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从中国区域知识产权保护的空间关联性视角出发,基于2004—2018年249个城市的面板数据,运用SBM模型测度城市绿色全要素生产率指标,通过空间杜宾模型考察中国区域知识产权保护对绿色全要素生产率的直接效应与溢出效应,探讨该空间效应的异质性特征并揭示知识产权保护促进地区绿色发展的具体路径。研究发现,知识产权保护能够同时提升本地区和邻区绿色全要素生产率,且对邻区绿色发展的促进作用远高于本地;对位于东部地区、规模大以及交易市场正常运行的城市而言,知识产权保护的绿色发展促进效应更为显著;地区知识产权保护主要通过促进技术进步以达到提升地区绿色经济增长的效果。基于以上研究结果,提出以下政策建议：东部地区以及城市规模大的地方政府应营造良好的研发创新环境并保障知识技术创造者的合理合法权益;中西部地区以及规模较小的城市则应积极建立与大城市之间的技术帮扶关联,强化地区间的技术交流和信息流动。 相似文献
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基于人力资本的功能和资本的经济属性，将人力资本结构划分为促进资源转换的科技创新人力资本、促进资源有效配置的企业家人力资本和提高资源充分利用的政府人力资本。采用超效率SBM-GML指数模型测算中国绿色全要素生产率的地级市数据，运用空间杜宾模型分析三种人力资本对城市绿色全要素生产率的空间效应。结果表明：（1）城市绿色全要素生产率、绿色技术效率和绿色技术进步各自存在显著的空间正自相关性；（2）在全域空间上，资源转换型人力资本和资源利用型人力资本显著促进本地绿色全要素生产率的提升，资源配置型人力资本则表现出抑制作用；（3）在区域和人口规模不同的城市，三种人力资本对绿色全要素生产率的影响呈现出异质性特征。最后给出从三种人力资本结构角度，提升绿色全要素生产率的政策建议。 相似文献
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基于科技服务业集聚对绿色全要素生产率（GTFP）的影响机理，以长三角地区41个城市2010—2019年的面板数据为研究样本，通过SBM-GML模型测算其绿色全要素生产率，并构建空间杜宾模型实证检验科技服务业集聚对绿色全要素生产率的影响。研究发现，科技服务业集聚能够有效促进当地绿色全要素生产率的增长，科技服务业集聚水平每提高1%,GTFP就会增长0.104%；相邻地区科技服务业集聚对本地区GTFP的提升有着明显的空间溢出效应，若忽略这种影响，则会大大降低科技服务业集聚对城市GTFP影响的提升作用。最后，为发挥科技服务业集聚对GTFP的促进作用，提出政策建议。 相似文献
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《软科学》2019,(4):40-43
运用DEA-Malmquist指数法测度了2007～2016年中国省域的绿色全要素生产率及分解指数,并引入空间Durbin计量模型分析区域绿色全要素生产率的空间溢出效应及影响因素。结果表明:技术效率的改善是绿色全要素生产率提升的主要动因,而技术变化起着负面影响;省级区域的绿色全要素生产率存在明显的空间溢出作用,并且这种空间溢出作用在逐渐加强。同时,各省区的经济发展水平对本省区绿色全要素生产率有显著正向促进作用,产业结构、能源消费结构、外商直接投资、污染治理力度在一定程度上阻碍本省区绿色全要素生产率的提升;一个省区的经济发展水平对除本省市外的其他省区绿色全要素生产率有显著正向影响,产业结构和能源消费结构对除本省市外的其他省区绿色全要素生产率有显著负面效果。 相似文献
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新型城镇化提升了中国农业绿色全要素生产率吗?——基于空间溢出效应及门槛特征 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
基于2006-2017年中国30个省份的面板数据,采用基于SBM方向性距离函数的GML指数法和熵值法测算30个省份农业绿色全要素生产率和新型城镇化水平;在此基础上,通过构建空间计量模型和面板门槛模型,探讨新型城镇化发展对农业绿色全要素生产率影响的空间溢出效应和门槛特征.结果表明:新型城镇化对农业绿色全要素生产率存在显著的负向空间溢出效应;以经济发展水平为门槛,新型城镇化对农业绿色全要素生产率的影响存在单一门槛效应,跨过门槛值时新型城镇化对农业绿色全要素生产率影响的负向效应逐渐减弱;各省份经济发展水平呈现非均衡性,使得各地区新型城镇化对农业绿色全要素生产率影响的差异性明显,属于低门槛值的省份逐渐减少,而属于高门槛值的省份主要集中在东部地区.根据研究结论,建议各级地方政府在制定新型城镇化建设和农业生产政策时因地制宜,推动城镇向集约化、智能化和绿色化发展,并注重推动工业化、城镇化和农业现代化协调发展,从而促进农业绿色全要素生产率提升. 相似文献
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为探究环境规制政策是否能够实现碳减排和经济增长的“双红利”,本研究采用松弛模型的方向距离函数(SBM-DDF)模型和空间面板计量方法,通过测算2006-2016年中国省域全要素碳生产率,刻画中国省域全要素碳生产率的空间特征,进一步厘清环境规制、技术创新对全要素碳生产率的影响机理。研究结果显示：(1)中国各省份全要素碳生产率存在显著的空间集聚特征,其中高-高集聚(H-H)省份多位于东部沿海发达地区,而低-低集聚(L-L)省份多位中西部欠发达地区;(2)环境规制会促进全要素碳生产率的提升,且环境规制对全要素碳生产率的“本地效应”大于“邻地效应”;(3)技术创新在环境规制对全要素碳生产率的影响中存在部分中介效应。 相似文献
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本文利用2002-2012年中国分省面板数据,借助于随机前沿模型和空间面板计量模型对各省域研发全要素生产率的空间溢出效应及其地理距离特征进行了分析。研究发现:中国研发全要素生产率呈现显著的空间溢出效应,且溢出效应随着时间推移不断加强,而随着地理阈值增加不断衰弱;东部地区研发全要素生产率的空间溢出效应最大,中部地区次之,西部地区最低;从全国范围来看,无论是智力资本投入还是物质资本投入均能显著提升研发全要素生产率;从分区域来看,物质资本对东部地区研发全要素生产率的驱动空间接近消失,而中、西部地区存在智力资本存量不足和层次偏低的问题。 相似文献
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为准确评估试点城市建设的绿色发展效应及不同试点政策之间的协同作用,将低碳城市和创新型城市双试点作为研究对象,基于2007—2020年中国282个城市的面板数据,使用多期DID模型实证检验双试点城市建设对绿色全要素生产率的影响效果及其作用机制。实证结果表明,相较于非双试点城市,双试点政策能显著促进城市绿色全要素生产率的增长,并且,相较于单试点政策,低碳城市和创新型双试点城市建设对地区经济绿色发展的推动作用更为明显。进一步研究发现,双试点城市可以通过提升城市绿色技术创新水平与优化产业结构两条途径促进绿色全要素生产率的增长。异质性分析表明,双试点城市建设对东部城市和非资源型城市绿色全要素生产率的促进作用更为明显。 相似文献
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Marjorie Armstrong-Stassen Margaret Landstrom Ramona Lumpkin 《The Information Society》1998,14(2):153-164
This study examined how students who had no prior experience with videoconferencing would react to the use of videoconferencing as an instructional medium. Students enrolled in seven different courses completed a questionnaire at the beginning of the semester and again at the end of the semester. Students at the origination and remote sites did not differ in their reactions toward videoconferencing but there was a significant difference for gender. Women reacted less favorably to videoconferencing. Compared to the beginning of the semester, students reported significantly less positive attitudes toward taking a course through videoconferencing at the end of the semester. There were no significant differences in students' attitudes toward videoconferencing across courses at the beginning of the semester but there were significant differences across the courses at the end of the semester. The results suggest the need for better preparation for both students and instructors. 相似文献
