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科研评价机制创新是当前科技创新工作的重点问题之一。本文以社会科学为例,针对《国家哲学社会科学研究"十二五"规划》中建立分类评价标准和多元评价体系的要求,以社会科学评价机制创新的必要性和障碍因素分析为基础,提出了短期内加大学科发展基本规律和学术评价基础理论研究、中期通过推动学术价值评价和学术能力评价分离、长期加强中国特色的社会主义评价文明建设的社会科学评价机制的总体思路与内容框架。 相似文献
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科技智库是中国特色新型智库的重要组成部分,科学有效的运行机制是提升智库能力,促进智库发展的重要因素.研究借鉴国外顶级科技智库的运行机制对我国科技智库建设意义重大.本文运用文献调研法、案例分析法,从治理体系、组织结构、人才队伍建设管理等方面深入分析了兰德公司的组织与运行机制.研究发现,国际顶级科技智库具有治理结构完善、注重人才队伍建设多元化、严格把控研究成果质量等特点.在此基础上,对我国科技智库建设提出若干启示和建议. 相似文献
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在社会管理改革的大趋势下,创新社会组织体制势在必行。本文通过考察科协历史,提出科协集科学共同体、社会共同体和政治共同体于一体的组织体制,在共同体中形成枢纽协调的组织运行机制和有效承接学术争鸣、科技普及和对外民间科技交往等社会职能的实践,为我国建设现代社会组织体系提供了成功的经验。新形势下,科协要发扬优良传统,审时度势,以构建"枢纽型科协组织"为今后改革的取向,为建设具有中国特色的社会主义群众团体作出贡献。 相似文献
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一、转变政府职能是当前党和国家的重要工作
当前,我国有两个重要发展趋势。一是党的十八大提出了经济建没、政治建设、文化建设、社会建设、生态文明建设的中国特色社会主义事业五位一体的总体布局,社会建没成为国家战略,包括我们科技团体在内的社会组织发展迎来历史良机。另一个趋势,是政府加大行政管理体制改革力度。 相似文献
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智库评价结果的正向反馈会对智库建设发展起到引领和促进作用,以能力建设为导向的科技智库评价体系,不仅能促进科技智库的规范化建设,也有助于科技智库根据评价结果,注重自身核心能力建设,提升科技智库的竞争力。因此构建科学合理的科技智库评级体系,在当前显得尤为迫切和必要。通过文献研究、案例分析的方法,梳理当前国内外智库评价的现状,分析影响科技智库成长与发展的核心要素,并以此为基础,提出科技智库评价体系的主要内容。基于公共部门战略管理研究和科技智库自身功能定位,本文提出从使命愿景、治理结构、运行管理、公共外交、特色优势五个维度构建促进科技智库规范化建设和智库能力提升的评价体系,并就科技智库的高质量发展提出了对策建议。 相似文献
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在社会管理改革大趋势下,创新社会组织体制势在必行。通过考察科协历史,提出了科协集科学共同体、社会共同体和政治共同体于一体的组织体制,在共同体中形成枢纽协调的组织运行机制和有效承接学术争鸣、科技普及和对外民间科技交往等社会职能的实践,为我国建设现代社会组织体系提供了成功经验。新形势下,科协要发挥传统优势,以构建“枢纽型科协组织”为今后改革发展取向,为建设具中国特色的社会主义科技团体作贡献。 相似文献
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目前,我国高校在科技评价中,普遍存在“注重数量、看轻质量”的问题,对科研成果、科技人员的不恰当的量化评价,并与利益挂钩,导致科研成果与社会的实际发展需求无法紧密的联系起来。尤其对于行业特色高校,行业背景浓厚,对科技成果的应用性要求较高,所以对于成果实际应用的考察应该成为行业特色高校科技评价指标中的关键部分。针对上述问题,本文对具有行业特色的高校科技分类评价开展了探索与研究。首先分析了当前科技评价的现状,探讨了当前行业特色高校科技评价的不足之处;然后基于科技评价的现状,本文提出了科技评价的三大基本原则：坚持分类评价、建立高效评价机制和建立特色评价体系。最后引入了灰色理论,研究了行业特色高校的科技评价模型,并且针对行业特色高校的特点,重点确定了分类评价指标,提出了关于行业应用、学术成绩和行业指导这3个方面共19项分类评价指标,同时提出借鉴英美等国家比较成熟的科技评价体系来完善我国行业特色高校分类评价的观点。 相似文献
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综述了国家科技评价体系的建设现状,分析质检系统构建科技评价体系的必要性,从组织架构和操作规范两个层面提出质检系统科技评价体系的构建构想,探讨性地提出质检系统科技评价体系的4大类10项科技评价规范初步建设思路。 相似文献
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《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):2-3
CAS should stick to the principle of rendering service to, and giving impetus for, the development of China＇s science enterprise by making S＆T innovations, said CAS President LU Yongxiang. The CAS president made the remarks in a recent talk to communicate the gist of the winter session of the Party＇s Leading-member Group at CAS, which was held from 7 to 11 January in Beijing. 相似文献
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《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1)
With great care, Dr. ZHOU Zhonghe takes out a package wrapped by cotton tissue from a drawer and says: "This is the gem of our collections: the fossil of a bird that lived 125 million years ago!" Then, pointing at a tiny mound, he explains: "Look, this is the claw and that is the head. It was in the egg shell and ready to hatch ... The species fell into a family of waterside inhabitants." 相似文献
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Marjorie Armstrong-Stassen Margaret Landstrom Ramona Lumpkin 《The Information Society》1998,14(2):153-164
This study examined how students who had no prior experience with videoconferencing would react to the use of videoconferencing as an instructional medium. Students enrolled in seven different courses completed a questionnaire at the beginning of the semester and again at the end of the semester. Students at the origination and remote sites did not differ in their reactions toward videoconferencing but there was a significant difference for gender. Women reacted less favorably to videoconferencing. Compared to the beginning of the semester, students reported significantly less positive attitudes toward taking a course through videoconferencing at the end of the semester. There were no significant differences in students' attitudes toward videoconferencing across courses at the beginning of the semester but there were significant differences across the courses at the end of the semester. The results suggest the need for better preparation for both students and instructors. 相似文献
