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层次分析法在江河源区高寒草地退化研究中的应用 总被引：19，自引：0，他引：19
以江河源区退化高寒草甸为对象,利用层次分析法,探讨了高寒草地的退化原因和恢复治理措施的有效性.结果表明:长期超载过牧和暖干化气候是导致高寒草甸退化的主导因子,贡献率为65.99%;伴随草地初始退化出现的鼠虫和毒杂草泛滥危害是加速高寒草甸退化的重要因子,贡献率为15.03%;人类不合理干扰造成的高寒草甸退化也不应忽视,贡献率为9.64%.各个恢复治理措施组合权重的分配格局相对均衡,其中围栏封育和划区轮牧(E2)与控制放牧强度(E1),效益较好,组合权重达0.3007.层次分析法可为草原管理,防止草地退化、恢复治理退化草地、优化利用草地资源提供定量依据. 相似文献
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本文针对在土地利用中存在耕地利用程度低，质量差，退化现象严重，牧草地内部结构不合理，林地利用不合理，经济效益不高等问题，建议采取措施合理利用耕地，提高土地生产力，大力发展人工草场，合理利用林地资源，从而使该区的土地利用产生最佳经济效益、生态效益和社会效益。 相似文献
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天然草场是国家宝贵的自然资源,是发展畜牧业的物质基础。我国天然草场不仅面积大,而且类型多。从全国看,大体上可划成三个草场区:东北西部、内蒙古中东部半湿润半干旱草原区;新疆、甘肃、宁夏、内蒙西部干旱荒漠及山地草原区和青藏高原高寒草甸、草原区。 内蒙古自治区及其东西部毗邻地区(以下简称本区)除内蒙古自治区外,主要包括黑龙江省呼伦贝尔盟及大兴安岭地区、吉林省哲里木盟及部分白城地区、辽宁省昭乌达盟、宁夏回族自治区阿拉善左旗和甘肃省阿拉善右旗和额济纳旗。据统计,天然草场总面积占本 相似文献
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陕北草场生态经济发展途径探讨 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
根据生态经济效益理论和生态经济均衡论,引入协调性概念,对陕北榆林地区北6县草场资源的生态－经济－效益－社会效益之间的关系进行定量研究,交通过数学模型对草场资源不同发展途径进行模拟计算。结果表明,建立高投入、高产出的良性生态经济循环系统,是根本解决本区环境与社会经济之间矛盾,保持草场资源持续发展的最佳途径。 相似文献
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高寒草甸畜牧业可持续发展：理论与实践 总被引：33，自引：0，他引：33
“生态系统管理”是畜牧业可持续发展的重要理论基础。放牧家畜饲养周期长,出栏率低,是制约高寒草甸畜牧业生产的最大瓶劲。因此,采取一系列生态系统管理措施,如建立人工草地、修建牲畜暖棚并进行牛羊舍饲育肥、退化草地恢复与重建、优化畜群结构和优化放牧强度等,实现畜牧业的集约化经营,是高寒草甸畜牧业持续发展的必由之路。 相似文献
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青海南部地区生态环境质量评价模型 总被引：11，自引：1，他引：10
本文研究青海省南部高寒地区玉树、果洛州及唐古拉山乡的生态环境质量评价。将自然景观（本区主要为草场）与人类生存居住条件结合为一体,综合进行环境质量评价是本文的特点与创新之处。文中20选择余项指标因子建立青南生态环境评价模型。其中重点分析了主导因子－高程与太阳辐射、冻土浓度、草场质量分布、居民点密度的数量统计关系。青海东部各县生态环境质量相对较好,中部环境质量相对较严酷,而西部、西北部环境质量极端恶劣,成为著名的“无人区”。 相似文献
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近年来,由于自然环境恶化,荒漠化加剧,以及过度放牧等不利因素的影响,对羊草草甸草原构成了严重威胁。因此,羊草草甸草原的保护和人工草地的重建已引起关注。根据羊草可进行无性繁殖和有性繁殖的特点,将重度退化的天然羊草草场、弃耕地、撂荒地和退耕地进行翻、耙、播种优良羊草种子,建立稳产高产的羊草人工草地是改变吉林西部生态环境的有效方法,也是迅速提高草地生产力的重要措施。 相似文献
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青藏高原高寒草甸,分布广,面积大,类型多,为发展现代化畜牧业提供了雄厚的物质基础和良好的空间条件。但随着牲畜数量的迅速增长,草甸负荷越来越重,因过度放牧和鼠类危害而造成的草甸退化,是影响畜牧业持续、稳定发展的严重问题。 关于放牧对草原植物群落的影响,国内外草原工作者已做过许多研究;鼠类对草原植被的影响,也有不少动植物学者开展过工作。但,有关高寒草甸放牧退化演 相似文献
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Marjorie Armstrong-Stassen Margaret Landstrom Ramona Lumpkin 《The Information Society》1998,14(2):153-164
This study examined how students who had no prior experience with videoconferencing would react to the use of videoconferencing as an instructional medium. Students enrolled in seven different courses completed a questionnaire at the beginning of the semester and again at the end of the semester. Students at the origination and remote sites did not differ in their reactions toward videoconferencing but there was a significant difference for gender. Women reacted less favorably to videoconferencing. Compared to the beginning of the semester, students reported significantly less positive attitudes toward taking a course through videoconferencing at the end of the semester. There were no significant differences in students' attitudes toward videoconferencing across courses at the beginning of the semester but there were significant differences across the courses at the end of the semester. The results suggest the need for better preparation for both students and instructors. 相似文献
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A joint study by Prof. ZHANG Zhibin from the CAS Institute of Zoology his co-workers from Norway US Swiss have indicated that historical outbreaks of migratory locusts in China were associated with cold spells suggesting that China's projected climate warming could decrease the pest's numbers. The study was published in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences on September .…… 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):6-7
Ajoint study by Prof. ZHANG Zhibin from the CAS Institute of Zoology and his co-workers from Norway, US and Swiss have indicated that historical outbreaks of migratory locusts in China were associated with cold spells, suggesting that China＇s projected climate warming could decrease the pest＇s numbers. The study was published in Proceedings of theNational Academy of Sciences on 17 September, 2007. 相似文献
