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1.
Anna Efthimiadou Byron Asimakopoulos Nikos Nikolettos Alexandra Giatromanolaki Efthimios Sivridis Theodoros S. Lialiaris 《Journal of sports sciences》2013,31(8):849-854
Abstract Although angiogenetic therapy using recombinant growth factors holds much hope for the treatment of ischaemic diseases, there are still many unanswered questions, including the method of administration, the correct dose of these factors, and the duration of the therapeutic approach. Exercise has also been suggested to induce neovascularizaiton in muscles. We evaluated the angiogenetic effects of the intramuscular administration of basic-fibroblast growth factor (b-FGF) and acidic-fibroblast growth factor (a-FGF) in rat heart, compared with rats who exercised daily. In conclusion, both the intramuscular administration of b-FGF and exercise increased significantly angiogenesis in the heart in contrast to the intramuscular administration of a-FGF, which was ineffective. 相似文献
2.
目的:探究肌肉能量技术结合肌内效贴扎治疗肩周炎是否优于常规康复治疗手段。方法:收集金秋医院康复科门诊进行治疗的40名肩周炎患者,排除其他干扰因素后,将其随机分为实验组和对照组,每组20人,实验组在常规治疗肩周炎基础上采取肌肉能量技术和肌内效贴扎结合治疗,对照组进行常规治疗。结果:8周治疗后,两组患者主动关节活动度(AROM)、视觉类比评分(VAPS)等相关评分均明显优于治疗前(P<0.05),且实验组各项评分更优于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:在常规康复治疗的基础上应用肌肉能量技术与肌内效贴扎相结合的治疗措施能更有效地改善肩周炎患者的功能障碍,减轻患者痛苦,加快患者康复进程。 相似文献
3.
In this study, we examined patterns of leg muscle recruitment and co-activation, and the relationship between muscle recruitment and cadence, in highly trained cyclists. Electromyographic (EMG) activity of the tibialis anterior, tibialis posterior, peroneus longus, gastrocnemius lateralis and soleus was recorded using intramuscular electrodes, at individual preferred cadence, 57.5, 77.5 and 92.5 rev . min(-1). The influence of electrode type and location on recorded EMG was also investigated using surface and dual intramuscular recordings. Muscle recruitment patterns varied from those previously reported, but there was little variation in muscle recruitment between these highly trained cyclists. The tibialis posterior, peroneus longus and soleus were recruited in a single, short burst of activity during the downstroke. The tibialis anterior and gastrocnemius lateralis were recruited in a biphasic and alternating manner. Contrary to existing hypotheses, our results indicate little co-activation between the tibialis posterior and peroneus longus. Peak EMG amplitude increased linearly with cadence and did not decrease at individual preferred cadence. There was little variation in patterns of muscle recruitment or co-activation with changes in cadence. Intramuscular electrode location had little influence on recorded EMG. There were significant differences between surface and intramuscular recordings from the tibialis anterior and gastrocnemius lateralis, which may explain differences between our findings and those of previous studies. 相似文献
4.
《European Journal of Sport Science》2013,13(2):89-96
Abstract This study examined the influence of holding a bag with one hand on the center of foot pressure (COP) and the electromyographic responses in lower leg muscles. Thirteen healthy male adults participated in this study to keep an upright posture while holding a load with the dominant hand with four bag weight conditions (0%, 15%, 30%, and 45% of maximal voluntary contraction (MVC) of the jerk strength). Integrated Electromyography (iEMG) and mean power frequency (MPF) of EMG were calculated to estimate the degree of muscle activity and fatigue in the tibialis anterior and soleus that are involved in ankle joint control. Body sway was evaluated by the mean position of left-right (X) and front-back (Y) axis sway and the following 4 body sway factors; unit time sway factor (F1), front-back sway factor (F2), left-right sway factor (F3), high frequency band power spectrum factor (F4). When holding a bag at 45% MVC or more of the jerk strength with a single hand for one minute, muscle activity in the lower leg on the side of the bag increased markedly, and muscle fatigue was induced in the antigravity muscles of both legs. As a result, anteroposterior sway increased to a short, quick sway. 相似文献
5.
