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因为每年都有数千名高中毕业生在毕业时发现自己学无所成,美国的公立高中已经开始受到各级政府官员的重视。在此之前,政府一直关注的都是基础教育的问题。俄勒冈州立大学教育政策研究中心的大卫·肯利(David Conley)教授所开展的研究可谓是不失时机。肯利教授所开展的研究已经得到了全国范围的重视。根据研究计划,肯利教授所带领的研究小组将对学生要想在大学中获得成功所应该掌握的学科进行逐一说明。研究小组将通过对大学内相关学科及教学内容的研究,为全国范围内将要参加AP考试的高中学生提供最为实际的大学教学模式。肯利教授说:“通… 相似文献
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侯蓉 《扬州大学学报(高教研究版)》2008,12(2):42-45
大学教师教育课程设置,是提高大学教师素质、改善教育质量的最为关键的因素之一.目前教师教育研究更多地关注中小学教师的培养,而忽视了大学教师教育.大学教师专业发展是高校管理的一项重要任务,为了有效促进大学教师专业发展,必须构建大学教师教育课程标准. 相似文献
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提升大学教育质量是当前引起关注的热点问题。而要保证教育质量的关键在于教授治学。文章首先分析了我国教授治学的现状,并阐述了新时期教授治学对提升大学教育质量的现实意义,最后提出了改变大学是政府附属部门的状况、赋予学术权力应有的地位和权威、完善教授会等学术组织等三方面的对策建议。 相似文献
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《大学评鉴办法》作为台湾地区开展大学教育质量评鉴的法律原则和执行依据,对推动本地区建立规范有效的质量评鉴机制,努力确保其教育品质并引导大学依自身发展之需强化自律能力方面发挥了积极作用.分析了当中条款,把握台湾大学教育质量评鉴之运作,以期对我国构建完善的研究生教育质量评鉴机制提供参考. 相似文献
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本文使用清华大学"中国大学生学习与发展追踪研究调查问卷2012"数据,运用多元线性回归和系数集束化的方法,深入考察了学生个体性因素(包括先赋性因素和获致性因素)对高等教育过程和结果质量的影响机制。研究发现,获致性因素即学生的高中教育经历比先赋性因素即学生的家庭背景,对高等教育质量产生更大的影响。高中教育经历作为入大学前的准备,其作用在大学的高影响力教育活动中更为突出,不仅能够使学生更好地投身大学学习,还能够提升其在大学阶段的学习收获和在校满意度。学生高中教育经历的丰富程度对高等教育质量的显著影响,以及成绩排名对高等教育质量的负向影响,促使我们反思高中教育与大学教育的衔接问题,而正在推进的教育领域综合改革为解决此问题提供了体制改革的重要契机。 相似文献
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本科教育体现了大学的不可替代性,本科教育质量则是一所大学办学质量的核心体现,因此,如何提高本科教育质量,尤其是如何提高人才培养质量,就成了每一年大学都需要认真思考的问题, 相似文献
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美国密歇根州立大学教育学院终身教授，教育技术中心主任赵勇日前参加在京举行的APEC教育创新论坛时说，教育公平是教育基本普及之后面临的一个重要问题，这有历史形成的发展差距的因素，也反映出一定的教 相似文献
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Research on work life and job satisfaction of university professors is becoming an important research issue in the field of
higher education. This study used questionnaires administered to 1 770 teachers from different levels, types, and academic
fields of Chinese universities to investigate job satisfaction among university professors and the relationship between job
satisfaction of university professors and the organizational characteristics of the university. The job satisfaction of Chinese
university professors includes six dimensions: career development and school management, teaching and research services, salary,
benefits and logistical services, professional reputation, teaching and research facilities, and the work itself. The overall
job satisfaction levels are close to average, with salary and benefits receiving the lowest level of satisfaction. The organizational
characteristics of universities, such as school type, school level, academic field, organizational climate, evaluation orientation,
and school management, all have significant effects on the overall job satisfaction of university professors. The organizational
climate and school level affect all six dimensions of job satisfaction among university professors. 相似文献
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学术职业化与美国高等教育的发展 总被引：10，自引：2，他引：10
张斌贤 《北京大学教育评论》2004,2(2):92-96
本文借鉴职业社会学的相关研究成果 ,通过探讨 16 36～ 1914年间 (特别是 19世纪后期 )美国学术职业化进程以及在这个过程中发挥作用的主要因素 ,分析了美国高等教育发展的内在动力机制。 相似文献
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长期以来,高等教育质量保障有赖于学术自治与自律机制的建立,受同行评议机制与声誉机制的控制。然而,受高等教育规模扩张与国家政治经济体制变革的影响,这种传统的学术自我规制体系能否保障与提高高等教育质量开始受到广泛的质疑。以学术界利益为旨归的私人规制体制、风险与标准导向的市场型规制体制以及基于绩效责任逻辑的政府规制体制三种类型的高等教育质量保障规制体制先后确立。三种规制体制在规制标准的制定、信息搜集以及行为矫正机制等规制要素方面具有迥异的规制逻辑与特征。规制实践的经验表明,倾向于自我规制与国家规制的规制体制均存在缺陷。基于学术自由与公共利益辩证统一的诉求,三种规制体制均开始强调自治与法治、自律与他律的有机整合,并呈现出合作规制的变革趋势。中国高等教育质量保障规制体制的变革应立足于法治的原则、思维和方式,增强政府公权力的法治规约,以实现国家监督与大学自主之间的合作与平衡。 相似文献
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吴国贤 《天津职业院校联合学报》2013,(9):11-12,27
师资队伍是高职院校教学的主体力量,是人才培养质量的保证,更是学校建设和发展的动力,近年来,高职院校教师,尤其是优秀教师流失现象日益严重。文章客观地分析教师流失的原因,并提出一些可供采取的控制性措施,以建立起合理的师资流动模式。 相似文献
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《Critical Studies in Education》2013,54(2):224-240
