共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 125 毫秒
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提高踢球用力感准确性教法的初步研究 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
借助实验心理学等方法，采用了三种不同的练习方法，在实验条件下找出了能提高长传踢球用力感准确性的相对较好的方法，即外加视觉信号的练习方法有利于学生长传踢球用力感准确性的提高，且经济、实用。 相似文献
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铅球教学与训练,主要技术是持球,滑步,最后用力拨球和球出手后维持身体平衡几个部分,而用力掷拨球又是决定运动成绩好坏的关键。为提高上肢力量,在掷拨球教学中采用提拉式,上推式和吊球拨球法进行练习,不仅提高运动机能,而对提高身体素质,增加上肢肌群的爆发力量,有着重要作用。通过实践,实验对比,明显提高了运动成绩。该方法不仅适用教学,而且对训练也有指导价值,并具有一定的科学意义。 相似文献
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张东兵 《武汉体育学院学报》2004,38(2):105-106,113
对铅球、标枪、铁饼在最后用力阶段非投掷臂的大幅度摆动成绩与小幅度摆动成绩进行了实验研究。研究结果表明，非投掷臂在最后用力阶段的正确姿势对投掷成绩有显著的影响：铁饼成绩提高最显著，其次是标枪、铅球。 相似文献
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本文通过文献资料、实验方法、结合本人从事多年的铅球训练经验,对在推铅球技术中的左腿支撑用力技术进行实验和理论上的分析。分析结果表明,左脚着地后的制动是左腿用力充分及快速蹬伸的基础,对运动员投掷成败起着积极地主导作用,在最后用力的推铅球力量的大小,关键在于左腿,它是推铅球动力的主要来源,所以,左腿支撑用力在推铅球过程中不但起到了制动与支撑作用,而且加大左腿蹬伸的力量与速度,对增加力量向铅球传递的效果及提远度都起着重要作用。 相似文献
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运用运动生物力学等方法，对现阶段4名世界优秀女子链球运动员的投掷技术特征进行研究。发现：我国选手在技术上占有一定优势，但对器械持续加速能力有待于提高，特别是最后用力阶段对器械的做功距离和旋转节奏。其中王峥第三、第四圈双支撑、最后用力阶段对器械加速的效果较差，存在左肩后撤和左膝关节压紧效果差的现象。张文秀对器械加速轨迹路线较长，但第一圈存在左膝伸展幅度大和第二圈左侧轴回撤现象；国外优秀选手普遍存在进旋转“迎球”不积极的现象，但旋转节奏较好，对器械持续加速能力好于我国选手，特别是最后用力阶段。其中沃达对器械旋转节奏较好，双支撑阶段对器械加速效果较好，左膝关节压紧效果明显好于我国选手。本研究分析我国选手在技术上的优势和存在的问题，对进一步完善技术提供理论依据，为我国在该项目上的选材提供帮助，以期推动该项目在我国的进一步发展。 相似文献
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智勇 《西安体育学院学报》2008,25(5)
通过运用三维运动学分析的方法，对现阶段我国15名运动员32次的试掷进行研究发现，我国选手在最后用力中存在右脚着地瞬间躯干倾角偏大，身体对器械的超越不够，“满弓”形成瞬间上体抬起过大，上肢移过支撑点过早，右肘弯屈过大和提前用力等问题，缩短了最后用力的距离和幅度，造成“满弓”动作和用力效果不好等现象。 相似文献
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乒乓球拍的拍柄形状 与握拍用力方法有直接关 系，常规的直式拍柄形状 可以分为三种：椎形、直 形和日式柄（图１—３）。 不同的拍柄形状对握拍用 大会产生不同的影响，例 如：直拍快攻型打法的选 手喜欢选用传统的椎形拍 柄，这种拍柄的特点是顶 部较粗、靠近球拍双肩处 较细。这种打法需要拇 指、食指和中指在球拍的三个着力点协调用力灵活变化拍形角度，敏锐地调整用力方向和用力方法，同时还能稳定保持拍形，精确发力击球。然而手指的用力必须依靠一个稳定的支点，因此必须让虎口的食指根部稳定贴靠在拍柄背面，上述几点的协调用力才能… 相似文献
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This study examined the effect of carbohydrate ingestion on metabolic and performance-related responses during and after a simulated 1h cycling time trial. Eight trained male cyclists (VO 2 peak = 66.5ml kg -1 min -1 ) rode their own bicycles mounted on a windload simulator to imitate real riding conditions. At a self-selected maximal pace, the cyclists performed two 1h rides (separated by 7 days) and were fed either an 8% carbohydrate or placebo solution. The beverages were administered 25 min before (4.5ml kg -1 ) and at the end (4.5ml kg -1 ) of the ride. With carbohydrate feeding, plasma glucose tended (P = 0.21) to rise before the time trial. Compared with rest, the plasma glucose concentration decreased significantly (P < 0.05) at the end of both rides, with no statistically significant difference being observed between treatments. Thereafter, plasma glucose increased significantly (P < 0.05) at 15 and 30 min into recovery, and was significantly higher at 30 min during the carbohydrate trial compared with the placebo trial. No significant changes in plasma free fatty acids were observed during the ride. However, a significant increase (P < 0.05) in free fatty acids was found at 15 and 30 min into recovery, with no difference between trials. Mean power output was significantly (P < 0.05) greater during the carbohydrate compared with the placebo trial (mean - S.E.: 277-3 and 269-3W, respectively). The greater distance covered in the carbohydrate compared with the placebo trial (41.5-1.06 and 41.0–1.06km, respectively; P < 0.05) was equivalent to a 44s improvement. We conclude that pre-exercise carbohydrate ingestion significantly increases endurance performance in trained cyclists during a 1h simulated time trial. Although the mechanism for this enhancement in performance with carbohydrate ingestion cannot be surmised from the present results, it could be related to a higher rate of carbohydrate oxidation, or to favourable effects of carbohydrate ingestion on the central component of fatigue. 相似文献
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Roy J. Shephard 《Journal of sports sciences》2013,31(7):603-620
