但随着清江深度开发和沿岸经济社会快速发展,加上清江流域保护联动协调机制尚未真正建立,正面临发展与生态环境保护冲突加剧、面源污染防治短板突出、水资源过度开发、水环境风险隐患依旧存在等挑战。文章通过清江干流“十三五”以来10个水质监测断面水环境质量现状,深入分析清江保护现阶段面临的突出问题,探索提出相关治理建议。对当前及今后保护清江,统筹清江流域“水资源、水生态、水环境”协同共治有一定的现实意义。 相似文献
10.
明确公众参与城市水环境治理行为的影响因素对提高水环境治理绩效具有重要意义。本文基于北京、上海、广州三地2051份公众问卷,运用双栏模型和解释结构模型考察了公众城市水环境治理参与意愿和参与程度的影响因素,探究了公众参与意愿的内在发生机制。结果表明：①北上广三地74.3%的公众有城市水环境治理参与愿意,平均意愿支付水平为12.29元/年;②公众参与城市水环境治理的意愿和程度的影响因素不尽相同,其中公众月均可支配收入、前往城市水环境的频率与在城市水环境内停留时间、城市水环境景观和娱乐价值认知以及城市水环境整体生态状况感知对公众参与程度有显著影响;③公众参与意愿的内在发生机制是深层根源因素（公众受教育程度、年龄和居住地距最近的城市水环境距离）,通过影响中层间接因素（城市水环境整体生态状况感知以及城市水环境生态价值认知）,进而影响直接驱动因素公众环境责任意识,最终影响公众城市水环境治理参与意愿。提出了加大水环境治理宣传力度,制定公众参与治理奖励政策以及完善公众与政府信息交流机制等建议。 相似文献
11.
《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):2-3
CAS should stick to the principle of rendering service to, and giving impetus for, the development of China＇s science enterprise by making S＆T innovations, said CAS President LU Yongxiang. The CAS president made the remarks in a recent talk to communicate the gist of the winter session of the Party＇s Leading-member Group at CAS, which was held from 7 to 11 January in Beijing. 相似文献
12.
Marjorie Armstrong-Stassen Margaret Landstrom Ramona Lumpkin 《The Information Society》1998,14(2):153-164
This study examined how students who had no prior experience with videoconferencing would react to the use of videoconferencing as an instructional medium. Students enrolled in seven different courses completed a questionnaire at the beginning of the semester and again at the end of the semester. Students at the origination and remote sites did not differ in their reactions toward videoconferencing but there was a significant difference for gender. Women reacted less favorably to videoconferencing. Compared to the beginning of the semester, students reported significantly less positive attitudes toward taking a course through videoconferencing at the end of the semester. There were no significant differences in students' attitudes toward videoconferencing across courses at the beginning of the semester but there were significant differences across the courses at the end of the semester. The results suggest the need for better preparation for both students and instructors. 相似文献
13.
《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1)
With great care, Dr. ZHOU Zhonghe takes out a package wrapped by cotton tissue from a drawer and says: "This is the gem of our collections: the fossil of a bird that lived 125 million years ago!" Then, pointing at a tiny mound, he explains: "Look, this is the claw and that is the head. It was in the egg shell and ready to hatch ... The species fell into a family of waterside inhabitants." 相似文献
14.
A joint study by Prof. ZHANG Zhibin from the CAS Institute of Zoology his co-workers from Norway US Swiss have indicated that historical outbreaks of migratory locusts in China were associated with cold spells suggesting that China's projected climate warming could decrease the pest's numbers. The study was published in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences on September .…… 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):6-7
Ajoint study by Prof. ZHANG Zhibin from the CAS Institute of Zoology and his co-workers from Norway, US and Swiss have indicated that historical outbreaks of migratory locusts in China were associated with cold spells, suggesting that China＇s projected climate warming could decrease the pest＇s numbers. The study was published in Proceedings of theNational Academy of Sciences on 17 September, 2007. 相似文献
15.
Caroline Haythornthwaite 《The Information Society》2001,17(3):211-226
A computer-mediated group is a complex entity whose members exchange many types of information via multiple means of communication in pursuit of goals specific to their environment. Over time, they coordinate technical features of media with locally enacted use to achieve a viable working arrangement. To explore this complex interaction, a case study is presented of the social networks of interactions and media use among members of a class of computer-supported distance learners. Results show how group structures associated with project teams dominated who communicated with whom, about what, and via which media over the term, and how media came to occupy their own communication niches: Webboard for diffuse class-wide communication; Internet Relay Chat more to named others but still for general communication across the class; and e-mail primarily for intrateam communication. Face-to-face interaction, occurring only during a short on-campus session, appears to have had a catalytic effect on social and emotional exchanges. Results suggest the need to structure exchanges to balance class-wide sharing of ideas with subgroup interactions that facilitate project completion, and to provide media that support these two modes of interaction. 相似文献
16.