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A joint study by Prof. ZHANG Zhibin from the CAS Institute of Zoology his co-workers from Norway US Swiss have indicated that historical outbreaks of migratory locusts in China were associated with cold spells suggesting that China's projected climate warming could decrease the pest's numbers. The study was published in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences on September .…… 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):6-7
Ajoint study by Prof. ZHANG Zhibin from the CAS Institute of Zoology and his co-workers from Norway, US and Swiss have indicated that historical outbreaks of migratory locusts in China were associated with cold spells, suggesting that China＇s projected climate warming could decrease the pest＇s numbers. The study was published in Proceedings of theNational Academy of Sciences on 17 September, 2007. 相似文献
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Caroline Haythornthwaite 《The Information Society》2001,17(3):211-226
A computer-mediated group is a complex entity whose members exchange many types of information via multiple means of communication in pursuit of goals specific to their environment. Over time, they coordinate technical features of media with locally enacted use to achieve a viable working arrangement. To explore this complex interaction, a case study is presented of the social networks of interactions and media use among members of a class of computer-supported distance learners. Results show how group structures associated with project teams dominated who communicated with whom, about what, and via which media over the term, and how media came to occupy their own communication niches: Webboard for diffuse class-wide communication; Internet Relay Chat more to named others but still for general communication across the class; and e-mail primarily for intrateam communication. Face-to-face interaction, occurring only during a short on-campus session, appears to have had a catalytic effect on social and emotional exchanges. Results suggest the need to structure exchanges to balance class-wide sharing of ideas with subgroup interactions that facilitate project completion, and to provide media that support these two modes of interaction. 相似文献
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Electronic data interchange (EDI) provides means for interorganizational communication, creates network externalities, requires an advanced information technology (IT) infrastructure, and relies on standards. In the diffusion of such innovations, institutional involvement is imperative. Such institutions contain governmental agencies, national and global standardization organizations, local government, and nonprofit private organizations like industry associations. The last type of organizations we call intermediating institutions. They intermediate or coordinate ("inscribe") the activities of a group of would-be adopters. Unfortunately, little is known of how these organizations shape the EDI diffusion trajectory. In this article we examine one specific type of intermediating organizations?industry associations?and how they advanced the EDI diffusion process in the grocery sectors of Hong Kong, Denmark and Finland. We identify six institutional measures, placed into a matrix formed by the mode of involvement (influence vs. regulation) and the type of diffusion force (supply push vs. demand pull), that can be mobilized to further the EDI diffusion. Industry associations were found to be active users of all these measures to varying degrees. Their role was critical especially in knowledge building, knowledge deployment, and standard setting. Furthermore, institutional involvement varied due to policy and cultural contingencies and power dependencies. 相似文献
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Puay Tang 《The Information Society》1998,14(1):19-31
