共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 46 毫秒
1.
赵红 《安徽教育学院学报》2009,27(5):102-105
教育公平问题是一个与我国教育发展进程相伴始终的问题。纵观学术界对教育公平问题和高等教育公平问题的研究,涉及的内容主要包括：关于教育公平问题的理论探讨、我国教育公平现实问题的研究,实现高等教育公平的措施和途径等。 相似文献
2.
Su Chien-Ling 《Chinese Education & Society》2014,47(4):14-22
The promotion of sex/gender equity education in Taiwan was initiated by a women's movement group, the Awakening Foundation in the late 1980s. In 1997, it became a policy in education. The passage of the Gender Equity Education Act in 2004 was a major milestone. At present, although gender equity education has been essentially institutionalized, the challenges and obstacles are still many and, therefore, nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) must continue their work. This article introduces two central government committees and four NGOs closely related to the issue, to provide an overview and assessment of their functions and roles, as well as the relationships between them. 相似文献
3.
如何确保高等教育机会公平,尤其是如何确保弱势群体的高等教育机会,已经成为国际化的教育和政策问题,而这个问题随着高等教育规模的扩大又进一步被放大。通过研究英国高等教育扩张中的机会公平问题,本文总结到,大量的高等教育机会不公平是隐性的,是在基础教育以及中级教育阶段就已经形成的。因此,要改善高等教育中的机会公平,不能仅限于高等教育范畴的研究和改革。 相似文献
4.
《Chinese Education & Society》2013,46(5-6):112-133
The global phenomenon of higher educational expansion and opportunity is one of the major social changes since World War II. In 1949, only 1 university and 3 junior colleges existed in Taiwan. After 60 years, the number of higher education institutions had grown to 163, including 147 universities/colleges and 16 junior colleges. The dialectic between equity and access of higher educational opportunity has been a key area for debate among Taiwan educators and policy makers over the last decade. Along with the increasing number of higher education enrollments, the issue related to the stratification of higher educational opportunity becomes an increasingly important issue. Based on premises of two theories—Maximum Maintained Inequality and Effectively Maintained Inequality—the authors analyze the relationship between expansion and stratification of higher educational opportunity via one nationwide higher education survey administered by the Center on Research for Educational Evaluation and Development (CREED) at the National Taiwan Normal University. Findings indicate that the expansion of higher education does not necessarily parallel equal access to higher education. This conclusion is reinforced based on the study's findings that ethnicity, socioeconomic status, and gender inequalities have generally decreased for higher education students attending the less selective vocational track but increased for those attending the more selective general track. 相似文献
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The article examines the theoretical and empirical literature on higher education’s role in relation to social equity and
related notions of citizenship, social justice, social cohesion and meritocracy. It considers both the education and the research
functions of higher education and how these impact upon different sections of society, on who benefits and who loses from
them. Questions for future research on the wider impact of higher education are posed as well as some research questions on
the narrower issue of widening participation. 相似文献
7.
印度自独立之初就将起点公平作为教育发展战略，大规模扩张高等教育规模，目前印度高等教育机构数量全球第一。“量”的急剧扩充导致“质”的持续下滑；片面追求起点公平忽视过程公平和结果公平，使得不同性别、阶层、区域和贫富之间的教育不公平问题加剧。印度高等教育公平与质量冲突的根源在于社会阶层割裂阻滞弱势群体的教育意识，高等教育平庸化导致优质教育匮乏，管理体系羸弱使政策成效不彰。印度要实现高等教育高质量公平道阻且长。 相似文献
8.
高等学校教育公平问题探讨 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
随着我国高等教育大众化时期的到来,高等教育公平问题日渐成为社会的热点话题。人们更多地将目光聚焦于高等教育的外部公平,而忽视了内部公平。高校要科学地理解教育公平的内涵,走出认识误区,认真落实学校内部教育公平,以促进学生和谐发展和高等教育质量持续提高。 相似文献
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大多数学者认为异地高考政策更加有利于家庭条件较好的随迁子女,少数学者则认为该政策能有效保障农村随迁子女的教育权益,但已有文献仍缺乏关于异地高考政策对两类流动人口高等教育机会影响差异的比较研究。基于2017年中国流动人口动态监测调查数据,本文探讨了异地高考政策对城乡随迁子女高等教育机会的影响,并探究了该政策的调节作用。研究发现,异地高考政策对农村随迁子女高等教育机会的促进作用显著高于城镇随迁子女,且这种效应仅在高政策门槛地区存在,低门槛地区不存在。从政策的调节作用来看,异地高考政策有助于提高农村流动人口子女随迁的意愿,且对农村随迁子女高等教育机会的促进作用要显著高于农村留守子女。同时,异地高考政策可显著降低农村随迁子女家庭社会经济地位对其子女高等教育机会的影响。为此,各地方政府应坚持并完善异地高考政策,充分发挥该政策促进高等教育公平的杠杆作用;流入地政府要进一步提高本地高中教育服务能力;中央政府要进一步推进、完善高考录取制度改革。 相似文献
10.