目的:碱性成纤维细胞生长因子(bFGF)有强烈诱导血管生成和修复血管损伤的作用,故其在心肌中的表达程度可以作为判断运动对心脏侧枝血管生成影响的指标.以雄性SD大鼠为实验对象,通过施加中等强度的游泳训练,观察运动训练对SD大鼠心肌组织学结构和bFGF表达的影响,为运动医学与心脏康复的理论和实践提供依据;方法:将32只健康雄性SD大鼠按体重随机分为2组:对照组(C组);运动组(E组),每组均为16只.C组安静饲养,不进行运动训练,但需放入过膝浅水中以模拟训练组环境;E组大鼠每周训练6天,每天训练1次.从第1周开始适应性游泳训练,第一次游泳5min,此后逐日累加5min,至第3周末时每天游满2h.此后,从第4周起维持这一运动量直至第8周.第8周进行游泳训练后,即刻处死各组大鼠,取出心脏称湿重以做心脏系数统计,并切取左心室前壁组织块,做HE染色和bRGF免疫组织化学染色.用光学显微镜观察各组心肌及心肌间质的变化,并用图像采集分析系统观测各组HE染色和bFGF免疫组织化学染色变化,做统计学处理;实验结果:1)一般情况观察:心脏重量和心系数,E组较C组显著增加(P＜0.01);2)心肌组织学观察,HE染色显示C组心肌组织形态正常;而E组呈现生理性肥大变化,心脏毛细血管功能结构产生了良好的重构,心肌组织之间毛细血管的密度增加;3)bFGF免疫组织化学染色结果观察,C组呈弱阳性表达;E组呈较强的阳性表达;心肌细胞中bFGF表达呈特异性棕黄染色颗粒,以计算机显微图像采集分析系统计算bFGF染色面积,发现E组大于C组(P＜0.01);bFGF染色平均密度E组大于C组(P＜0.01);bFGF染色积分光密度,E组均大于C组(P＜0.01);结论:本实验观察到,适宜的耐力运动训练可以使心肌细胞、心肌血管内皮细胞等部位bFGF的表达增强,改善心肌细胞的分子生物学特性、心脏毛细血管功能结构产生了良好的重构,心肌组织之间毛细血管的密度增加,毛细血管腔表面积密度增高,毛细血管与心肌纤维的比例增大,使心脏产生适应性生理肥大,表明中等强度的运动可以使心脏发生生理性肥大,其机理可能与bFGF的表达增强有关. 相似文献
6.
低氧运动诱导的骨骼肌血管内皮细胞生长因子(VEGF)蛋白和基因表达,及毛细血管新生反应都属于速发效应。慢性低氧下调了静息时VEGF及其受体的转录,其能否诱导毛细血管新生的研究结果并不一致。低氧训练可使骨骼肌毛细血管增生,长期低氧训练对安静时骨骼肌VEGFmRNA水平影响不大。慢性低氧和低氧训练均可抑制运动对VEGFmRNA上调的表达效应,对此负反馈现象的时间规律和机制有待进一步研究。 相似文献
7.
