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1.
甜菜具有良好的耐盐性.为了阐明盐胁迫对甜菜幼苗的生理伤害以及甜菜的适应变化,以甜菜品种T510为研究材料,采用营养液水培的方式,在浓度为280 mmol·L-1的盐溶液下胁迫48 h,在胁迫处理0、3、6、12、24、48 h后分别取样测定.研究结果表明,甜菜幼苗在短期盐胁迫下幼苗生理伤害和适应指标随时间变化而变化,甜菜幼苗在胁迫12 h时气孔交换参数、相对含水量达到最低值,丙二醛(Malondialdehyde,MDA)含量达到最高值,说明盐胁迫12 h对甜菜伤害最大.胁迫12 h前可溶性蛋白、脯氨酸含量快速增加,缓解盐胁迫造成的植株失水.胁迫12 h后,由于植株体内Na+和Cl-等无机渗透调节物质含量的逐渐升高,可溶性蛋白、脯氨酸含量增长减缓.在逆境条件下甜菜植株能够通过提高脯氨酸、可溶性蛋白的含量来维持体内渗透压平衡来适应逆境. 相似文献
2.
为了解亚菊(Ajania pallasiana)对盐胁迫环境的适应能力,以亚菊扦插苗为材料,采用盆栽试验的方法,在不同Na Cl浓度(0、100、200、300、400、500mmol/L)下,研究了亚菊的叶绿素含量、可溶性糖含量、脯氨酸含量、相对电导率、根系活力等生理指标变化。研究表明,在盐胁迫条件下,亚菊植株生长受到一定程度的抑制,可溶性糖和脯氨酸含量呈先升后降趋势;叶绿素含量和根系活力随盐胁迫强度的增强而下降;相对电导率含量随盐胁迫强度的增强而增加。说明亚菊对较低浓度的盐胁迫有较好的耐受性,而当盐浓度达到300 mmol/L以上时,其生长受到较大程度的抑制。 相似文献
3.
对1周龄砂培的小麦苗用含Na~ 浓度为50-300mmol/L的中性盐NaCl和Na_2CO_3进行胁迫处理,测定其脯氨酸、柠檬酸、Na~ 和K~ 含量,以及K~ /Na~ 比,结果表明:随Na~ 浓度增加,两种胁迫均使麦苗地上部分Na~ 含量趋于升高。使地上、地下两部分K~ 含量趋于下降,使K~ /Na~ 比迅速降低;地下部分Na~ 含量则是,NaCl使其上升,Na_2CO_3使其下降;两种胁迫下,地上部分脯氨酸含量都表现出随胁迫盐Na~ 浓度增加而急剧上升;而柠檬酸含量变化则明显不同,NaCl处理组变化不大,而Na_2CO_3处理组则表现出明显上升的趋势。 相似文献
4.
为了解金鸡菊对盐胁迫环境的适应能力,本实验采用盆栽试验方法,通过对不同浓度盐胁迫条件下金鸡菊的生长状况,植株根冠比,相对电导率,叶绿素含量,根系活力,脯氨酸含量以及丙二醛含量等生理指标变化进行分析,研究盐胁迫环境对金鸡菊生长的影响.研究结果表明,在盐胁迫条件下,金鸡菊植株生长受到一定程度的抑制,植株根冠比、相对电导率、根系活力、叶绿素含量呈先升后降趋势;脯氨酸、丙二醛含量含量随盐胁迫强度的增强而增加. 相似文献
5.
用不同浓度中性盐(NaCl)和碱性盐(Na_2CO_3)对一周龄的小麦苗进行胁迫处理。处理10天后,测定地上、地下部分的干鲜重、含水量及叶绿素含量等生理指标。结果表明,随两种盐浓度的增加,地上、地下部分的含水量、干鲜重及地上部分叶绿素含量均逐渐降低。在相同N_a~ 浓度下,各指标多是Na_2CO_3的胁迫作用大于NaCl,其中Na_2CO3_对根生长的抑制作用及其对叶绿素的下降作用明显甚于NaCl胁迫作用。 相似文献
6.
