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1.
Jan van Aalst Fung Wai Hing Li Siu May Wong Pui Yan 《Library & information science research》2007,29(4):533-552
Current curriculum reforms in Hong Kong emphasize learning how to learn and project-based learning. The most recent reform introduces “Liberal Studies” as a mandatory school subject in senior secondary school. This article reports on an exploratory case study of the information searching process (ISP) among Form 6 (Grade 12) students in a Liberal Studies course. Researchers examined sources of information used by students, students' cognitive and emotional experience during the ISP, and communication within the collaborative groups. Findings indicated that Internet-based sources were predominant but that most students had difficulty completing the ISP. Work is needed to help students develop a theory of knowledge in which the meaning of information is contextual and the process of interpreting information requires effort. Such work is important if collaborative inquiry projects in Liberal Studies courses are to lead to deep learning. 相似文献
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《Library & information science research》2019,41(4):100983
Health information seeking is an important part of older adults' everyday lives as they cope with their health conditions. Semi-structured interviews conducted with 21 older adults in the United States were analyzed using Savolainen's everyday life information seeking (ELIS) model, especially its key concepts such as way of life and mastery of life. The interview data revealed that except for health care providers, a spouse or partner was mentioned as a credible interpersonal source of health information among older adults in a marital or romantic relationship. Characteristics of older adults' health information behavior in the ELIS context were identified based on types of way of life and mastery of life. For example, those who had more varied types of hobbies, including cognitive, affective, and social hobbies, were exposed to diverse people as they performed their daily routine, potentially resulting in different sources of useful health information. In couple relationships, those with an optimistic as opposed to pessimistic attitude toward a problem-solving situation played the information provider role rather than information receiver role. 相似文献
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跨源健康信息搜寻的动机、信息源选择及行为路径 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本研究旨在探究用户面临多种健康信息源时的跨源健康信息搜寻行为,揭示这类信息搜寻行为的动机、信息源选择和行为路径。结合日记法和半结构化深度访谈法,收集并分析了26名参加者的健康信息搜寻日记及跟踪访谈数据,使用NVivo11分析数据。研究发现医生-用户交流障碍、信任缺失、用户自我调节和用户安全心理的需要是促使跨源健康信息搜寻行为产生的动机。相似病症用户的自我陈述、用户的路径依赖(习惯)、从众心理、信息源的权威性及可信度是影响用户跨源过程中信息源选择的主要因素。此外,用户跨源搜寻健康信息的过程中,其心理需求大于实际需求、凭“感觉”感知网络健康信息质量等特征较明显。本研究构建了跨源健康信息搜寻行为路径模型,研究的结果有助于提升用户健康信息搜寻行为认知,改善其跨源健康信息获取能力,提升其健康信息素养;同时,也为相关部门制定提升公民健康信息素养策略及支持跨源健康信息搜寻行为的信息系统的开发和设计提供了借鉴。 相似文献
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Giovanna F. Miranda Luisa Vercellesi Edoardo Pozzi Flavia Bruno 《Health information and libraries journal》2009,26(1):39-46
Background: Health authorities, hospitals, commercial enterprises, and mass media all deliver health and medical communication in different forms. With such a vast amount of biomedical and clinical information available, any action to ensure the spread of clinically relevant news items is welcome. Objectives: This paper tries to define a new role for health science librarians in improving medical communication and reporting. Methods: Literature relating to the health and medical reporting is analysed to identify major difficulties encountered by health communicators. Results: There are two areas where health science librarians can develop new roles in health communication: (i) supporting journalists and health communicators in selecting sources and understanding scientific papers, and (ii) directly translating scientific information into news items, supplying a list of products in this direction (i.e. targeted newsletters, media releases, news items). New skills and competencies needed to cope with the new roles are described in detail in a suggested academic curriculum for health communicators. Conclusions: A better understanding of the mass media's needs can provide much needed support in the field of health communication. 相似文献
6.