Electronic data interchange (EDI) provides means for interorganizational communication, creates network externalities, requires an advanced information technology (IT) infrastructure, and relies on standards. In the diffusion of such innovations, institutional involvement is imperative. Such institutions contain governmental agencies, national and global standardization organizations, local government, and nonprofit private organizations like industry associations. The last type of organizations we call intermediating institutions. They intermediate or coordinate ("inscribe") the activities of a group of would-be adopters. Unfortunately, little is known of how these organizations shape the EDI diffusion trajectory. In this article we examine one specific type of intermediating organizations?industry associations?and how they advanced the EDI diffusion process in the grocery sectors of Hong Kong, Denmark and Finland. We identify six institutional measures, placed into a matrix formed by the mode of involvement (influence vs. regulation) and the type of diffusion force (supply push vs. demand pull), that can be mobilized to further the EDI diffusion. Industry associations were found to be active users of all these measures to varying degrees. Their role was critical especially in knowledge building, knowledge deployment, and standard setting. Furthermore, institutional involvement varied due to policy and cultural contingencies and power dependencies. 相似文献
17.
Puay Tang 《The Information Society》1998,14(1):19-31
The increasing prospects of digital piracy has prompted the perceived need by electronic publishers to adopt technical systems of protection, and governments to reform their copyright laws. This article is a preliminary study of the management of intellectual property by electronic publishers, defined as those involved in the production of online databases, and CD-ROMs. It focuses on three main issues: (1) how electronic publishers view the increasing threat of piracy; (2) the methods of protection employed to protect intellectual property in digital format; and (3) the importance of technological protection of intellectual property in electronic publications. The analysis is based on a sample of 23 UK electronic publishers. The interviews revealed an interesting assortment of protection methods and did not show that technological protection was a preferred way. Instead, the means of protection, in addition to copyright law, comprised niche markets, pricing, trust, bad publicity, and nontechnical and technical means. 相似文献
18.
Milton Mueller 《The Information Society》2001,17(3):151-163
Long-standing conflict between domain name registrants and trademark holders prompted the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN) to create a global, mandatory arbitration procedure known as the Uniform Dispute Resolution Policy (UDRP). The UDRP has been used in 2166 cases involving 3938 domain names as of 1 November 2000. The policy gives the initiator of a complaint, generally a trademark holder, the right to choose which ICANN-accredited dispute resolution service provider (RSP) will handle the case. During the preparation of the UDRP,some feared that complainant selection would lead to "forum shopping" that might bias the results. This article performs a statistical assessment of the forum-shopping thesis and finds support for it. There are statistically significant differences in the various RSPs' propensity to take away names from defendants; there are also major differences in the number of cases brought to each RSP. RSPs who take away names have the larger share of cases. The study examines other variables that might explain differences in market share, such as price, the plaintiff's nationality, or the time taken to decide a case. It finds that nationality and time also are correlated with market share. The study concludes that shopping for a favorable outcome is an important factor in the UDRP. 相似文献
19.
Prof. Raymond C.K. Chen a neuropsychologist with the CAS Institute of Psychology has made novel progress in his studies of schizophrenia. His work has been reported by a recent issue of Behavioural Neurology.…… 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):15-15
Prof. Raymond C.K. Chen, a neuropsychologist with the CAS Institute of Psychology, has made novel progress in his studies of schizophrenia. His work has been reported by a recent issue of Behavioural Neurology. 相似文献
20.
Prof. SUN Changpu from the CAS Institute of Theoretical Physics coworkers from University of Basel in Switzerland have worked out a way - at least in theory - to split a beam of molecules according to their chirality. The technique involves passing the molecules through three different laser beams is similar to the famous Stern-Gerlach effect whereby a beam of atoms passing through a magnetic field is split in two according to the atoms' spin states 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):23-23
Prof. SUN Changpu from the CAS Institute of Theoretical Physics and coworkers from University of Basel in Switzerland have worked out a way --at least in theory --to split a beam of molecules according to their chirality. The technique involves passing the molecules through three different laser beams and is similar to the famous Stern-Gerlach effect, whereby a beam of atoms passing through a magnetic field is split in two according to the atoms＇ spin states （Phys. Rev. Lett. 99 130403）. 相似文献