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1.
大学的发展受自身发展逻辑、社会经济需求逻辑和国家意志的交互影响。本文以华东师范大学、西南大学为例,分析在高等教育大众化发展进程中,这三种逻辑力量如何影响了师范大学的发展转型。由于对政府和市场的资源依赖,师范大学的发展处于一种两难境地:既要保留师范大学原有的学科特色,维持其"师范教育"的市场领地;又要通过合并、扩招,实现结构调整与质量提升,探索综合化的发展道路。 相似文献
2.
China’s key science and technology universities are modelled on the French école Polytechnique. As such, they are utilitarian institutions, rooted in the concept of cultivating manpower for society’s economic progress,
and tending to ignore the development of the individual. As China’s elite higher education system took in a rapidly increasing
number of students in the recent massification process, China’s key science and technology universities underwent reform to
become more comprehensive in curricular offerings and more research-oriented in function. The authors have uncovered an interesting
phenomenon: Despite repeated discussion in academic circles, this transformation was never actually a conscious strategic
choice for universities. Only when the Chinese government launched a program of higher education “massification” did universities
develop their own unique reform strategies in a move to become more comprehensive and more research oriented. The authors
have adopted a multi-stream analysis framework to describe and analyze three case study universities: University of Science
and Technology of China (USTC), Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), and Northwest Agriculture and Forestry
University (NWAFU). It was found that Chinese universities already have quite a high level of autonomy, but that the government
still has the power to make strategic decisions. Each university’s decision-making mechanism has been an independent process
within the constraints of the political economic structure over this period, and policy-making has combined top-down and bottom-up
processes. 相似文献
3.
姚军 《天津职业院校联合学报》2006,8(6):39-42
我国高等学校的定位意识现今逐渐增强,特别是普通高校合并、扩招后,各高校都在重新确定自己的定位.中央电大和各省电大在这场高校改革中也受到了较大影响,必须重新确定自己的发展方向.省市级电大在办好开放教育本专科的同时,要调整办学思路,整合当地的教育资源,通过扩张校园来开展高等职业教育,采取开放教育与普通高职齐发展等措施,解决电大的发展必须适应市场经济竞争需要的问题. 相似文献
4.
20世纪70年代以来,美国营利性大学顺应社会发展趋势,以市场需求为导向,抓住时机进入资本市场;关注弱势群体,获得政府政策支持,实现快速发展。然而,2010年以来,美国营利性大学在经历了约40年的发展后陷入了教学质量降低、新生数量减少、大学理念与公司理念矛盾逐渐凸显以及在资本市场上的表现不佳等困境。目前,我国已有一些民办高校选择登记为营利性高校,开启了我国营利性民办高校的办学之路。文章通过梳理美国营利性大学发展的动因,分析其面临的困境,为我国营利性高校的发展提供以下启示:顺应时代潮流,为营利性大学发展营造良好社会环境;发挥体制机制优势,处理好政府、市场和营利性高校的关系;以转型为契机,探索营利性大学内涵式发展道路;加强政府监管和第三方评估,实现资本逐利性与教育公益性的平衡;积极发挥资本市场的作用,同时注重风险防范。 相似文献
5.
王晓阳 《临沂师范学院学报》2005,27(4):9-12
自19世纪初,欧美发达国家的大学在政府的财政支持下得到很大的发展,大学也在很大程度上成为国家的大学.但20世纪80年代以来,许多国家大幅度削减了对大学的财政支持.大学如何面向市场、谋求生存和发展,成为一个严峻课题,建设自主创新型大学成为世界范围内一些大学的明智选择.英国华威大学以其创新的理念、大胆的创新举措,在建校短短40年内取得了巨大的成就,成为英国研究型大学中的佼佼者.深入研究以其为代表的自主创新型大学的特征,探讨自主创新型大学实现自主创新的途径和可持续变革的条件,对转变我们的办学思想与理念,深化我国高等教育改革,具有重要的启示和借鉴意义. 相似文献
6.
蔡雪珍 《河北广播电视大学学报》2012,(1):23-26
发展开放大学,是电大系统的战略转型、发展机遇和严峻挑战。开放大学与传统电大,在培养目标、学历与学位教育层次、教学资源的开发与利用及对现代信息技术的要求有着明显的区别。作为电大教师,必须更新理念,提高自身的学历、学位水平及技能水平,确立服务意识,才能迎接发展开放大学的新挑战。 相似文献
7.