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Caroline Haythornthwaite 《The Information Society》2001,17(3):211-226
A computer-mediated group is a complex entity whose members exchange many types of information via multiple means of communication in pursuit of goals specific to their environment. Over time, they coordinate technical features of media with locally enacted use to achieve a viable working arrangement. To explore this complex interaction, a case study is presented of the social networks of interactions and media use among members of a class of computer-supported distance learners. Results show how group structures associated with project teams dominated who communicated with whom, about what, and via which media over the term, and how media came to occupy their own communication niches: Webboard for diffuse class-wide communication; Internet Relay Chat more to named others but still for general communication across the class; and e-mail primarily for intrateam communication. Face-to-face interaction, occurring only during a short on-campus session, appears to have had a catalytic effect on social and emotional exchanges. Results suggest the need to structure exchanges to balance class-wide sharing of ideas with subgroup interactions that facilitate project completion, and to provide media that support these two modes of interaction. 相似文献
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Electronic data interchange (EDI) provides means for interorganizational communication, creates network externalities, requires an advanced information technology (IT) infrastructure, and relies on standards. In the diffusion of such innovations, institutional involvement is imperative. Such institutions contain governmental agencies, national and global standardization organizations, local government, and nonprofit private organizations like industry associations. The last type of organizations we call intermediating institutions. They intermediate or coordinate ("inscribe") the activities of a group of would-be adopters. Unfortunately, little is known of how these organizations shape the EDI diffusion trajectory. In this article we examine one specific type of intermediating organizations?industry associations?and how they advanced the EDI diffusion process in the grocery sectors of Hong Kong, Denmark and Finland. We identify six institutional measures, placed into a matrix formed by the mode of involvement (influence vs. regulation) and the type of diffusion force (supply push vs. demand pull), that can be mobilized to further the EDI diffusion. Industry associations were found to be active users of all these measures to varying degrees. Their role was critical especially in knowledge building, knowledge deployment, and standard setting. Furthermore, institutional involvement varied due to policy and cultural contingencies and power dependencies. 相似文献
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Puay Tang 《The Information Society》1998,14(1):19-31
The increasing prospects of digital piracy has prompted the perceived need by electronic publishers to adopt technical systems of protection, and governments to reform their copyright laws. This article is a preliminary study of the management of intellectual property by electronic publishers, defined as those involved in the production of online databases, and CD-ROMs. It focuses on three main issues: (1) how electronic publishers view the increasing threat of piracy; (2) the methods of protection employed to protect intellectual property in digital format; and (3) the importance of technological protection of intellectual property in electronic publications. The analysis is based on a sample of 23 UK electronic publishers. The interviews revealed an interesting assortment of protection methods and did not show that technological protection was a preferred way. Instead, the means of protection, in addition to copyright law, comprised niche markets, pricing, trust, bad publicity, and nontechnical and technical means. 相似文献
