共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 265 毫秒
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在过去的几十年间，运用倒“U”理论(Yerkes &;amp;Dodson，1908)描述体育操作成绩与焦虑的关系占了统治地位。其基本含义是：焦虑水平过低或过高，操作成绩都较差，而焦虑水平处于中等水平时，操作成绩最理想。尽管这个理论很直观(Martens，1974)，最近却有多位学者对这个理论进行了多方面的批评。 相似文献
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王舜霞 《哈尔滨体育学院学报》2008,26(5):122-124
为分析大学生对800-1000m耐力考试产生焦虑情绪的现状和成因,通过对上海对外贸易学院318名大学生耐力考试焦虑情绪及其影响因素进行了调查,调查结果显示：有82.7%的学生显示出对耐力考试焦虑。针对不同程度的耐力考试焦虑,提出了几种较为科学的耐力跑辅导策略和调节耐力考试焦虑的心理训练方法。 相似文献
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普通高校学生体育考试与焦虑水平的相关研究及对策 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
采用“运动竞赛焦虑量表”对学生进行了考试前的心理测试，结果表明：女生体育成绩高于男生，但焦虑水平别明显低于男生，且男、女生之间具有显著或非常显著的差异。通过对体育成绩和焦虑水平相关分析发现焦虑水平与体育成绩呈高度相关． 相似文献
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跆拳道运动员焦虑水平初探 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
以西安体育学院跆拳道队学生１１５名为研究对象，采用经我国修订的ＳＴＡＩ自我问卷量表，对运动员特质焦虑与状态焦虑进行测量，以了解跆拳道项目焦虑水平特征。测试结果表明，运动员特质与状态焦虑处于中等水平，状态焦虑高于特质焦虑，但两者之间无显著性差异。焦虑水平存在较大个体差异，随着运动水平的提高，状态焦虑个体差异呈继续增大趋势。前三名运动员状态焦虑水平低于一般运动员，说明适宜的焦虑水平，有利于比赛中保持理智的思维，对复杂变化的环境作出积极的应对反应。各轮次状态焦虑与特质焦虑的差值说明第一轮与进入争夺名次的场次，运动员情绪激活水平较高，比赛层次虽低但至为关键不可忽视 相似文献
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大学毕业生焦虑心理的调查与分析 总被引：15，自引：1，他引：14
安雅然 《武汉体育学院学报》2003,37(3):143-145
通过问卷调查，对辽宁省12所高校2001级688名大学毕业生的心理焦虑状况进行了研究分析。辽宁省高校男女大学毕业生焦虑心理无显著性差分，女生特质焦虑与状态焦虑分值较男生高；本科与专科毕业生无显著性差异，专科毕业生的特质焦虑与状态焦虑分值比本科生高；理科大学毕业生的焦虑状态较重，无论在状态焦虑和特质焦虑方面均高于文科毕业生。 相似文献
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大学生运动员赛前状态焦虑强度与方向实验研究 总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3
运动焦虑反应的强度和方向性的综合性研究是现代竞赛焦虑研究的流行领域。我国对竞赛焦虑的强度与任务特征，运动成绩之间关系的研究较多，对赛前焦虑的方向性研究则刚刚开始。该研究采用琼斯和斯万修订的CSAI－2量表，在赛前对大学生运动员进行测试。研究表明，不同学历，性别。年级的运动员赛前焦虑反应的强度和方向性存在差异；焦虑反应的方向性比强度能更好地预测运动成绩，在对运动焦虑的解释方面更有价值。 相似文献
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击剑运动员在竞赛中出现过度的运动焦虑会严重影响竞赛状态和运动成绩,本文通过剖析运动焦虑形成的过程,并提出几点有助于消除击剑运动员运动焦虑的策略,以供同仁参考。 相似文献
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This study considered the influence of competitive anxiety and self-confidence state responses upon components of performance. Basketball players (n=12) were trained to self-report their cognitive anxiety, somatic anxiety and self-confidence as a single response on several occasions immediately before going on court to play. Performance was video-recorded and aspects of performance that could be characterized as requiring either largely anaerobic power (height jumped) or working memory (successful passes and assists) were measured. Intra-individual performance scores were computed from these measures and the data from seven matches were subjected to regression analyses and then hierarchical regression analyses. The results indicated that, as anticipated, somatic anxiety positively predicted performance that involved anaerobic demands. Self-confidence, and not cognitive anxiety, was the main predictor of performance scores with working memory demands. It would appear that different competitive state responses exert differential effects upon aspects of actual performance. Identifying these differences will be valuable in recommending intervention strategies designed to facilitate performance. 相似文献
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This study considered the influence of competitive anxiety and self-confidence state responses upon components of performance. Basketball players (n = 12) were trained to self-report their cognitive anxiety, somatic anxiety and self-confidence as a single response on several occasions immediately before going on court to play. Performance was video-recorded and aspects of performance that could be characterized as requiring either largely anaerobic power (height jumped) or working memory (successful passes and assists) were measured. Intra-individual performance scores were computed from these measures and the data from seven matches were subjected to regression analyses and then hierarchical regression analyses. The results indicated that, as anticipated, somatic anxiety positively predicted performance that involved anaerobic demands. Self-confidence, and not cognitive anxiety, was the main predictor of performance scores with working memory demands. It would appear that different competitive state responses exert differential effects upon aspects of actual performance. Identifying these differences will be valuable in recommending intervention strategies designed to facilitate performance. 相似文献