涂文记 《集美大学学报(教育科学版》2012,(1):1-5
英国大学教师发展政策的制定与实施在促进教师发展方面起到了举足轻重的作用。文章通过对剑桥大学教师发展政策进行案例研究,分析了其政策产生的历史背景、形成与发展、主要内容与实施特点,提出了我国在教师发展政策的制定时,应循序渐进成立专门的教师发展机构提供有针对性的发展项目;通过评估提高教师发展项目的质量;保证教师培训的经费和时间制定基于大学的教师发展政策。 相似文献
8.
20世纪上半期,美国哥伦比亚大学师范学院作为进步主义教育运动的理论重镇和人才培养基地,吸引了大批前来美国学习教育的中国留学生。这些中国留学生在该校接受了先进的科学与人文教育,归国后成为改造祖国传统文化教育的领军人物。20世纪20年代前后,顺应世界教育现代化改革的历史潮流,杜威、孟禄、克伯屈等哥伦比亚大学师范学院知名教育家相继来华,与其中国弟子们联袂主导了一场轰轰烈烈的现代教育改革运动,最终促使中国教育体系和教育理论由传统向现代转型。哥伦比亚大学师范学院对中国现代文化教育的发展产生了深远的影响。 相似文献
9.
印第安纳大学和佛罗里达州立大学是美国教育技术学专业的名牌学校,文章通过两所大学的相关文献、网络资源和利用电子邮件与印第安纳大学和佛罗里达州立大学的教育技术学博士研究生进行交流,获得这两所大学的专业办学和人才培养情况的相关信息;通过元分析,反思获得启示,以期望对国内的教育技术学专业研究生的培养起到抛砖引玉的作用. 相似文献
10.
《Africa Education Review》2013,10(4):533-551
ABSTRACTThe contribution of universities to regional development has in the last few decades gained significant currency. Inter alia, this contribution has been through steered national, regional, and institutional policies aimed at enhancing national development, good governance, human capital creation and innovation in an increasing knowledge-dependent economy, and through the universities’ core technologies of teaching and research. Based on empirical findings from an African case study, this article argues that other forms of contributions to regional development exist, which are neither from deliberate efforts nor steered by direct policies. This article proposes new forms of contributions termed ‘unintended contributions’, in which universities become growth poles by virtue of being located in a particular region. Using the counterfactual and ‘export and import substitution’ methods of analysis, this study shows the various ways in which a rural university in Cameroon has ‘contributed to regional development as a ‘growth pole’. 相似文献
11.
张伟 《河南广播电视大学学报》2014,27(3):22-25
随着我国大学所处环境的变化,大学间的竞争态势已明显呈现,越来越多的大学意识到大学品牌建设的重要性和迫切性,部分大学开始引入品牌战略。为了适应新形势,广播电视大学正向开放大学转变。本文在河南开放大学建设的前期,梳理了河南广播电视大学的发展历史和社会贡献,分析了其内部具有的优势和劣势以及外部面临的机会和威胁,并据此提出了构建河南开放大学品牌建设的方法。 相似文献
12.
It is generally known that the general goals of universities are to produce high-quality graduates for the job market, to
continuously advance the frontier of knowledge in all the disciplines, and ultimately to advance human civilization. There
can, however, be numerous specific goals which differ from one university to the other. Whatever it is, in order to achieve
the desired goals, universities need to design a realistic strategic development plan, which must include, among others, the
important logistical components and factors of university development. In Malaysia, little is known about university development
planning process as a subject area. Annual reports and calendars published by universities do not provide sufficient information
about the elements and aspects of high priorities in their strategic development plan. As such, we decided to conduct a study
on eleven (11) foremost public universities in Malaysia—a country with a centralized education system—in order to examine
the goals, components, and factors considered by university top-management in planning university development. We administered
a checklist to 296 respondents, comprising deputy vice-chancellors or deputy rectors, registrars, deans, and directors. The
checklist required the respondents to rate the consideration level on a scale of 1 (least considered) to 5 (highly considered)
for each of the items on goals, components, and factors. This article reports the main findings of our study. Among other
things, the most obvious result revealed by the study was that universities were very concerned with the relevancy of academic
programs offered and their performance in research. It was rather surprising, however, that the top-management of public universities
in Malaysia placed the goal of providing quality infrastructure and facilities at the lowest ranking. Also, this study revealed
that the government, as a factor, exerted its prominence only in terms of university budget and research grants and the execution
of some policies of national interest, but university expansion and development was largely driven by the university organization
itself, i.e., on where, what, and how it wants to expand and grow. In this regard, public universities in Malaysia still enjoy
a large degree of academic autonomy and a strong support by the government. 相似文献
13.