以转IrrE基因油菜为材料,以非转基因油菜为对照,砂培条件下研究了油菜对Cs的积累吸收情况和Cs胁迫对油菜SOD、POD酶活性、MDA含量及游离脯氨酸含量的影响.结果表明:随着处理浓度的增大,转基因油菜和非转基因油菜对Cs的吸收量都增大,二者根部的吸收量都大于其地上部分;转基因油菜根部的积累量大于非转基因油菜根部的量,而地上部分积累量小于非转基因油菜的含量;在不同Cs浓度的胁迫下,转基因和非转基因叶片的SOD和POD活性均呈现先升后降的趋势,4种Cs浓度处理下转基因油菜活性都高于非转基因油菜;转基因和非转基因油菜叶片的MDA含量均呈上升的趋势,但转基因油菜体内的MDA含量都低于非转基因油菜;4种处理下油菜叶片脯氨酸含量也表现出上升趋势,而转基因油菜产生的游离脯氨酸高于非转基因产生的.以上结果说明在油菜受到Cs胁迫时,转IrrE基因油菜比非转基因油菜更具有Cs胁迫耐受性. 相似文献
7.
采用静态染毒法研究了不同质量浓度的铅离子胁迫下,暴露24,48,72,96h后对草鱼(Ctenopharyngodonidellus)鱼种肾脏和鳃组织中Na+/K+-ATPas活性的影响.结果表明:Pb2+对草鱼鱼种的肾脏、鳃组织Na+/K+-ATPase的活性有抑制作用.且具有时间和浓度效应,即随Pb2+胁迫时间的延长和浓度的升高而下降.Pb2+对草鱼鱼种肾脏Na+/K+-ATPase活性的抑制作用较鳃组织明显,Na+/K+-ATPase可作为一种很有潜力的环境污染效应的生物标志物. 相似文献
8.
采用1/2浓度Hoagland营养液培育法中不同浓度(0.000、0.050、0.075、0.100和0.125 mol/L)的Na Cl溶液处理V2期苗期大豆,待大豆生长至V3期,分析不同浓度盐胁迫对大豆生长以及POD、SOD和CAT同工酶的影响。结果表明:Na Cl浓度越高,大豆生长受到的抑制越大,而POD、SOD和CAT的活性在Na Cl浓度在0.050 mol/L有一定的增加,但增加到0.075 mol/L后,酶的活性降低。在0.075和0.100mol/L的Na Cl浓度诱导出了新的POD同工酶谱带,而0.125 mol/L Na Cl使SOD同工酶的2条谱带消失。 相似文献
9.
《南阳师范学院学报》2015,(3):28-31
以河南桐柏野生大豆幼苗为材料,通过不同浓度Na Cl(0,50,100,150,200 mmol/L)处理,测得叶绿素的含量以及叶绿素荧光参数变化均呈现一定的规律.实验结果表明:不同Na Cl浓度处理下,野生大豆总叶绿素含量、叶绿素a、叶绿素b的含量均先上升后下降,而在高浓度盐胁迫下初始荧光(F0)有升高趋势,最大荧光(Fm)有降低趋势,这说明高浓度盐胁迫使野生大豆的光系统Ⅱ(PSⅡ)受到伤害,电子传递量减少,对光合作用产生了抑制. 相似文献
10.
研究了不同浓度的钠盐（Na2SO4和Na2CO3）胁迫对红麻种子萌发和幼苗生长的影响.结果表明：不同浓度盐胁迫对红麻种子的发芽指标和活力指数均有一定抑制作用,随浓度的增加抑制作用越强.浓度10~50 mmol/L的Na2SO4胁迫下,红麻种子的发芽势、发芽指数与对照没有显著差异,但活力指数显著低于对照,而当Na2SO4浓度为100 mmol/L时种子的发芽势、发芽指数与对照存在显著差异,Na2SO4浓度为200 mmol/L时种子不能萌发;Na2CO3浓度≥50 mmol/L时,红麻种子不能萌发.相同浓度下,Na2CO3比Na2SO4对红麻种子萌发的抑制作用更明显. 相似文献
11.