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苏州市射击运动员的特质焦虑和竞赛状态焦虑分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
利用状态-特质焦虑量表中的特质焦虑测试量表和竞赛状态焦虑量表-2,对参加2006年射击全国个人冠军赛的苏州市射击运动员在赛前进行测试。结果表明,被测对象为中等强度的特质焦虑水平;他们在竞赛焦虑状态的3个因子上不存在项目和性别差异,并且其之间也不存在差异;不同项目和性别上的特质焦虑和状态焦虑之间没有差异;运动员在特质焦虑和竞赛状态焦虑的3个因子之间的相关性均较高;不同特质焦虑水平组竞赛状态焦虑之间的差异不显著。 相似文献
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为探讨我国田径运动员的认知风格、竞赛焦虑特征与竞技水平发挥的关系,采用镶嵌图形测验和竞赛状态焦虑问卷的方法,对我国15个省、市优秀田径运动员93人进行调查。结果显示:①我国优秀田径运动员有场依存者和场独立者,个体差异情况较大;田径运动员认知状态焦虑低于田径常模、躯体状态焦虑显著低于常模,状态自信心显著高于常模,场独立运动员躯体状态焦虑显著高于场依存运动员,认知状态焦虑更低而状态自信心更高。②认知风格与认知状态焦虑显著负相关,与躯体状态焦虑、状态自信心正相关,认知风格是影响认知状态焦虑的一个主因素。③两种认知风格运动员与竞技水平发挥率负相关,场独立运动员竞技水平发挥率更高;竞技水平发挥高组的运动员认知状态焦虑、躯体状态焦虑更低,状态自信心更高;竞技水平发挥高组与认知状态焦虑、躯体状态焦虑负相关,竞技水平发挥低组与认知状态焦虑负相关、与躯体状态焦虑正相关,两组运动员与状态自信心正相关;回归分析表明竞赛焦虑的三个维度均不能预测竞技水平发挥程度。 相似文献
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A test of processing efficiency theory in a team sport context 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
In this study, we tested some key postulates of Eysenck and Calvo's processing efficiency theory in a team sport. The participants were 12 elite male volleyball players who were followed throughout the course of a competitive season. Self-report measures of pre-match and in-game cognitive anxiety and mental effort were collected in groups of players high and low in dispositional anxiety. Player performance was determined from the statistical analysis of match-play. Sets were classified according to the point spread separating the two teams into one of three levels of criticality. Game momentum was also analysed to determine its influence on in-game state anxiety. Significant differences in in-game cognitive anxiety were apparent between high and low trait anxiety groups. An interaction between anxiety grouping and momentum condition was also evident in cognitive anxiety. Differences in set criticality were reflected in significant elevations in mental effort, an effect more pronounced in dispositionally high anxious performers. Consistent with the predictions of processing efficiency theory, mental effort ratings were higher in high trait-anxious players in settings where their performance was equivalent to that of low trait-anxious performers. The usefulness of processing efficiency theory as an explanatory framework in sport anxiety research is discussed in the light of these findings. 相似文献
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目的：研究不同运动项目对老年妇女抑郁、焦虑的影响。方法：以乌鲁木齐市区有抑郁和焦虑症状倾向但无严重躯体疾病和严重精神疾患的老年女性为研究对象,根据研究对象个人情况研制针对性的登山运动、太极拳运动、民族舞蹈运动的运动处方并实施8周,采用抑郁自评量表（SDS）和焦虑自评量表（SAS）分别对76名研究对象实施运动处方前后进行测评。结果：经过4周规律的运动后,研究对象的抑郁和焦虑情绪均有显著缓解,8周后改善更为明显。结论：长期中等强度的登山运动、太极拳运动和民族舞蹈运动均可有效改善老年妇女的抑郁和焦虑情绪;就运动项目而言,民族舞蹈运动在老年妇女抑郁情绪改善方面,更易产生心理裨益,太极拳运动在老年妇女焦虑情绪改善方面,更易产生心理裨益。 相似文献
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目的:探讨竞赛过程中运动员的完美主义与竞赛焦虑之间的关系。方法:测量3组(共191人)运动员样本在竞赛中的完美主义和竞赛焦虑,并对其进行比较。结果:总体完美主义与认知状态和躯体状态的高度竞赛焦虑有关,而当把力求完美的动力作用与未达完美的消极作用分化开来时,发现只有后者与高度的焦虑相关,而前者则导致轻微的焦虑和高度自信。结论:提示运动员在竞赛过程中追求完美,并成功地控制未达理想而产生的消极影响,就可以减少焦虑并增强自信,发挥出色。 相似文献
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选取上海体育学院14名高特质焦虑男性田径运动员,并对其“足三里”和“三阴交”施加电针穴位刺激,观察在心理应激条件下穴位刺激对运动员机体免疫和焦虑状况的影响,分析运动员机体免疫和焦虑状况之间的关系。通过对实验前后运动员免疫指标（血液T淋巴细胞CD3^＋％、血液辅助性T淋巴细胞亚群TCD4^＋、抑制性T淋巴细胞亚群TCD8^＋、TCD4^＋／CD8^＋％、NK％、NKT％）和心理焦虑指标的测试,为综合分析穴位刺激对高特质焦虑运动员赛前机体免疫和焦虑状况调节的效果和机制提供一定的实验依据。 相似文献