[目的/意义]公共图书馆健康信息服务对公众"身心健康"具有积极作用,探析国外公共图书馆健康信息服务项目的建设经验,可为我国公共图书馆开展健康信息服务提供重要启示。[方法/过程]通过调查 EIFL-PLIP国外公共图书馆健康信息服务项目,以 13个发展中国家和经济转型期国家的健康信息服务项目为切入点,分析国外公共图书馆健康信息服务项目在项目主题、项目对象、项目内容、项目效果、项目保障上的实践特点。[结果/结论]我国公共图书馆在健康信息服务方面应进行多元协作,获取外部支持并发挥引导作用;关注需求,考虑用户特点兼重视弱势群体;培养人才,制定培训计划以提升服务技能;打造内容,加强资源建设与丰富服务类型;转变理念,规划试点项目及提升服务形象。 相似文献
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BACKGROUND: This study was undertaken to provide evidence that library outreach projects in the NHS in the Thames Valley Strategic Health Authority area were effective and could justify continued funding. Objectives: The object was to assess whether information literacy skills training taken up by health professionals impacts on their confidence and skills in using electronic sources of health information. METHOD: A total of 487 health professionals taking up training on a voluntary basis were assessed by completing a self-assessment questionnaire prior to and after training to establish their information literacy skills and confidence levels. Of these, 223 trainees (46%) also returned 6-week follow-up questionnaires. RESULTS: Results showed that 464 trainees (95%) intended to apply what they had learnt in a variety of ways; use of specific resources greatly increased after training and confidence in using them increased substantially. Use of search techniques increased considerably overall, whereas use of Google decreased. CONCLUSIONS: The major findings of this research are that training health-care personnel in the use of electronic resources impacts positively on their information literacy skills and confidence, and that the information available to them is considered to have potential value across health-care practice. 相似文献
9.
认知建构视角下交互式信息检索模型研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
[目的/意义]信息检索本质上是一个认知过程,研究促进用户认知的交互式信息检索模型具有重要意义。[研究设计/方法]以建构主义理论为指导,以促进用户的认知发展为研究目标,构建了以信息空间层、用户空间层和界面交互层为顶层分析框架的交互式信息检索模型,并开发了原型系统。[结论/发现]实验结果表明原型系统能有效地促进用户对信息空间的探索与挖掘,帮助用户积极主动地进行认知建构,发展认知空间。[创新/价值]将认知建构理论运用于信息检索领域,从交互设计方面对检索系统提出了改进建议,以更好地提供认知支持。 相似文献
10.
Background: Consumer health information is becoming increasingly important and health policy in the UK is beginning to reflect this. This has implications for information producers, providers and users, with the move towards a more patient‐centred health service. Objectives: This review aims to provide a broad overview of the current state of consumer health information in the UK. It examines the changing roles of information producers, providers and users, exploring the impact of health literacy and new technologies. It features some of the current library and consumer health information projects taking place in the UK and discusses the role that libraries may play in the future. Methods: The article focuses on consumer health information in a policy context. It is based on the experiences of the authors' work for the Patient Information Forum and knowledge of consumer health information. A number of library and information professionals were consulted regarding the library and information projects. Conclusions: Communication between health professionals and patients, and between health educators and the public, is key in order for consumer health information to have the ability to improve health outcomes. Further, especially local, investment into the production, distribution and delivery of consumer health information is recommended. 相似文献
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Objective:
A discourse analysis was conducted of peer-written blogs about the chronic illness endometriosis to understand how bloggers present information sources and make cases for and against the authority of those sources.Methods:
Eleven blogs that were authored by endometriosis patients and focused exclusively or primarily on the authors'' experiences with endometriosis were selected. After selecting segments in which the bloggers invoked forms of knowledge and sources of evidence, the text was discursively analyzed to reveal how bloggers establish and dispute the authority of the sources they invoke.Results:
When discussing and refuting authority, the bloggers invoked many sources of evidence, including experiential, peer-provided, biomedical, and intuitive ones. Additionally, they made and disputed claims of cognitive authority via two interpretive repertoires: a concern about the role and interests of the pharmaceutical industry and an understanding of endometriosis as extremely idiosyncratic. Affective authority of information sources was also identified, which presented as social context, situational similarity, or aesthetic or spiritual factors.Conclusions:
Endometriosis patients may find informational value in blogs, especially for affective support and epistemic experience. Traditional notions of authority might need to be revised for the online environment. Guidelines for evaluating the authority of consumer health information, informed by established readers'' advisory practices, are suggested.Highlights
- Endometriosis patients who blog about the illness may determine authority of information sources through both cognitive and affective methods.