M. B. Cooper D. A. Jones R. H. T. Edwards C. Corbucci G. Montanari C. Trevisani 《Journal of sports sciences》2013,31(2):79-87
Carnitine is an essential co‐factor in the catabolism of fats as an energy source. The primary purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of running a marathon on the metabolism of carnitine by endurance‐trained athletes, and to evaluate the effect of carnitine administration on the performance of such exercise. The effects of marathon running on mitochondrial enzymes and cellular anti‐oxidants were also examined to assess whether the expression of these activities is altered by exercise. Subjects were 10 experienced male marathon runners aged between 19 and 25 years. Running a marathon caused a fall in the plasma content of unesterified carnitine (37%) and an increase in the level of acetylcarnitine present (288%). Loading of the athletes with L‐carnitine for 10 days before running a marathon abolished the exercise‐induced fall in plasma‐free carnitine (P<0.05) whilst amplifying the production of acetylcarnitine (P<0.05). Carnitine loading of the athletes studied made no detectable improvement in performance of the marathon (P > 0.05). Cytochrome oxidase, succinate cytochrome C reductase and Superoxide dismutase activities present in skeletal muscle were unaltered by marathon running. However, such exercise caused a large increase in the tissue content of oxidized glutathione (189%) at the expense of reduced glutathione (–18%). 相似文献
8.
《运动与健康科学(英文)》2021,10(6):637-647
Heart failure represents the end point of a variety of cardiovascular diseases. It is a growing health burden and a leading cause of death worldwide. To date, limited treatment options exist for the treatment of heart failure, but exercise has been well-established as one of the few safe and effective interventions, leading to improved outcomes in patients. However, a lack of patient adherence remains a significant barrier in the implementation of exercise-based therapy for the treatment of heart failure. The insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1)–phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) pathway has been recognized as perhaps the most critical pathway for mediating exercised-induced heart growth and protection. Here, we discuss how modulating activity of the IGF1–PI3K pathway may be a valuable approach for the development of therapies that mimic the protective effects of exercise on the heart. We outline some of the promising approaches being investigated that utilize PI3K-based therapy for the treatment of heart failure. We discuss the implications for cardiac pathology and cardiotoxicity that arise in a setting of reduced PI3K activity. Finally, we discuss the use of animal models of cardiac health and disease, and genetic mice with increased or decreased cardiac PI3K activity for the discovery of novel drug targets and biomarkers of cardiovascular disease. 相似文献
9.
《运动与健康科学(英文)》2022,11(4):466-478
BackgroundPromoting cardiac lymphangiogenesis exerts beneficial effects for the heart. Exercise can induce physiological cardiac growth with cardiomyocyte hypertrophy and increased proliferation markers in cardiomyocytes. However, it remains unclear whether and how lymphangiogenesis contributes to exercise-induced physiological cardiac growth. We aimed to investigate the role and mechanism of lymphangiogenesis in exercise-induced physiological cardiac growth.MethodsAdult C57BL6/J mice were subjected to 3 weeks of swimming exercise to induce physiological cardiac growth. Oral treatment with vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 3 (VEGFR3) inhibitor SAR131675 was used to investigate whether cardiac lymphangiogenesis was required for exercise-induced physiological cardiac growth by VEGFR3 activation. Furthermore, human dermal lymphatic endothelial cell (LEC)-conditioned medium was collected to culture isolated neonatal rat cardiomyocytes to determine whether and how LECs could influence cardiomyocyte proliferation and hypertrophy.ResultsSwimming exercise induced physiological cardiac growth accompanied by a remarkable increase of cardiac lymphangiogenesis as evidenced by increased density of lymphatic vessel endothelial hyaluronic acid receptor 1–positive lymphatic vessels in the heart and upregulated LYVE-1 and Podoplanin expressions levels. VEGFR3 was upregulated in the exercised heart, while VEGFR3 inhibitor SAR131675 attenuated exercise-induced physiological cardiac growth as evidenced by blunted myocardial hypertrophy and reduced proliferation marker Ki67 in cardiomyocytes, which was correlated with reduced lymphatic vessel density and downregulated LYVE-1 and Podoplanin in the heart upon exercise. Furthermore, LEC-conditioned medium promoted both hypertrophy and proliferation of cardiomyocytes and contained higher levels of insulin-like growth factor-1 and the extracellular protein Reelin, while LEC-conditioned medium from LECs treated with SAR131675 blocked these effects. Functional rescue assays further demonstrated that protein kinase B (AKT) activation, as well as reduced CCAAT enhancer-binding protein beta (C/EBPβ) and increased CBP/p300-interacting transactivators with E (glutamic acid)/D (aspartic acid)–rich-carboxylterminal domain 4 (CITED4), contributed to the promotive effect of LEC-conditioned medium on cardiomyocyte hypertrophy and proliferation.ConclusionOur findings reveal that cardiac lymphangiogenesis is required for exercise-induced physiological cardiac growth by VEGFR3 activation, and they indicate that LEC-conditioned medium promotes both physiological hypertrophy and proliferation of cardiomyocytes through AKT activation and the C/EBPβ-CITED4 axis. These results highlight the essential roles of cardiac lymphangiogenesis in exercise-induced physiological cardiac growth. 相似文献
10.
