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1.
氨和运动   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
氨是氨基酸代谢的产物。运动时肌肉氨基酸代谢增强,运动肌肉从摄取氨转向释放氨;运动使肝血流量下降,氨通过合成尿素而解毒的速率下降,使血氨浓度升高。本文论述了运动时骨骼肌产氨的途径,高血氨对中枢神经系统的影响,以及高血氨与周围疲劳和中枢性疲劳的关系。  相似文献   

2.
赵茜 《湖北体育科技》2011,30(3):316-317,306
运动中血氨水平与性别、年龄、遗传等多方面先天因素有关,同时受运动强度和时间的影响.短时间力竭运动与血乳酸浓度呈正相关.探讨血氨的影响因素及运动能力、负荷强度对指导和应用科学训练具有重要意义.  相似文献   

3.
运动与氨代谢关系的研究进展   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
运动中机体氨代谢增强。氨的主要来源:短时间高强度运动为骨骼肌的嘌呤核苷酸循环,长时间力竭性运动主要与骨骼肌大量摄取支链氨基酸有关。运动强度递增及长时间力竭运动,骨骼肌产氨增多。短时间力竭运动血氨与血乳酸的浓度呈正相关。运动性疲劳的产生亦与运动后高血氨水平密切相关。因此,血氨可以用作评定运动负荷的强度和量度、运动员机体的机能状态、疲劳程度及运动训练程度的有效指标。  相似文献   

4.
血氨测定在运动人体科学中的应用   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
总结了近年来运动与血氨水平的相关研究。剧烈运动中,氨主要的来源是单磷酸腺苷的脱氨基,而在次最大强度运动中支链氨基酸的分解占重要地位。比较了血氨与血乳酸对运动的反应;总结了影响血氨水平的各种因素;综述了血氨测定在监测与指导运动训练、间接测定肌纤维成分及肌肉糖原水平中的应用。  相似文献   

5.
不同强度训练对男子皮划艇运动员血清睾酮水平的影响   总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6  
实验证明,男子皮艇运动员在中等强度、大强度运动后,血T浓度升高,其机理可能与儿茶酚胺的释放有关。因此,运动中血T水平可对运动强度进行监测评定。  相似文献   

6.
血氧含量的近红外测定及其在运动实践中的应用   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
利用基于近红外光谱原理研制的便携式组织血氧测量系统,对8名运动员在功率自行车上作五级递增负荷运动时的血氧含量进行了在体、实时、连续监测,同时利用血乳酸分析仪测定了受试在每级负荷运动后即刻的血乳酸浓度。结果表明,运动过程中骨骼肌组织内血氧含量随着运动强度的增加呈现出规律性的变化;随着运动强度的增加。氧合血红蛋白含量逐渐下降,还原血红蛋白含量逐渐上升,血容量呈下降性的变化,血乳酸浓度呈现出升高的变化。经统计学分析,氧合血红蛋白与血乳酸浓度之间具有较高的相关性(相关系数r=0.918)。  相似文献   

7.
目的:观察穴位敷贴缓解运动性疲劳的效果及对运动成绩的影响。方法:将20名足球运动员随机分为穴位敷贴组和空白对照组,穴位敷贴组采用药物贴对受试者神阙穴、气海穴、足三里穴进行敷贴,对照组采用安慰贴对受试者上述穴位进行敷贴。对两组受试者进行主观感觉疲劳程度评分(RPE)、运动心情评价(POMS)、情绪状态总估价(TMD);检测受试者血乳酸和血氨浓度;记录受试者8 00 m全力跑成绩。结果:穴位敷贴可减轻受试者主观疲劳感觉,与治疗前相比,显著降低RPE值(P〈0.01);穴位敷贴可缓解运动员因疲劳而产生的消极情绪,降低TMD分值,与治疗前相比有统计学差异(P〈0.05)。穴位敷贴可升高运动后4 min机体血乳酸(P〈0.05)和血氨浓度(P〈0.05),降低运动后20 min机体血乳酸(P〈0.05)及血氨浓度(P〈0.05),显著提高受试者8 00 m跑成绩(P〈0.01)。结论:穴位敷贴可减轻运动员的主观疲劳感觉,缓解运动员因运动疲劳而产生的消极情绪,促进运动员机体内血乳酸和血氨的代谢,提高运动员耐缺氧能力,进而缓解运动性疲劳临床症状,促进运动性疲劳的恢复,提高运动成绩。  相似文献   