Implications
- Because patients with chronic illnesses might have different authority criteria than medical librarians do, it could be useful to carefully incorporate electronic patient discussion forums, medical blogs written by laypeople, and other nontraditionally authoritative resources into consumer health information selection policies. Standard biomedical resources are certainly important to recommend to consumers, but they do not convey the complete picture of a chronic illness and its related experience.
- Patients with chronic illnesses and caregivers can benefit from sources such as blogs and online discussion lists that provide social and emotional support as well as accounts of “lived experience.”
- An understanding of the patient''s potential epistemological community can make the librarian''s recommendations more appropriate for the individual user.
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Jane Sweetland 《Health information and libraries journal》2000,17(2):77-82
This paper describes the impact of providing six users of the Health Facts Consumer Health Information Centre at Frenchay Hospital with health information. Comments from a previous user satisfaction questionnaire survey implemented by the researcher provided themes to explore. These were: (1) cognitive effects (2) affective effects (3) behavioural effects. Semi‐structured interviews were conducted with six consecutive users of the centre asking about a health problem for themselves. Health Facts information improved knowledge and understanding, reduced anxiety, and helped respondents accept and self‐manage illness, facilitated by quality of content and presentation. Everyone took some subsequent action in support of their condition. The centre saved users’ time searching for information elsewhere and staff were key players providing it. Information was shared with others, extending its impact. Increased publicity for the service was the main suggested improvement. Health Facts information was mostly rated higher than other information sources, and unexpectedly as high as information from doctors. Even well‐informed users gained new understanding. Health Facts information is highly valued, and complements advice given by health professionals. Findings reflect recent literature and government policy to get patients more involved in their own health care. The methodology may help other health information services investigate this subject. 相似文献
13.
情报学的人性化趋势:认知、领域分析与社会认知 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本文从认知论、领域分析和社会认知的角度,论述了信息技术和情报学的发展趋势及社会本质。认知论作为现代信息技术人性化发展的起点,通过领域分析等技术手段最终到达其理论和实践的归宿点———社会认知,从而满足人类的情报需求。最后简单探讨了情报学家的社会角色问题。 相似文献
14.
The issues of collaboration between the CIS member states in the field of the interstate scientific and technical information exchange are explored. Various formats of cooperation, including interstate cooperation programs, provision of information and legal support, and the implementation of joint R&D projects are explored. Based on the results of the study, it is proposed to develop an electronic analytical system, a model applied to monitor and control the processes related to the design and implementation of joint scientific and technological projects by the CIS member states. The structured analytical data collected through the monitoring of joint coordinated requests for proposals (RFPs) and scientific and technological projects will support the adaptation of the CIS Economic Council, the CIS Executive Committee, and national authorities to the modern context based on the coordination of the respective scientific and technological policies in the framework of national state programs. Further improvement and greater effectiveness of the CIS collaboration is a priority for the Russian chairmanship of the CIS in 2017. 相似文献
15.
Marianne Wikgren 《Library & information science research》2001,23(4):291
The Internet is a convenient but complex source for health information used by an increasing number of health consumers. Especially for people suffering from a chronic illness (e.g., diabetes), information seeking forms a part of the daily management of the disease, a “project of life.” This study of Web texts examines the citation patterns for a specific and controversial health issue: the beneficial or hazardous use of dietary chromium supplementation in diabetes self-management. Texts from different categories of Web sources (scientific, professional, educational, and commercial sources, as well as diabetes discussion groups) were analyzed in order to study how knowledge is transferred between sources, and how diabetics participating in discussion groups refer to and make sense of the information from different sources on the Internet. The citation patterns suggest that deviations from the traditional models of scientific knowledge dissemination can occur in the Internet environment. 相似文献
16.