The biology and medicine of rowing are briefly reviewed. Effort in a 2000 -m race is about 70% aerobic. Because the boat (and in some instances a cox) must be propelled, successful competitors are very tall, with a large lean mass and aerobic power. Large hearts may lead to erroneous diagnoses of a cardiomyopathy. Large respiratory minute volumes must be developed by chest muscles that are also involved in rowing. The vital capacity is typically large, and breathing becomes entrained. Expiration cannot be slowed relative to inspiration (as normally occurs at high rates of ventilation) and the limiting flow velocity may be reached, with the potential for airway collapse. Performance is strongly related to the power output at the ‘anaerobic threshold’, and lactate measures provide a guide to an appropriate intensity of endurance training. Peak blood lactate levels are higher in males (commonly 11–19 mmol·l -1 and occasionally as high as 25 mmol·l -1) than in females (9–11 mmol·l -1), probably because males have a greater muscle mass in relation to blood volume. The skeletal muscles are predominantly slow twitch in type, developing an unusual force and power at low contraction velocities. Many rowers have a suboptimal diet, eating excessive amounts of fat. Lightweight rowers also have problems of weight cycling. Aerobic power and muscle endurance often change by 10% over the season, but such fluctuations can be largely avoided by a well-designed winter training programme. Injuries include back and knee problems, tenosynovitis of the wrist and, since the introduction of large blades, fractures of the costae. 相似文献
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许良 《体育科技文献通报》2011,19(2):1-4
基于1985、1995和2005年全国学生体质调研数据,对各时期我国城乡学生形态、机能、体能发展水平进行系统地定量研究,动态分析20年全国城乡学生体质发展的特点与规律。主要研究结果：（1）近20年城乡学生生长发育持续提前,城市学生各项形态指标生长水平高于乡村,身高城乡差距缩小,体重、胸围城乡差距加大;（2）城市学生肺活量水平高于乡村,城乡学生肺活量20年持续下降,前10年乡村学生下降快、后10年城市学生下降快;（3）乡村学生800m、1000m跑水平高于城市,城市女生50m跑、仰卧起坐水平高于乡村,其他素质城乡学生水平波动较大;（4）城市女生50m跑20年持续下降,城乡学生800m和1000m跑、城市学生50m×8往返跑20年加速下降,其他素质20年间有增有降发展极不平稳。 相似文献
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采用测量、问卷调查、数理统计等方法,分析定向运动学习前后对大学生身心健康的影响.结果经T检验和x2检验且表明：定向运动不仅能增强学生体质健康水平,而且有助于学生的情绪调节,增强自信心与创新意识,培养勇敢顽强的意志品质,建立良好的人际关系,能有效地促进学生身心健康发展.为了全面提高大学生整体素质,积极实践,构建定向运动课内外一体化教学模式,进行定向运动课程模块化教学,以满足学生的多元化需求. 相似文献
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Alan M. Nevill Roger L. Holder Andrew Bardsley Helen Calvert Stephen Jones 《Journal of sports sciences》2013,31(4):437-443
A regression analysis of competitors' tournament results in relation to their world rankings was proposed to identify the effect of home advantage in international ‘grand-slam’ tennis and ‘major’ golf tournaments. The results provided little evidence of home advantage in either the grand-slam tennis or the golf tournaments held in 1993. The only possible evidence of home advantage was found in the Wimbledon tennis and the US Open golf championships. Even these findings can be explained, at least partially, by (1) the availability of information concerning the low world rankings of the British tennis players competing at Wimbledon, and (2) selective entry, allowing only the world's top-ranked foreign golfers into the US open golf tournament. In both cases, the lower ranking home competitors have a greater opportunity to perform above their anticipated world rankings. Therefore, provided entry into tennis and golf tournaments is truly ‘open’ to both the host nation's representatives and foreign competitors alike, home advantage does not appear to be a major factor influencing the competitors' performance in such competitions. These findings may be explained by the relatively objective nature of the scoring systems used in tennis and golf, unlike the subjective influence of refereeing decisions on the results of team-games such as soccer. 相似文献
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曲爱宁 《体育科技文献通报》2007,15(8):97-98
柔韧素质是健美操专业学生的专项素质之一,通过对普通高校健美操专业学生分组对照进行柔韧性训练的实验研究,认为对训练肌群辅以按摩器振颤刺激,可大大提高柔韧性训练效果。 相似文献
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我国城市体育自然环境建设与发展的研究 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
采用实地调查研究、理性思维研究和文献资料调研等方法对主要问题进行了专门研究，提出了进行城市体育场所区域生态功能区划、设计体育生态功能区布局的方案、做好体育场所绿色环境系统规划、制定体育场所生态与绿地管理措施等基本观点，提出了若干城市体育自然环境建设与发展的对策。 相似文献
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重新认识体育的社会关联 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
体育与政治之间存在一个悖论，体育的发展与经济实力之间没有直线相关，体育与教育部分重叠，体育与宗教最为近缘，体育可借用科学手段，体育的艺术禀性日益明显，体育与养生反映着两种人生观。 相似文献