目的:探究低负荷加压训练对自发性高血压大鼠的降压效果及其作用机制。方法:选取4周龄雄性自发性高血压大鼠,随机分为对照组(高血压安静组)、低负荷训练组、低负荷加压训练组和高负荷训练组。低负荷训练组进行35%~55%1RM递进式低负荷爬梯训练,低负荷加压训练组进行30%~40%血流受限结合35%~55%1RM递进式低负荷爬梯训练,高负荷训练组进行55%~75%1RM递进式高负荷爬梯训练,训练后测定血压、血液中内皮素-1、血管内皮生长因子、一氧化氮合成酶的表达和心肌组织中内皮型一氧化氮合成酶的表达。结果:1)与对照组、高负荷训练组相比,低负荷加压训练组收缩压、舒张压显著下降(P<0.05);与低负荷训练组相比,低负荷加压训练组舒张压显著下降(P<0.05)。2)与对照组相比,低负荷加压训练组血液中内皮素-1表达显著下调(P<0.05),血管内皮生长因子和一氧化氮合成酶表达显著上调(P<0.05);3)与对照组相比,低负荷加压训练组心肌中内皮型一氧化氮合成酶表达显著上调(P<0.05);4)在低负荷加压训练组中,收缩压与内皮素-1呈正相关,相关性分析具有统计学意义(P<0.05);收缩压与一氧化氮合成酶、血管内皮生长因子、内皮型一氧化氮合成酶均呈负相关,相关性分析具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:1)低负荷加压训练降压效果优于高负荷训练;2)低负荷加压训练能够通过下调血液中内皮素-1的表达,上调血液中血管内皮生长因子和一氧化氮合成酶的表达,同时上调心肌中内皮型一氧化氮合成酶表达,改善内皮细胞功能,达到降压的效果。 相似文献
11.
《European Journal of Sport Science》2013,13(7):743-751
AbstractAcute muscle belly injuries to the semitendinosus, semimembranosus and biceps femoris (the ‘hamstring’ muscles) remain a common problem in the sporting population. Physiotherapy-led rehabilitation remains the mainstay of treatment, and the physician's input is often minimal. Anecdotally, many different topical, oral and injectable therapies are used around the world in an effort to accelerate the healing of these injuries and to prevent their recurrence. This article reviews the evidence available to support some of the most commonly used medical therapies and the pathophysiological basis for their use. It also presents the evidence behind some of the more promising future treatments for muscle injury, including stem cell therapy, growth factor delivery and potential novel uses of current medication not traditionally used in the musculoskeletal setting. 相似文献
12.
Heart failure represents the end point of a variety of cardiovascular diseases. It is a growing health burden and a leading cause of death worldwide. To date, limited treatment options exist for the treatment of heart failure, but exercise has been well-established as one of the few safe and effective interventions, leading to improved outcomes in patients. However, a lack of patient adherence remains a significant barrier in the implementation of exercise-based therapy for the treatment of heart failure. The insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1)–phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) pathway has been recognized as perhaps the most critical pathway for mediating exercised-induced heart growth and protection. Here, we discuss how modulating activity of the IGF1–PI3K pathway may be a valuable approach for the development of therapies that mimic the protective effects of exercise on the heart. We outline some of the promising approaches being investigated that utilize PI3K-based therapy for the treatment of heart failure. We discuss the implications for cardiac pathology and cardiotoxicity that arise in a setting of reduced PI3K activity. Finally, we discuss the use of animal models of cardiac health and disease, and genetic mice with increased or decreased cardiac PI3K activity for the discovery of novel drug targets and biomarkers of cardiovascular disease. 相似文献
13.