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A joint study by Prof. ZHANG Zhibin from the CAS Institute of Zoology his co-workers from Norway US Swiss have indicated that historical outbreaks of migratory locusts in China were associated with cold spells suggesting that China's projected climate warming could decrease the pest's numbers. The study was published in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences on September .…… 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):6-7
Ajoint study by Prof. ZHANG Zhibin from the CAS Institute of Zoology and his co-workers from Norway, US and Swiss have indicated that historical outbreaks of migratory locusts in China were associated with cold spells, suggesting that China＇s projected climate warming could decrease the pest＇s numbers. The study was published in Proceedings of theNational Academy of Sciences on 17 September, 2007. 相似文献
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Caroline Haythornthwaite 《The Information Society》2001,17(3):211-226
A computer-mediated group is a complex entity whose members exchange many types of information via multiple means of communication in pursuit of goals specific to their environment. Over time, they coordinate technical features of media with locally enacted use to achieve a viable working arrangement. To explore this complex interaction, a case study is presented of the social networks of interactions and media use among members of a class of computer-supported distance learners. Results show how group structures associated with project teams dominated who communicated with whom, about what, and via which media over the term, and how media came to occupy their own communication niches: Webboard for diffuse class-wide communication; Internet Relay Chat more to named others but still for general communication across the class; and e-mail primarily for intrateam communication. Face-to-face interaction, occurring only during a short on-campus session, appears to have had a catalytic effect on social and emotional exchanges. Results suggest the need to structure exchanges to balance class-wide sharing of ideas with subgroup interactions that facilitate project completion, and to provide media that support these two modes of interaction. 相似文献
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《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):2-3
CAS should stick to the principle of rendering service to, and giving impetus for, the development of China＇s science enterprise by making S＆T innovations, said CAS President LU Yongxiang. The CAS president made the remarks in a recent talk to communicate the gist of the winter session of the Party＇s Leading-member Group at CAS, which was held from 7 to 11 January in Beijing. 相似文献
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Electronic data interchange (EDI) provides means for interorganizational communication, creates network externalities, requires an advanced information technology (IT) infrastructure, and relies on standards. In the diffusion of such innovations, institutional involvement is imperative. Such institutions contain governmental agencies, national and global standardization organizations, local government, and nonprofit private organizations like industry associations. The last type of organizations we call intermediating institutions. They intermediate or coordinate ("inscribe") the activities of a group of would-be adopters. Unfortunately, little is known of how these organizations shape the EDI diffusion trajectory. In this article we examine one specific type of intermediating organizations?industry associations?and how they advanced the EDI diffusion process in the grocery sectors of Hong Kong, Denmark and Finland. We identify six institutional measures, placed into a matrix formed by the mode of involvement (influence vs. regulation) and the type of diffusion force (supply push vs. demand pull), that can be mobilized to further the EDI diffusion. Industry associations were found to be active users of all these measures to varying degrees. Their role was critical especially in knowledge building, knowledge deployment, and standard setting. Furthermore, institutional involvement varied due to policy and cultural contingencies and power dependencies. 相似文献
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《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1)