This article presents a critical–political discourse analysis of the media debate over quality assurance in higher education, which occurred in Chile after the 2011 student movement. Students criticized the privatization of higher education and the multiple flaws of this sector, which included corruption scandals during the process of quality assurance certification. After the end of the movement, the government announced a new quality assurance system, triggering public discussion over this issue in the media. The most influential newspapers and educational authorities participated actively in this debate. Through editorials and columns, these education agents constructed quality assurance discursively as a domain for experts, who have to design and administer quality standards for all educational institutions and actions. These procedures regulate and discipline educational practices, but professors and students are excluded from this debate. Thus, this quality assurance discussion reproduces the traditional neoliberal power relations in education and does not problematize the role of education in society. 相似文献
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Ya-Ling Chiu Ku-Hsieh Chen Jying-Nan Wang 《Assessment & Evaluation in Higher Education》2019,44(3):449-462
Measuring the perceived quality of professors’ teaching effectiveness is a critical issue in higher education. This study involves a large-scale data exploration with a sample of 16,802 professors, in which each professor had received at least 20 ratings from the RateMyProfessors website. We find that perceived difficulty (from the students’ perspective) has a significantly negative effect on perceived quality. However, when professors teach more difficult courses at top colleges, the decline in perceived quality is relatively small when compared to other colleges. In other words, whether professors come from top colleges has a moderating effect on the relationship between perceived quality and perceived difficulty. Furthermore, through a consideration of the characteristic differences among disciplines in terms of the relationship between perceived quality and perceived difficulty, we obtain three specific groups of disciplines. These findings facilitate a better understanding of quality for professors from different disciplines. We suggest that the measurement of teaching effectiveness should avoid the use of a single criterion because differences in courses, disciplines or schools can influence the measurement results, and these factors are beyond the control of professors. 相似文献
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教授治学还是教授治校历来争议不断,但从现阶段的实践和发展趋势来看,教授治校明显不能适应现代大学的发展,教授治校被逐渐削弱在所难免,教授回归学术本位是时代发展的必然。由“教授治校”到“教授治学”是教授参与高校管理理念的重大转变,这不仅符合当今高等教育发展的实际需求,更是一种理性的回归和必然的选择。 相似文献
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郑美玉 《信阳师范学院学报(哲学社会科学版)》2010,30(1):60-64
随着高等教育大众化时代的到来,中国高等教育的教学质量、尤其是本科教育的教学质量有所下降,其中,尤为明显的一点则为教授对本科教学任务的回避以及本科教育中师生交流的缺失。造成师生交流缺失的原因,一方面源于中国学术界现存的“重科研、轻教学”的理念及教科研不同的评价体制和利益导向,另一方面源于中国高校师资力量的匮乏以及现任教师自身水平较低。要想解决这个问题,除了重塑大学教学职能的中心地位,加强利用现代通信手段外,更重要的是要加强制度层面的引导和完善。 相似文献
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《Journal of Further & Higher Education》2012,36(2):271-290
In an attempt to raise China’s international competitiveness, the Chinese government has instituted a series of sweeping reforms in recent years, all with the aim of rapidly expanding the number of higher education places within tertiary institutions. However, this rapid rate of expansion has led to a new set of problems, most notably a scarcity of resources, a drop in educational quality, and a weak international academic standing. In recent years, the Ministry of Education has attempted to alleviate these problems by initiating a series of employment reforms. However, the new reforms have posed a new set of challenges for university academics. Based on the data reported in this study, we can see an increased implementation of managerial measures into the university employment system. The new employment system was viewed by university academics with a great deal of scepticism and disagreement. Ultimately, after serious consideration, the academics we interviewed chose to sacrifice their standards of living in order to maintain a focus on producing serious academic work. However, they also urged the state and university to offer a more agreeable environment in which professors could concentrate on authentic academic endeavors without having to sacrifice work stability. 相似文献