8.
内关注射VE加丹参液延缓运动性疲劳的研究   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
用7只新西兰纯种家兔进行自身对照实验,分别检测家兔在安静状态、疲劳状态和内关穴位注射VE加丹参液后疲劳状态时血中SOD、LPO、HCO3浓度和PH值的变化.并探讨了这些变化对运动能力的影响以及内关穴位用药后对延缓疲劳的作用。实验结果表明.家兔运动至疲劳状态时血中LPO显著升高,HCO3和PH值明显降低.内关穴位注射VE加丹参液后血中SOD、HCO3和PH值升高,LPO浓度显著下降,家兔运动至疲劳的时间延长,运动能力明显提高,疲劳的出现被延缓。  相似文献   

9.
不同距离游泳对血氨及血乳酸水平的影响及其机制的研究   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
以专项游泳运动员作为研究对象,探讨游泳运动与血氨、血乳酸的关系、变化规律及其可能机制。研究发现,短时间剧烈运动中血氨水平的变化反映了无氧供能系统的代谢平衡状况。血氨与运动强度关系密切,相对运动强度越大,血氨峰值越高,血氨的肌血弥散速率越快,恢复亦越快。  相似文献   

10.
测定了少年男子武术套路运动员组(12人)和普通对照组(5人)在连续递增负荷的蹬车运动中血氨、血乳酸、VE/VO2指标的变化曲线。结果显示,两组人员在运动过程中血氨、血乳酸、VE/VO2指标随运动强度的增加有规律上升,运动初期上升速度缓慢,当运动负荷增加到100W以上,三种指标上升速度加剧。结果提示,少年男子武术套路运动员比对照组有较好的心肺机能,血氨、血乳酸、VE/VO2指标与运动强度有高度相关性,三种指标联合使用可以更精确地评定运动强度、机体的机能状态及训练程度,指导少年武术套路运动员的运动训练。  相似文献   

11.
This article summarizes previous studies on blood ammonia levels in relation to exercise. The dynamics of blood ammonia were reviewed with consideration to its production, removal, and distribution in various tissue compartments. During intense exercise, the primary source of ammonia is adenosine monophosphate deamination. Catabolism of branched-chain amino acids becomes important during submaximal exercise. Ammonia response to various types of exercise was also compared to lactate response. A comprehensive summary on factors affecting blood ammonia levels is provided. These reveal the possibility of applying blood ammonia measurement in monitoring and prescribing exercise, indirect measurement of muscle fiber composition, and muscle glycogen levels. However, more studies need to be conducted to evaluate these possibilities before blood ammonia measurement can be widely used.  相似文献   

12.
对135名专项成绩达二级以上水平的受试者800米跑比赛前后的血氨、血乳酸水平进行运动现场实地检测,结果发现,800米跑后受试者血氨及血乳酸均显著高于运动前水平(P<0.01及P<0.001);血氨男性高于女性(P<0.05),血氨与血乳酸水平的变化完全一致,但血乳酸未见明显的性别差异。结果表明,800米跑血氨与血乳酸相伴变化,血氨可以作为评定运动负荷强度、量度的较理想指标。为血氨指标的实际应用提供了大样本检测数据。  相似文献   

13.
观察补充支链氨基酸(BCAA)后大鼠力竭游泳运动恢复期下丘脑细胞外液BCAA、游离色氨酸(f-Trp)和5-羟色胺(5-HT)的变化,分析补充BCAA是否能够提高大鼠的运动能力,比较补充BCAA的效果,探索补充BCAA的最佳剂量。方法:将32只大鼠随机分为对照组、小剂量补充组[1.25g/(kg·BW-1)]、中剂量补充组[2.5g/kg·BW-1)]和大剂量补充组[5g/(kg·BW-1)],每组8只。BCAA补充方案为:每天上午补充一次,每周6次(周日暂停),持续6周。6周后,在大鼠进行力竭游泳运动前一天下午取大鼠尾血测试血氨。采用毛细管电泳-激光诱导荧光法检测大鼠下丘脑细胞外液BCAA、f-Trp和5-HT的浓度。结论:血氨随着BCAA补充剂量的增加而升高,小剂量补充BCAA对机体血氨的生成无影响;补充BCAA能提高大鼠力竭游泳运动能力,但并不随BCAA补充剂量的增加而提高;补充BCAA可能提高了血浆BCAA与f-Trp竞争通过血脑屏障的能力且具有推迟和减少脑5-HT生成的作用;小剂量[1.25g/(kg·BW-1)]补充BCAA对提高大鼠运动能力效果最佳。  相似文献   