张珩 《佳木斯教育学院学报》2012,(3):140-140
教育公平问题是一个与我国教育发展进程相伴的问题,是世界近现代教育民主进程中一个普遍的重要原则。随着经济发展和社会进步,高等教育公平成为社会关注的热点,在我国高等教育迈向大众化阶段的特定时期,教育公平问题不断凸显,因此它越来越成为社会关注的话题。许多学者对高等教育公平问题进行了研究,主要内容包括:关于我国高等教育公平的概念研究,关于我国高等教育公平的实践问题研究等。 相似文献
11.
本研究主要在探讨80年代至今,台湾地区高等教育财政改革所面临的问题与挑战及所采取的因应措施。台湾地区高等教育在90年代逐渐迈向普及化后,在财政困窘下,一方面是政府对大学的补助款逐年减少,一方面是大学体认到市场的优势,以市场的利基舒缓财政的压力,形成政府、市场与大学财政良性的互动关系。政府对大学财政的改革所采取的作为是:(一)以教学需求为导向,改变经费分配机制;(二)推动实施校务基金,协助公立大学财务自主;(三)对私立大学提供奖补助的经费;(四)5年500亿竞争性补助款的分配。至于市场对大学财政改革的影响,是1990年开始实施"大学弹性调整学费",除由政府订定每年收费标准外,大学按需求有10%上限的调整学费空间。对于学费征收,政府给大学自主的空间有限,学费对公私立大学有"市场失灵"的现象。所以,台湾地区公私立大学财政改革的作为仍以政府主导为主,市场的利基发挥的功能有限。最后,本文对台湾地区公私立大学未来财源筹措途径提出若干策略,作为改进的参考。 相似文献
12.
Fei Wang 《Interchange》2013,44(1-2):45-62
This study provides insight into equity issues in post-secondary education by exploring and assessing the history, the reality and the potential developments in higher education for minority students in China, in comparison to post-secondary education for aboriginal students in Canada. It highlights access to post-secondary education by these minorities in both countries in terms of educational policy enactment, orientation, and its enforcement. The study examines both commonalties and differences in the educational policies of both countries to shed light on how each country is able to grapple with the issue of equity in their respective post-secondary educational systems in response to the principles of liberty, equity and dignity as outlined in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. This study employs a historical approach to identify the common trends by examining issues concerning access to post-secondary education for ethnic minorities in China and the aboriginals in Canada. Specifically, the study employs a comparative method analyzing how access and equity are defined, how policies have evolved, and the impact that the policy has on the minority students in China and aboriginal students in Canada. The assessment of the access issues in these two countries not only reveals some common trends in the evolution of access norms in the post-secondary education of both countries, but also identifies certain differences in response to their historical traditions, national cultures, and diverse educational structures. The findings are presented in three sections: growth and gap, equality versus equity, and equity and the difference among the difference. 相似文献
13.
Ulrich Heublein 《European Journal of Education》2014,49(4):497-513
28% of students of any one year currently give up their studies in bachelor degree programmes at German higher education institutions. Drop-out is to be understood as the definite termination in the higher education system without obtaining an academic degree. The drop-out rate is thereby calculated with the help of statistical estimation procedures on the basis of cohort comparisons. Based on Tinto's ‘student integration model’, German research on higher education has experienced partially different developments of theoretical approaches to student drop-out. Today, preference goes to those models of drop-out that describe the issue as a complex process in which individual, institutional and social factors affect the socialisation in the education process and studies. According to the findings of empirical studies, the inability to cope with the performance-related demands of the higher education institution, wrong expectations and less identification with the subject, as well as problems in financing studies are considered to be the most important reasons for dropping out. Higher education institutions and higher education policy in Germany react to this situation with broad assistance measures that include the flexibilisation of the curricula, better information for students and the expansion of the support offered during the start of the studies. 相似文献
14.