Interaction of salinity and cadmium stresses on mineral nutrients,sodium, and cadmium accumulation in four barley genotypes 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Interaction of salinity （NaCI） and cadmium （Cd） on growth, mineral nutrients, Na and Cd accumulation in four barley genotypes differing in salt tolerance was studied in a hydroponic experiment. Cd, NaCI and their combined stresses reduced Ca and Mg concentrations in roots and shoots, K concentration in shoots, increased K and Cu concentrations in roots relative to control, but had non-significant effect on micronutrients Cu, Fe and Mn concentrations in shoot. The three stresses reduced accumulation of most tested nutrients in both roots and shoots, except NaCI and NaCl＋Cd stresses for root K and shoot Cu accumulation in salt tolerant genotypes. The salt tolerant genotypes did not have higher nutrient concentration and accumulation than the sensitive ones when exposed to Cd and NaCI stresses. In conclusion, the affecting mechanism of Cd stress on nutrients was to some extent different from salinity stress, and the NaCl＋Cd stress was not equal to additional Cd and NaCI stresses, probably due to the different valence and competitive site of Na^＋ and Cd^2＋. NaCI addition in the Cd-containing medium caused remarkable reductions in both Cd concentration and accumulation, with the extent of reduction being also dependent on genotypes. The salt-tolerant genotypes had lower Na concentration than sensitive ones. 相似文献
12.
The effect of Al and Cd on the growth, photosynthesis, and accumulation of Al, Cd and plant nutrients in two soybean genotypes were determined using hydroponic culture. There were six treatments: pH 6.5; pH 4.0; pH 6.5 1.0 μmol/L Cd; pH 4.0 1.0 μmol/L Cd; pH 4.0 150 μmol/L Al; pH 4.0 1.0 μmol/L Cd 150 μmol/L Al. The low pH (4.0) and Al treatments caused marked reduction in root length, shoot height, dry weight, chlorophyll content (SPAD value) and photosynthetic rate. Al-sensitive cv. Zhechun 2 accumulated comparatively more Al and Cd in plants than Al-tolerant cv. Liao 1. Compared with pH 6.5, pH 4.0 resulted in significant increase in Cd and Al concentration in plants. Combined application of Cd and Al enhanced their accu-mulation in roots, but caused a reduction in shoots. The concentrations of all 10 nutrients (P, K, Ca, Mg, Fe, Mn, Cu, Zn and B), except Mo were also increased when plants were exposed to pH lower than pH 6.5. Al addition caused a reduction in the con-centration of most nutrients in plant roots and shoots; but K, Mn and Zn in roots were increased. Treatments with Cd alone or together with Al reduced the concentrations of all the plant nutrients in plants. Al-sensitive genotype Zhechun 2 has lower nutrient concentration than Al-tolerant genotype Liao 1. The current findings imply that Al and Cd are synergistic in their effect on plant growth, physiological traits and nutrient uptake. 相似文献
13.
Disparity in the root morphology of six rice (Oryza sativa L.) genotypes varying in potassium (K) efficiency was studied with three K levels: 5 mg/L (low),10 mg/L (moderate) and 40 mg/L (adequate) in hydroponic culture.Morphological parameters included root length,surface area,volume and count of lateral roots,as well as fine (diameter<0.2 mm) and thick (diameter>0.2 mm) roots.The results indicate that the root growth of all genotypes was reduced under low K,but moderate K deficiency increased the root length of the efficient genotypes.At deficient and moderate K levels,all the efficient rice genotypes developed more fine roots (diameter<0.2 mm) than the inefficient ones.Both fine root count and root surface area were found to be the best parameters to portray K stress in rice.In accordance with the root morphology,higher K concentrations were noted in shoots of the efficient genotypes when grown at moderate and deficient K levels,indicating that root morphology parameters are involved in root uptake for K and in the translocation of K up to shoots.K deficiency affected not only the root morphology,but also the root ultra-structure.The roots of high-efficient genotypes had stronger tolerance to K deficient stress for root membrane damage,and could maintain the developed root architecture to adapt to the low K growth medium. 相似文献
14.
300 mmol/L NaCl明显抑制大麦幼苗的生长，NaCl处理的同时加入20 m妙L的GSH可明显增加大麦幼苗干重、根系长度、叶
片叶绿素以及K+含量，降低Na+含量；同时叶片液泡膜H+-ATPase和H+-PPase的活性均明显增加，电解质渗漏率降低. 相似文献
15.