通过回顾式实验设计探讨我国体能类和技能类项目优秀运动员理想比赛心理状态结构模式之间的异同，比较体能类和技能类项目运动员比赛心理状态与有关心理影响因素之间关系的差异。多样本比较结果表明，体能类项目运动员和技能类项目运动员理想比赛心理状态不仅具有同样的结构，且因素栽荷也是基本相同的。典型相关分析结果表明，在所选择的5个个体状态性心理影响因素中，主要影响体能类项目运动员理想比赛心理状态形成的心理因素是自我效能（典型负荷系数为0．858）、状态注意（典型负荷系数为0．813）和任务目标定向（典型负荷系数为0．600）；主要影响技能类项目运动员理想比赛心理状态形成的心理因素是自我效能（典型负荷系数为0．925）、状态注意（典型负荷系数为0．833）、任务目标定向（典型负荷系数为0．459）、个体失败焦虑（典型负荷系数为-0．366）以及社会期待焦虑（典型负荷系数为-0．300）。 相似文献
14.
J. P. Barfield M. Rhonda Folio Eddie T. C. Lam James J. Zhang 《Measurement in physical education and exercise science》2013,17(1):47-66
The purpose of this study was to develop the Scale of Allied Health Education Barriers to identify factors limiting enrollment in college/university allied health education programs. Development of the Scale of Allied Health Education Barriers was conducted through the following four stages: (1) review of literature, (2) focus group studies, (3) pilot testing, and (4) test administration and testing of measurement properties. Research participants (N = 1,044) were students enrolled in allied health and non-allied health education programs. Through conducting both exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses, this study identified five unique factors that are potential barriers to student enrollment in allied health education: Social Influence, Experiential Opportunity, Academic Preparation, Physical Self-Efficacy, and Self-Management. These factors were consistent with the social cognitive theory adopted to guide this study, which posits that personal, environmental, and behavioral factors collectively influence allied health enrollment. Further discussions are made on the practical implications of applying the developed scale to reduce barriers for allied health program recruitments. 相似文献
15.
《European Journal of Sport Science》2013,13(5):509-517
Abstract This study investigated whether exercise-induced muscle damage (EIMD) resulted in changes to whole-body substrate utilisation during exercise performed during the subsequent 48 hours. Eight males (31±6 years) performed 30 minutes of bench-stepping exercise. One leg performed eccentric contractions (Ecc) by lowering the body whilst the control leg performed concentric contractions (Con) by raising the body. On the two days following bench-stepping exercise participants performed measures of muscle function on an isokinetic dynamometer and undertook a bout of one leg cycling exercise, at two differing workloads, with the first workload (WL1) at 1.5±0.25 W/kg and the second workload (WL2) at 1.8±0.25 W/kg with each leg. Expired respiratory gases were collected during cycling to estimate whole body substrate utilisation. There were significant decrements in measures of muscular performance (isometric force, concentric and eccentric torque) and increased perception of soreness in Ecc compared with Con (P < 0.05). The effect of the Ecc treatment on substrate utilisation during one-legged cycling revealed a significant trial×time interaction with higher rates of CHO oxidation in the Ecc condition compared with Con that were further increased 48 hours later (P = 0.02). A significant treatment×time×effort interaction (P < 0.01) indicated the effect of the treatment altered as workload increased with higher rates of CHO oxidation occurring in WL2. This is consistent with greater reliance upon muscle glycogen. Suggesting that in EIMD, reductions in strength and increased feelings of soreness can be associated with greater reliance upon intramuscular CHO oxidation, than lipid, during subsequent concentric work. 相似文献
16.