The increasing prospects of digital piracy has prompted the perceived need by electronic publishers to adopt technical systems of protection, and governments to reform their copyright laws. This article is a preliminary study of the management of intellectual property by electronic publishers, defined as those involved in the production of online databases, and CD-ROMs. It focuses on three main issues: (1) how electronic publishers view the increasing threat of piracy; (2) the methods of protection employed to protect intellectual property in digital format; and (3) the importance of technological protection of intellectual property in electronic publications. The analysis is based on a sample of 23 UK electronic publishers. The interviews revealed an interesting assortment of protection methods and did not show that technological protection was a preferred way. Instead, the means of protection, in addition to copyright law, comprised niche markets, pricing, trust, bad publicity, and nontechnical and technical means. 相似文献
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Prof. SUN Changpu from the CAS Institute of Theoretical Physics coworkers from University of Basel in Switzerland have worked out a way - at least in theory - to split a beam of molecules according to their chirality. The technique involves passing the molecules through three different laser beams is similar to the famous Stern-Gerlach effect whereby a beam of atoms passing through a magnetic field is split in two according to the atoms' spin states 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):23-23
Prof. SUN Changpu from the CAS Institute of Theoretical Physics and coworkers from University of Basel in Switzerland have worked out a way --at least in theory --to split a beam of molecules according to their chirality. The technique involves passing the molecules through three different laser beams and is similar to the famous Stern-Gerlach effect, whereby a beam of atoms passing through a magnetic field is split in two according to the atoms＇ spin states （Phys. Rev. Lett. 99 130403）. 相似文献
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Milton Mueller 《The Information Society》2001,17(3):151-163
Long-standing conflict between domain name registrants and trademark holders prompted the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN) to create a global, mandatory arbitration procedure known as the Uniform Dispute Resolution Policy (UDRP). The UDRP has been used in 2166 cases involving 3938 domain names as of 1 November 2000. The policy gives the initiator of a complaint, generally a trademark holder, the right to choose which ICANN-accredited dispute resolution service provider (RSP) will handle the case. During the preparation of the UDRP,some feared that complainant selection would lead to "forum shopping" that might bias the results. This article performs a statistical assessment of the forum-shopping thesis and finds support for it. There are statistically significant differences in the various RSPs' propensity to take away names from defendants; there are also major differences in the number of cases brought to each RSP. RSPs who take away names have the larger share of cases. The study examines other variables that might explain differences in market share, such as price, the plaintiff's nationality, or the time taken to decide a case. It finds that nationality and time also are correlated with market share. The study concludes that shopping for a favorable outcome is an important factor in the UDRP. 相似文献
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Prof. Raymond C.K. Chen a neuropsychologist with the CAS Institute of Psychology has made novel progress in his studies of schizophrenia. His work has been reported by a recent issue of Behavioural Neurology.…… 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):15-15
Prof. Raymond C.K. Chen, a neuropsychologist with the CAS Institute of Psychology, has made novel progress in his studies of schizophrenia. His work has been reported by a recent issue of Behavioural Neurology. 相似文献