Hydroponic experiments conducted to examine the chromiun uptake by C. communis in the presence of different Cr concentrations (Cr6+ 100 and 200 mg/L, respectively) and free histidine supplementation (0.5 and 1.0 mol/L) showed that shoot and root growth of C. communis decreased greatly with increasing Cr concentrations in the medium; and that the species was a typical excluder since it accumulated high concentrations of Cr in roots but comparatively low concentrations in shoots. Chromium in shoots and roots of Cr24 -supplied plants ranged from 329-1880 and 3788-4240 mg/kg DW, respectively, while those of Cr24 -histidine-supplied plants ranged from 478 to 629 mg/kg and 4157-4303 mg/kg DW, respectively. With Cr present in the hydroponic solution, C. communis accumulated more Cr in its tissues. Increasing histidine application to the solution significantly increased chromium accumulation in the plant tissues but could not alter the accumulation pattern of plants although it induced a higher concentration of Cr in its shoots and roots. These features suggested that C. communis may serve as an alternative species in a constructed wetland for phytoextraction treatment of Cr-containing wastewater and for phytostabilization of Cr mining spoils. 相似文献
16.
以大花蕙兰的茎尖为外植体,探讨了不同培养基对原球茎增殖、分化和小苗诱导及壮苗生根的影响．结果表明：1)大花蕙兰组织培养的原球茎诱导和增殖都可以用培养基1／2MS BA1．0mg／L NAA0．5mg／L;2)适合大花蕙兰组织培养原球茎芽苗诱导的培养基配方为1／2MS BAl．5mg／L NAA0．5mg／L;3)适合大花蕙兰壮苗生根的培养基配方为1／2MS NAA0,1mg／L GAl．0mg／L的组合． 相似文献
17.
利用福建大豆主栽品种的子叶节为外植体,进行组织培养再生研究,探讨不同品种、不同激素和除草剂不同浓度的诱导效果。结果表明不同大豆品种诱导分化能力差别较大,供试品种中“莆豆8008”的诱导能力较强,丛生芽诱导率和平均丛生芽数分别为94.2%和2.69。不同激素种类和浓度对大豆子叶节丛生芽诱导,表明6-BA较适合于丛生芽的诱导,适宜浓度为1.67mg/L。大豆子叶节不定芽分化和伸长的除草剂Glufosinate梯度实验表明除草剂Glufosinate5mg/L可作为不定芽分化和伸长的选择压力,生根培养基上不宜加除草剂Glufosinate。 相似文献
18.
大豆叶面喷硒可明显提高籽粒硒含量,以鼓粒期一次喷施亚硒酸钠水溶液效果最佳,籽粒硒含量最高可比对照提高31.71倍。大豆叶面喷硒对植株生长及产量无不良影响。 相似文献
19.
To predict the economic loss of crops caused by acid rain, we used partial least squares （PLS） regression to build a model of single dependent variable - the economic loss calculated with the decrease in yield related to the pH value and levels of Ca^2＋, NH4^＋, Na^＋, K^＋, Mg^2＋, SO4^2-, NO3^-, and Cl^- in acid rain. We selected vegetables which were sensitive to acid rain as the sample crops, and collected 12 groups of data, of which 8 groups were used for modeling and 4 groups for testing. Using the cross validation method to evaluate the performace of this prediction model indicates that the optimum number of principal components was 3, determined by the minimum of prediction residual error sum of squares, and the prediction error of the regression equation ranges from -2.25% to 4.32%. The model predicted that the economic loss of vegetables from acid rain is negatively corrrelated to pH and the concentrations of NH4^＋, SO4^2-, NO3^-, and Cl^- in the rain, and positively correlated to the concentrations of Ca^2＋, Na^＋, K^＋ and Mg^2＋. The precision of the model may be improved if the non-linearity of original data is addressed. 相似文献
20.
皱叶忍冬的组织培养与快速繁殖初步研究 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
以宜州当地主要金银花品种皱叶忍冬的茎段为外植体材料,于MSt和1/2MS附加不同激素配比的基本培养基上,探讨丛生芽诱导及生根诱导的条件。试验结果表明：丛生芽诱导和继代培养的培养基为MS 6-BA0．5mg／L IBA0．05mg／L,生根培养基为1/2MS IBA1．0mg／L NAA0．05mg／L． 相似文献