With great care, Dr. ZHOU Zhonghe takes out a package wrapped by cotton tissue from a drawer and says: "This is the gem of our collections: the fossil of a bird that lived 125 million years ago!" Then, pointing at a tiny mound, he explains: "Look, this is the claw and that is the head. It was in the egg shell and ready to hatch ... The species fell into a family of waterside inhabitants." 相似文献
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Puay Tang 《The Information Society》1998,14(1):19-31
The increasing prospects of digital piracy has prompted the perceived need by electronic publishers to adopt technical systems of protection, and governments to reform their copyright laws. This article is a preliminary study of the management of intellectual property by electronic publishers, defined as those involved in the production of online databases, and CD-ROMs. It focuses on three main issues: (1) how electronic publishers view the increasing threat of piracy; (2) the methods of protection employed to protect intellectual property in digital format; and (3) the importance of technological protection of intellectual property in electronic publications. The analysis is based on a sample of 23 UK electronic publishers. The interviews revealed an interesting assortment of protection methods and did not show that technological protection was a preferred way. Instead, the means of protection, in addition to copyright law, comprised niche markets, pricing, trust, bad publicity, and nontechnical and technical means. 相似文献
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Milton Mueller 《The Information Society》2001,17(3):151-163
Long-standing conflict between domain name registrants and trademark holders prompted the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN) to create a global, mandatory arbitration procedure known as the Uniform Dispute Resolution Policy (UDRP). The UDRP has been used in 2166 cases involving 3938 domain names as of 1 November 2000. The policy gives the initiator of a complaint, generally a trademark holder, the right to choose which ICANN-accredited dispute resolution service provider (RSP) will handle the case. During the preparation of the UDRP,some feared that complainant selection would lead to "forum shopping" that might bias the results. This article performs a statistical assessment of the forum-shopping thesis and finds support for it. There are statistically significant differences in the various RSPs' propensity to take away names from defendants; there are also major differences in the number of cases brought to each RSP. RSPs who take away names have the larger share of cases. The study examines other variables that might explain differences in market share, such as price, the plaintiff's nationality, or the time taken to decide a case. It finds that nationality and time also are correlated with market share. The study concludes that shopping for a favorable outcome is an important factor in the UDRP. 相似文献
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Prof. Raymond C.K. Chen a neuropsychologist with the CAS Institute of Psychology has made novel progress in his studies of schizophrenia. His work has been reported by a recent issue of Behavioural Neurology.…… 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):15-15
Prof. Raymond C.K. Chen, a neuropsychologist with the CAS Institute of Psychology, has made novel progress in his studies of schizophrenia. His work has been reported by a recent issue of Behavioural Neurology. 相似文献
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《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2014,(3)
<正>In Xishuangbanna,one of China’s most biodiverse regions,landscape has changed dramatically during the past three decades due to the conversion of tropical rainforest to rubber plantations.In steep areas,terraces are often constructed before planting rubber trees,which causes two important changes in the soil:the destabilization of soil in the bench terraces and the increased vulnerability of unvegetated riser faces to erosion.Few studies have documented the nature and intensity of erosion on bench terraces.Prof.LIU Wenjie and his colleagues from the Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden(XTBG)conducted a study in Menglun County(21°5′39″N,101°15′55″E),Xishuangbanna to evaluate the influence 相似文献