袁新涛 《成都教育学院学报》2011,(7):26-31
追求社会公平是人类社会的崇高理想。让每一个人享有公平的受教育机会,是宪法赋予公民的基本权利,也是中国教育改革发展不懈追求的重要目标。在构建社会主义和谐社会的历史进程中,促进教育公平的问题显得尤为重要和突出。党的十七大进一步强调,教育公平是社会公平的重要基础。促进教育公平是落实科学发展观的重要体现,是我国教育发展重要的价值取向。实现人人享有平等的受教育权是教育公平的重要内容,实现农民受教育权益有利于教育公平作用的发挥,并可以促进教育公平目的的实现。 相似文献
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目前,教育机会均等问题已成为学界普遍关注的热点问题,而日本是较好地解决这一问题的国家之一,其中私立大学发挥作用尤为突出,因此,本文从比较与借鉴的视角,就日本高等教育入学机会差异的表现、影响因素以及缩小差异的举措进行了初步探讨,希望能对我国实现高等教育机会平等有所裨益。 相似文献
16.
Kim Fong Poon-McBrayer 《Asia Pacific Journal of Education》2004,24(2):157-172
In Hong Kong, the concept of equity and subsequently inclusive education began to gain ground in the 1970s. Inclusive education has been made the goal of special education since 1977 and was finally implemented in 1997. Meanwhile, Hong Kong has been struggling to maintain its competitiveness in a global and knowledge-based economy. Elitism and marketisation of education battle against the force of equity and will continue to form strong forces in determining educational policies and directions. Therefore, this article examines Hong Kong's inclusive education agenda, the roles of government bodies and higher education institutions, and the progress achieved. In addition, salient issues that have emerged and affected inclusive education in Hong Kong as a result of the struggle among equity, elitism and marketisation forces are discussed. 相似文献
17.
《Chinese Education & Society》2013,46(5-6):45-58
The employment performance (including salaries, relevant to studies and job satisfaction) of college graduates from different school types and disciplines after the universalization of higher education in Taiwan was examined and a comparative analysis was conducted in this article. The findings were as follows: 1) "Medicine and health" and "industrial arts" were the best disciplines in terms of overall employment performance; however, "arts," "agriculture," "mass media," "physical education/other," "home economics," and "tourism services" performed poorly overall in terms of employment. 2) The graduates' employment performance in the school type of "public universities" was better than others for the most part in Taiwan; however, the graduates of "public universities" who majored in arts, agriculture, mass media, physical education/other, home economics, and tourism services did not do well in terms of their employment performance. Based on the analysis, from the viewpoint of employment, we suggested that Taiwan's colleges and universities restructure the disciplines within their institutions and we also offered some suggestions to high school graduates about how to choose higher education institutions and disciplines. 相似文献
18.
论中国高等教育公平的价值追求与政策抉择 总被引：23，自引：0，他引：23
陈彬 《华中师范大学学报(人文社会科学版)》2003,42(2):128-135
本文认为高等教育公平是一个复杂的不断发展的概念，它的核心是制度或规则公平。在高等教育公平与效率的相互关系中，两者是相互影响，相互制约的。高等教育效率是高等教育公平的前提和手段，高等教育公平是高等教育效率的目的。因而，在政策抉择中应从完善高等教育体制，改良高等教育过程，提高高等教育质量以及关注弱势群体，建立有效补偿机制等方面入手，构建一个市场、政府、高校三者之间稳定、适应性强的互促关系，以此实现高等教育公平与效率的和谐共生。 相似文献
19.
教育公平问题一直是教育领域尤其是教育社会学领域的核心问题。随着时代的发展,教育公平的内涵也在不断地变化。在对教育公平哲学思考的基础上,可以追寻两种理论,即柯林斯的教育成层理论和布迪厄的文化再生产理论。由此发现,教育公平的实现在现阶段是不可能的,原因在于受教育权利的平等与教育机会均等的实现障碍重重;教育过程投入均等的实现长路漫漫;教育结果均等的不可能与没有必要;教育公平感因人而异。要使教育接近公平,教育公平应该回到最初的理念;教育公平应该兼容精英教育;教育公平应该关注弱势群体;教育公平应该在社会变革中实现。 相似文献
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随着我国教育改革的不断推进,教育公平问题成为当今社会关注的热点问题。对由于区域差距、城乡差异、阶层差别及政策倾斜造成的教育不公等问题要正确认识。我国的这种教育不公状况是在长期的历史发展过程中形成的,只有在科学发展观的指导下继续坚持效率优先原则,才能在发展中不断解决问题,而实现教育公平的关键是寻找教育公平与效率的均衡点。 相似文献