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男子400m跑速度分配的特征研究 总被引：14，自引：1，他引：13
运用文献资料法和数理统计法,对参加1997 年世界田径锦标赛男子400 m 跑决赛的8 名运动员分段速度的特征与成绩的关系进行了分析。结果表明,最快分段速度与最慢分段速度之间、前200 m 成绩与后200 m 成绩之间的差距越小,成绩越好 相似文献
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戴勇 《山东体育学院学报》2008,24(8)
对世界优秀男子400m运动员速度参数进行统计处理与比较分析，结果表明：最快分段速度与400m成绩不存在显著性相关，而与其它重要速度指标的关系，具有此消彼长的特征；如果阶段速度的优势无法带来整体速度的优势，反而带来对后程速度诸多的负面影响而造成最快分段速度的利用率降低，那么阶段速度的优势对成绩的贡献在一定程度上将失去意义；合理控制最快分段速度，有效提高全程最快分段速度利用率，保持全程速度的相对平稳性，才是发挥速度水平的重要保证。 相似文献
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400 m跑竞赛成绩与100 m跑分段相应速度回归分析 总被引：11，自引：2，他引：9
收集、整理了世界28名优秀的400 m跑运动员的竞赛成绩及100 m分段速度等相关资料,并以其为研究对象和研究样本,运用数理统计学的相关、多元回归等方法进行了定量分析,初步探明了400 m竞赛成绩与各分段速度之间的相关关系,建立了400 m竞赛成绩与各段速度的回归方程,制定了400 m跑竞赛各分段相应速度表. 相似文献
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通过对世界优秀100m跑的运动员成绩的统计分析，发现随着100m成绩的提高，其分段变得日益模糊，文章以最大速度的98％作为分界点，并提出了在分段的过程中，单高峰曲线和双（多）高峰曲线的100m的分段要区别对待的观点。 相似文献
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浅析起跑对100m成绩的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
100m短跑中的起跑虽然占成绩的比重不大，但是却对100m跑的成绩影响很大，分析第6届世界田径锦标赛100m跑的数据参数，起跑反应以及100m各分段速度和最终100m成绩，显示起跑在比赛中起很大的作用，是提高比赛成绩的重要因素。 相似文献
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现代男子400m跑运动的多元分析 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
张继辉 《武汉体育学院学报》2003,37(1):90-91
运用回归分析、因子分析、聚类分析的方法，对世界优秀400m跑运动员的各分段100m成绩与总成绩进行研究。揭示了分段100m与400m成绩之间的相关关系和当今世界优秀选手的基本特征，为400m运动成绩的提高提供科学依据，具有一定的指导意义。 相似文献
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梁荣发 《体育科技文献通报》2006,14(6):82-82
运用统计学的相关研究方法,对世界优秀女子200m跑运动员的各50m分段成绩与总成绩进行分析研究。揭示各50m分段时间与200m成绩之间的相关关系和当今世界优秀女子200m跑运动员速度分配的基本特征。1.简单相关分析表明,在第3个50m分段能保持良好的速度,是赢得比赛的根本保证,偏相关分析表明,各50m分段时间与200m成绩的偏相关关系绝对值大小排列为｜r4｜>｜r1｜>｜r3｜>｜r2｜(r1代表第1个50m分段,r2代表第2个50m分段,依此类推),这说明能够在第4个50m分段维持较高速度相当重要。2.建立了4个50m分段时间与200m成绩之间的多元回归模型:Y=0.306+0.… 相似文献
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This study examined the effect of carbohydrate ingestion on metabolic and performance-related responses during and after a simulated 1h cycling time trial. Eight trained male cyclists (VO 2 peak = 66.5ml kg -1 min -1 ) rode their own bicycles mounted on a windload simulator to imitate real riding conditions. At a self-selected maximal pace, the cyclists performed two 1h rides (separated by 7 days) and were fed either an 8% carbohydrate or placebo solution. The beverages were administered 25 min before (4.5ml kg -1 ) and at the end (4.5ml kg -1 ) of the ride. With carbohydrate feeding, plasma glucose tended (P = 0.21) to rise before the time trial. Compared with rest, the plasma glucose concentration decreased significantly (P < 0.05) at the end of both rides, with no statistically significant difference being observed between treatments. Thereafter, plasma glucose increased significantly (P < 0.05) at 15 and 30 min into recovery, and was significantly higher at 30 min during the carbohydrate trial compared with the placebo trial. No significant changes in plasma free fatty acids were observed during the ride. However, a significant increase (P < 0.05) in free fatty acids was found at 15 and 30 min into recovery, with no difference between trials. Mean power output was significantly (P < 0.05) greater during the carbohydrate compared with the placebo trial (mean - S.E.: 277-3 and 269-3W, respectively). The greater distance covered in the carbohydrate compared with the placebo trial (41.5-1.06 and 41.0–1.06km, respectively; P < 0.05) was equivalent to a 44s improvement. We conclude that pre-exercise carbohydrate ingestion significantly increases endurance performance in trained cyclists during a 1h simulated time trial. Although the mechanism for this enhancement in performance with carbohydrate ingestion cannot be surmised from the present results, it could be related to a higher rate of carbohydrate oxidation, or to favourable effects of carbohydrate ingestion on the central component of fatigue. 相似文献
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Roy J. Shephard 《Journal of sports sciences》2013,31(7):603-620