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Milton Mueller 《The Information Society》2001,17(3):151-163
Long-standing conflict between domain name registrants and trademark holders prompted the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN) to create a global, mandatory arbitration procedure known as the Uniform Dispute Resolution Policy (UDRP). The UDRP has been used in 2166 cases involving 3938 domain names as of 1 November 2000. The policy gives the initiator of a complaint, generally a trademark holder, the right to choose which ICANN-accredited dispute resolution service provider (RSP) will handle the case. During the preparation of the UDRP,some feared that complainant selection would lead to "forum shopping" that might bias the results. This article performs a statistical assessment of the forum-shopping thesis and finds support for it. There are statistically significant differences in the various RSPs' propensity to take away names from defendants; there are also major differences in the number of cases brought to each RSP. RSPs who take away names have the larger share of cases. The study examines other variables that might explain differences in market share, such as price, the plaintiff's nationality, or the time taken to decide a case. It finds that nationality and time also are correlated with market share. The study concludes that shopping for a favorable outcome is an important factor in the UDRP. 相似文献
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Prof. Raymond C.K. Chen a neuropsychologist with the CAS Institute of Psychology has made novel progress in his studies of schizophrenia. His work has been reported by a recent issue of Behavioural Neurology.…… 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):15-15
Prof. Raymond C.K. Chen, a neuropsychologist with the CAS Institute of Psychology, has made novel progress in his studies of schizophrenia. His work has been reported by a recent issue of Behavioural Neurology. 相似文献
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《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2014,(3)
<正>In Xishuangbanna,one of China’s most biodiverse regions,landscape has changed dramatically during the past three decades due to the conversion of tropical rainforest to rubber plantations.In steep areas,terraces are often constructed before planting rubber trees,which causes two important changes in the soil:the destabilization of soil in the bench terraces and the increased vulnerability of unvegetated riser faces to erosion.Few studies have documented the nature and intensity of erosion on bench terraces.Prof.LIU Wenjie and his colleagues from the Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden(XTBG)conducted a study in Menglun County(21°5′39″N,101°15′55″E),Xishuangbanna to evaluate the influence 相似文献
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Chinese Scientists Use Earth Observation Technologies to Study and Protect Wild Camels 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2014,(3):267-268
<正>Chinese scientists plan to apply Earth Observation technologies to protect the critically endangered wild camels(Camelus ferus).With the help of remote sensing,satellite positioning,geographical information system and wireless sensors networks,they will be able to access the distribution and population of the wild camels and protect their habitats.The project will be carried out by the International Research Center for Wild Camel Conservation,which was jointly established earlier this year by the Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth(RADI)of the Chinese 相似文献
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WANG Sijia 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2014,(2):192-194
<正>The Paul Gerson Unna Research Group on Dermatogenomics was founded in October 2012 at the Partner Institute for Computational Biology.The ultimate goal of the group is to understand the biology of skin and skin appendages. 相似文献