17.
Abstract The overall purpose of this two-part study was to examine factors that influenced fatigue status in university level swimmers. Participants were 25 swimmers (14 male, 11 female) from one university swim team. A mixed methods approach was used. Quantitative data were collected using an orthostatic heart rate test and self-report questionnaire at multiple time points throughout a competitive season. Qualitative data were collected via focus groups conducted at the end of the season. Analysis of the quantitative data indicated high levels of accumulated physiological and psychological fatigue that improved with increased recovery. Specifically, heart rate indices, form, feeling, and energy level improved during taper periods and worsened during and immediately after intensive training blocks. Analysis of the qualitative data revealed that one factor (flexible structure of training programme) had a positive influence on athletes’ fatigue while two factors (teammate expectations and balancing school, work, and sleep) had a negative influence on athletes’ fatigue. 相似文献
18.
松针提取液对小鼠心肌、肝脏、股四头肌自由基代谢的影响 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
选取40只昆明种小鼠随机分成安静组和训练组,两组又分设对照组和松针提取液组.服药组小鼠短期连续服用松针提取液,20天后小鼠力竭游泳造成疲劳,测定心肌、肝脏、股四头肌超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、总抗氧化能力（T-AOC）和丙二醛（MDA）等指标.结果：心肌、肝脏、股四头肌超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）和总抗氧化能力（T-AOC）的活性均有显著性升高,心肌、肝脏、股四头肌丙二醛（MDA）含量显著性降低.结论：松针提取液具有保护心肌、肝脏、股四头肌免受自由基损伤的功能. 相似文献
19.
吕晓昌 《山东体育学院学报》2005,21(5):66-69
以1 215名学龄儿童为被试，以适度睡眠、合理饮食、口腔卫生、体育锻炼、防止久坐五类健康促进因素与冒险、越轨、吸烟、过量饮酒、冒险骑车五类健康危害因素为对象，对影响其健康因素的结构特点进行了分析.研究结果表明，学龄儿童的健康危害因素间具有显著的正相关，而健康促进因素间的关系则较为复杂.验证性因素分析结果也表明，学龄儿童健康因素的结构特点主要包含两个因素，其中健康生活习惯因素主要包括适度睡眠、合理饮食与口腔卫生三类健康促进因素;冒险生活方式因素则包括冒险、越轨、吸烟、过量饮酒、冒险骑车五类健康危害因素以及体育锻炼、防止久坐两类健康促进因素.以期建立较为全面、合理的学龄儿童健康因素的结构模型，减少影响学龄儿童的健康危害因素，增大影响学龄儿童的健康促进因素，促进学龄儿童的身心健康发展. 相似文献
20.
Angel Gabriel Lucas-Cuevas Jennifer Baltich Hendrik Enders Sandro Nigg Benno Nigg 《Journal of sports sciences》2016,34(9):803-810
Muscle weakness is considered a risk factor for ankle injury. Balance training and barefoot running have been used in an attempt to strengthen the muscles crossing the ankle. It is expected that training tasks that successfully strengthen the ankle would elicit increased muscular activity. However, it is unknown how an individual's ankle strength will influence the muscle activity used during a given task. Twenty-six participants performed dynamic (shod, barefoot running) and static tasks (squat on ground, squat on ®Bosu Ball) believed to strengthen the muscles surrounding the ankle. Electromyographic signals of the tibialis anterior, peroneus longus, gastrocnemius lateralis (GL) and gastrocnemius medialis (GM) were recorded and analysed using a non-linearly scaled wavelet analysis. Participants were divided into a strong group and a weak group according to their isometric plantar-flexion torque. The weak group required more relative GL and GM muscle activity during each training task compared to the strong group. No difference was observed between shod and barefoot running. There was a significant effect of training task on muscle activation level for the weak group. Differences in ankle strength had a significant impact on muscle activation. 相似文献