The biology and medicine of rowing are briefly reviewed. Effort in a 2000 -m race is about 70% aerobic. Because the boat (and in some instances a cox) must be propelled, successful competitors are very tall, with a large lean mass and aerobic power. Large hearts may lead to erroneous diagnoses of a cardiomyopathy. Large respiratory minute volumes must be developed by chest muscles that are also involved in rowing. The vital capacity is typically large, and breathing becomes entrained. Expiration cannot be slowed relative to inspiration (as normally occurs at high rates of ventilation) and the limiting flow velocity may be reached, with the potential for airway collapse. Performance is strongly related to the power output at the ‘anaerobic threshold’, and lactate measures provide a guide to an appropriate intensity of endurance training. Peak blood lactate levels are higher in males (commonly 11–19 mmol·l -1 and occasionally as high as 25 mmol·l -1) than in females (9–11 mmol·l -1), probably because males have a greater muscle mass in relation to blood volume. The skeletal muscles are predominantly slow twitch in type, developing an unusual force and power at low contraction velocities. Many rowers have a suboptimal diet, eating excessive amounts of fat. Lightweight rowers also have problems of weight cycling. Aerobic power and muscle endurance often change by 10% over the season, but such fluctuations can be largely avoided by a well-designed winter training programme. Injuries include back and knee problems, tenosynovitis of the wrist and, since the introduction of large blades, fractures of the costae. 相似文献
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许良 《体育科技文献通报》2011,19(2):1-4
基于1985、1995和2005年全国学生体质调研数据,对各时期我国城乡学生形态、机能、体能发展水平进行系统地定量研究,动态分析20年全国城乡学生体质发展的特点与规律。主要研究结果：（1）近20年城乡学生生长发育持续提前,城市学生各项形态指标生长水平高于乡村,身高城乡差距缩小,体重、胸围城乡差距加大;（2）城市学生肺活量水平高于乡村,城乡学生肺活量20年持续下降,前10年乡村学生下降快、后10年城市学生下降快;（3）乡村学生800m、1000m跑水平高于城市,城市女生50m跑、仰卧起坐水平高于乡村,其他素质城乡学生水平波动较大;（4）城市女生50m跑20年持续下降,城乡学生800m和1000m跑、城市学生50m×8往返跑20年加速下降,其他素质20年间有增有降发展极不平稳。 相似文献
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采用测量、问卷调查、数理统计等方法,分析定向运动学习前后对大学生身心健康的影响.结果经T检验和x2检验且表明：定向运动不仅能增强学生体质健康水平,而且有助于学生的情绪调节,增强自信心与创新意识,培养勇敢顽强的意志品质,建立良好的人际关系,能有效地促进学生身心健康发展.为了全面提高大学生整体素质,积极实践,构建定向运动课内外一体化教学模式,进行定向运动课程模块化教学,以满足学生的多元化需求. 相似文献
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Alan M. Nevill Roger L. Holder Andrew Bardsley Helen Calvert Stephen Jones 《Journal of sports sciences》2013,31(4):437-443
A regression analysis of competitors' tournament results in relation to their world rankings was proposed to identify the effect of home advantage in international ‘grand-slam’ tennis and ‘major’ golf tournaments. The results provided little evidence of home advantage in either the grand-slam tennis or the golf tournaments held in 1993. The only possible evidence of home advantage was found in the Wimbledon tennis and the US Open golf championships. Even these findings can be explained, at least partially, by (1) the availability of information concerning the low world rankings of the British tennis players competing at Wimbledon, and (2) selective entry, allowing only the world's top-ranked foreign golfers into the US open golf tournament. In both cases, the lower ranking home competitors have a greater opportunity to perform above their anticipated world rankings. Therefore, provided entry into tennis and golf tournaments is truly ‘open’ to both the host nation's representatives and foreign competitors alike, home advantage does not appear to be a major factor influencing the competitors' performance in such competitions. These findings may be explained by the relatively objective nature of the scoring systems used in tennis and golf, unlike the subjective influence of refereeing decisions on the results of team-games such as soccer. 相似文献
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曲爱宁 《体育科技文献通报》2007,15(8):97-98
柔韧素质是健美操专业学生的专项素质之一,通过对普通高校健美操专业学生分组对照进行柔韧性训练的实验研究,认为对训练肌群辅以按摩器振颤刺激,可大大提高柔韧性训练效果。 相似文献
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我国城市体育自然环境建设与发展的研究 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
采用实地调查研究、理性思维研究和文献资料调研等方法对主要问题进行了专门研究，提出了进行城市体育场所区域生态功能区划、设计体育生态功能区布局的方案、做好体育场所绿色环境系统规划、制定体育场所生态与绿地管理措施等基本观点，提出了若干城市体育自然环境建设与发展的对策。 相似文献
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重新认识体育的社会关联 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
体育与政治之间存在一个悖论，体育的发展与经济实力之间没有直线相关，体育与教育部分重叠，体育与宗教最为近缘，体育可借用科学手段，体育的艺术禀性日益明显，体育与养生反映着两种人生观。 相似文献