钟晨音 《Frontiers of Education in China》2008,3(4):594-606
As the teacher education in China gradually evolves from the closed one into an open one, and with the greater pressure from
the competition among universities, the transformation of normal universities is an inevitable choice. The problems that normal
universities need to face up to are the proper goal orientation and the setting of appropriate development goals. Through
the comparison and interpretation of the development goals of current normal universities in China, this paper finds similar
tendency in the development types and the choices of features. Goal orientation is vital to the development of normal universities.
Therefore, when setting and implementing development goals, a sound understanding about expressions like “the features of
operating schools” and “comprehensive universities” should be improved, and a rational thinking about the fundamental questions
should be engaged in as well.
__________
Translated from Gaodeng Jiaoyu Yanjiu 高等教育研究 (Journal of Higher Education), 2008, 29(2): 29–34 相似文献
14.
Dr. Kors has received the Lindback Foundation Award for Distinguished Teaching. In 1987 he was elected to the University of
Pennsylvania Faculty Senate Committee on Academic Freedom and Responsibility after opposing what he regarded as policies of
“thought-reform” introduced on his campus. Carole Iannone is AQ's Managing Editor. 相似文献
15.
石河子大学作为我国高校合并的一个成功典范,能够充分发挥合并和综合的优势,克服地处边疆的制约,实现跨越式发展离不开其＂以服务为宗旨,在贡献中发展＂的办学理念。通过石河子大学院校合并的视角探析石河子大学办学理念,以期对我国地方大学和西部高校的发展提供一些可资借鉴的经验和启示。 相似文献
16.
大学排行榜，在国外经过二十多年的发展完善，已具有相当的科学性和可信度。在中国虽然是一个新兴的事物，但大学排行榜体现的是社会对高校各方面的评价，也是我国大学走向自立的一个契机，必须予以充分的关注。通过分析国内外大学排行榜的相关情况，采用“院校研究”方法，主要以中国网大2004年大学排行榜中汕头大学的排名为分析基准，从中解析出一所新办大学的优势、弱项并提出相应的建议，以期能为大学的超常规发展带来一定的启示或借鉴。 相似文献
17.
大学章程是由大学权利机构制定的治校总纲领,它作为国家高等教育立法体系以外的且与高等学校内部管理密切相关的制度规则,事关高等学校权力配置、发展目标、师生权利义务实现、社会资助与回馈等重大问题,在大学发展中起着重要作用。通过对康奈尔大学的大学章程文本的整理,对其大学章程中的大学使命、办学理念、大学事务管理体制、董事会制度、教授治校、章程的制定与修改等方面的分析,建议中国大学章程要彰显有特色的办学理念,要有可操作性,减少抽象性表述,应对"教授参与管理"有明确的规定,应完善大学章程的制定、修改程序。 相似文献
18.
杨邦勇 《福建工程学院学报》2017,(5):467-472
加拿大高等教育在长期发展中建立了适合自身发展的高校治理模式。文章阐述了加拿大高等教育的治理结构,分析了阿尔伯塔大学的办学定位、发展愿景、行政运行、大学文化、信息技术、国际合作等治理模式,并结合当前我国地方应用型高校转型的特点,提出了应用型高校内部治理结构改革的发展策略。 相似文献
19.
Recently there have been many viewpoints as to which private university was founded firstly in modern China. The schools,
such as Fudan University (or the former Aurora Academy), Nankai University, China College, Wuchang Zhonghua University, Nanyang
College and Zhengmeng Academy are all considered to be the first private university. From two keywords: “private” and “university”
and based on many historical materials, this paper draws the conclusion that Nanyang College is the first private university
founded by the Chinese people in modern China.
__________
Translated from Xiandai Daxue Jiaoyu 现代大学教育(Modern University Education), 2007, (4): 10–15 相似文献
20.
姚叶 《贵州教育学院学报》2011,(7):58-61
大学章程在国外大学内部治理结构变迁和完善的历程中起着重要作用。选取国外不同类型大学的章程文本,对其关于大学内部最高决策机构、管理体制、教师事务以及学生事务等方面的规定进行比较分析,总结出相关经验和规律,以期为推动当前我国大学章程的制定与大学内部治理结构的完善提供借鉴。 相似文献