不同情境下老年人对健康信息源的选择差异研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
[目的/意义] 揭示老年人健康信息源选择因情境不同而存在的差异,为助力图书情报机构更好地开展面向老年人的健康信息服务提供理论依据和对策建议。[方法/过程] 参考信息源视野理论对信息源的分类,采用访谈法,分析老年人在处理健康危险状况、参与医疗决策、改变或预防不良健康行为这3种不同健康情境下获取健康信息的信息源选择差异,并结合人口学特征探究老年人在信息源选择数量上的群体间差异。[结果/结论] 研究结果表明：①3种情境下,组织信息源和人际信息源均是老年人主要使用的信息源;②随着年龄的增长,老年人对人际信息源的依赖性逐渐增加;③3种情境下老年人对网络信息源、印刷信息源的使用程度都不高;④不同文化水平和自评经济状况的老年人群在信息源选择数量上存在明显差异,其中文化水平造成的差异在3种情境中均有体现,自评经济状况造成的差异体现在参与医疗决策和处理健康危险境况两种情境中。 相似文献
17.
Tomaž Bartol Danica Dolničar Bojana Boh Podgornik Blaž Rodič Tihomir Zoranović 《The Journal of Academic Librarianship》2018,44(3):374-382
The aim was to assess the information literacy (IL) of 310 first- and second-year students enrolled in nine different study programs at the School of Agriculture (Faculty of Agriculture), Novi Sad, Serbia, using an adapted version of a validated IL test (ILT) in an e-environment. Because the school does not provide systematic IL education, another purpose was to raise awareness of the importance of such instruction. ILT results were assessed according to five ACRL (Association of College & Research Libraries) standards, as well as three cognitive levels adapted from Bloom's taxonomy. The mean ILT score was 46.35%. Students were most successful in information evaluation and information need identification, and least successful in legal/ethical issues and information use. As expected, IL skills increase from the first to second year of study. Cognitive skills also increase, except for the highest level (applying knowledge), where all student groups are weak. Different study programs attract students with disparate knowledge/skill levels gained during secondary education, where some groups of first-year students may outperform second-year students in both IL and cognitive abilities. It is thus important to offer IL education to all students in order to provide a basis for more balanced academic progress. 相似文献
18.
The objective of this article is to explore the experience of reconciling the strategic information system (IS) management with the radical transition of the Information Technology (IT) infrastructure in Taiwan's Bureau of Foreign Trade (BOFT) between 1998 and 2003. This investigation will be beneficial for the implementation of IT projects, as well as the comprehension of the organizational and managerial issues related to the discontinuity of IT development in office automation. This paper conducts an interpretative approach by means of qualitative methods – namely through participatory observation and in-depth interviews with fourteen informants – to reveal the managerial issues and their implications on the adoption of electronic government (e-Government). Through the method of content analysis, this study reviews the process of decision making, implementation, and other issues emerging as a result of the adoption of new technologies in public authorities, such as the cognition of the employee toward the benefits and effectiveness of IS in public authorities. 相似文献
19.
Tompkins-McCaw Library of Virginia Commonwealth University has planned and implemented four one-year outreach service projects during the past two years. These projects were funded by the National Library of Medicine and the National Network of Libraries of Medicine Southeastern/Atlantic Region. The projects focus on information access for public health nurses, HIV/AIDS information access, and circuit librarian services in rural Southern Virginia. This article documents issues and challenges which have been identified from these projects and suggests ways to resolve them. 相似文献
20.
《Journal of Applied Communication Research》2007,35(2):197-214
The study reported here examined the influence of anonymous sources on health websites on the perceptions and attitudes of information seekers. It was hypothesized that, despite the warnings and guidelines established by health organizations, anonymous sources would be perceived to be as credible and influential as sources that were identified. The anonymity effect, drawn from the similarity principle in attribution theory, was forwarded as a theoretical mechanism to explain responses to anonymous sources. The results indicated that anonymous sources were generally perceived by participants to be as credible and influential as identified sources, although the anonymity effect explanation was not supported. The implications of these findings for information seekers and health practitioners are considered. 相似文献