14.
In this study, we assessed the influence that pre-exercise glucose ingestion of two concentrations has on the physiological responses of paraplegic athletes. Eight men with paraplegia ingested a drink containing 4% (low) or 11% (high) carbohydrate in a randomized double-blind crossover design, 20 min before exercise. The participants performed wheelchair exercise at 65% of peak oxygen uptake for 1 h followed by a 20 min performance test. During both trials, the physiological responses were similar and indicated steady-state exercise. At the onset of exercise, blood glucose concentrations in both trials increased after carbohydrate ingestion (P < 0.05) before returning to resting values after 20 min of exercise and there were no differences between trials. Free fatty acid concentrations increased from rest to 1 h of exercise in both trials, with a greater increase during the low carbohydrate trial that led to a difference in free fatty acids between trials at the end of the 1 h tests (P < 0.05). There was a tendency for the performance distances and power outputs achieved during the high carbohydrate trial to be greater than those achieved during the low carbohydrate trial (P= 0.08). In conclusion, when paraplegic athletes ingested low and high carbohydrate drinks before exercise, the decline in blood glucose concentrations was similar. The tendency for higher blood glucose concentrations, respiratory exchange ratios and power outputs and lower free fatty acid concentrations (P < 0.05) during the high carbohydrate trial suggests that a higher concentration of carbohydrate in a sports drink might be a better choice for paraplegic athletes.  相似文献   

15.
测定了男性大学生短时间力竭运动前后不同时刻血清GH、BG和LA的浓度。结果显示:短时间力竭运动后即刻BG浓度显著高于运动前安静值(P<0 01);运动后30min、运动后60min时BG浓度与安静值无显著性差异,运动后BG浓度呈恢复趋势;运动后即刻、运动后30min时血液LA水平显著高于运动前安静值(P<0 01),运动后60min时LA水平高于运动前安静值(P<0 05),呈恢复趋势;短时间力竭运动后血液LA浓度的变化与GH浓度的变化呈显著正相关(r=0 83,P<0 01)。研究认为,剧烈运动后血液LA水平与GH水平所表现出的相关性有可能是两者与运动强度的相关,安静时低BG所引起的GH分泌增多取决于中枢对BG代谢的利用性,而非血液BG水平。  相似文献   

16.
Abstract

The synergistic stimulating effect of combined intake of carbohydrate and protein on plasma insulin concentration has been reported previously. However, it remains unclear whether the amount of protein ingested after exercise affects the concentrations of plasma insulin and amino acids. This study of trained men compared the effects of post-exercise co-ingestion of carbohydrate plus different amounts of whey protein hydrolysates (WPHs) with carbohydrate alone on (1) blood biochemical parameters of carbohydrate metabolism during the post-exercise phase, and (2) endurance performance. Eight trained men exercised continuously for 70 min. Immediately after exercise and 30, 60, 90, and 120 min later, the participants received supplements containing: (1) 17.5 g carbohydrate, (2) 3.0 g WPHs and 17.5 g carbohydrate (L-WPH), or (3) 8.0 g WPHs and 17.5 g carbohydrate (H-WPH). After a 2-h recovery period, the participants performed an endurance performance test. The concentrations of blood glucose were lower and plasma insulin significantly higher in the H-WPH trial compared with the carbohydrate trial. The concentrations of plasma amino acids were increased in a dose-dependent manner following ingestion of different amounts of WPHs with carbohydrate. Endurance performance was not significantly different between the three trials. Co-ingestion of carbohydrate and H-WPH was more effective than ingestion of carbohydrate alone for stimulating insulin secretion and increasing the availability of plasma amino acids. These results suggest that plasma concentrations of amino acids during the recovery period are determined by the amount of dietary protein ingested, and that it is necessary to increase the concentration of plasma amino acids above a certain level to stimulate insulin secretion.  相似文献   

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