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通过“表象训练”在篮球原地单手肩上投篮教学中运用的实验研究,探讨此方法在篮球投篮技术教学中的效果。结果表象：实验班学生原地单手肩上投篮的技术明显优于对照班学生。 相似文献
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非优势手训练是根据神经系统兴奋与抑制相互诱导理论中的同时负诱导和相继正诱导为理论依据,此理论应用于高校篮球教学中,主要是让学生在学、练篮球过程中,通过变换上肢活动部位,使神经细胞轮流工作,强化神经系统对机体的调节作用,达到完善篮球动作技术的目的。教学实验结果表明:实验班篮球技术的掌握比对照班好,经综合评定考试,实验班成绩优于对照班,对考试成绩进行T检验,两班考核结果具有显著差异。教学效果显著。 相似文献
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在排球教学中 ,发球技术是一项重要技术 ,也是唯一不受他人制约的技术。学生开始对学习发球兴趣很大 ,因此教学方法更具有重要性。本文通过对两个排球选项班女生分别采用表象教学和常规教学 ,经过 14学时的教学后 ,进行统一考核 ,发现表象教学法在学习动作及培养自信心上优于常规班。1 研究对象与方法研究对象 :浙江工业大学 99级两个排球选项班女生。实验班 2 4人 ,对照班 2 4人。实验前对两个班学生的身体素质进行了测试 ,结果显示 ,两个班学生的可比性条件一致。研究方法 :主要采用实验方法 ,对照班采用传统的发球教学法进行分解教学 :如抛球、击球部位、击球用力、完整动作练习。实验班在传统发球教学法的基础上 ,结合表象教学。即每个环节教师讲解示范后 ,学生闭目作 1～2遍视觉表象训练。然后教师突出重点再讲解示范 ,学生开始练习。练习结束 ,学生做短暂休息 ,再闭目做 1～ 2遍动觉表象训练。2 结果与分析2 1 表象教学对排球技评成绩的影响经过 14学时的教学后 ,对两班学生排球发球进行了考核 (表 1)。考核指标有技术达标和个数达标 ,并对考核结果进行了统计学分析。表 1 实验班与对照班排球发球技评、达标成... 相似文献
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想象训练是1种心理训练方法。普通高校散手教学初期运用想象训练,主要是让学生在学、练、散手基本动作,基本技术及组合技术的过程中,通过心理训练,对各项技术进行自我想象,浮现每1个动作,使身体运动与大脑思维有机结合,达到强化动作的正确概念,有效地完善散手技术的目的。教学实验结果表明;实验班散手技术的掌握比对照班好。经综合评定考试,实验班成绩优于对照班,对考试成绩进行T检验,两班考核结果具有显著性差异。教学效果显著。 相似文献
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通过在蛙泳教学中运用表象训练实验,结果表明:表象训练可促进动作概念的形成,加速学习和改进动作技术,提高教学质量。与此同时,对表象训练运用于蛙泳教学的理论依据进行了分析和探讨,为在优化教学中针对性地运用表象训练提供一定的科学依据。 相似文献
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在高校足球技术教学中运用表象训练,旨在让学生在学习足球技术的过程中,通过心理训练,使身体运动与大脑思维活动有机结合,以达到强化动作要领,促进对技术的掌握之目的。通过教学实验表明,实验组足球技术的掌握情况比对照组好。对考核成绩进行了T检验,两组考核结果具有显著性差异,教学效果显著。 相似文献
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研究基于合作学习理论,采用文献调研、问卷调查法、数理统计法,对浙江树人大学公共体育课篮球班学生30人作为实验班,把合作学习教学理论引入篮球教学中;另一个篮球班学生30人作为对照班,进行传统教学,再进行比较.结果显示:在进行一个学期合作学习教学干预后,实验班与对照班的学生篮球技术水平呈显著差异,P<0.05水平;实验班在社交行为、学业成就动机上,T检验结果都表现出显著性差异. 相似文献
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This study examined the effect of carbohydrate ingestion on metabolic and performance-related responses during and after a simulated 1h cycling time trial. Eight trained male cyclists (VO 2 peak = 66.5ml kg -1 min -1 ) rode their own bicycles mounted on a windload simulator to imitate real riding conditions. At a self-selected maximal pace, the cyclists performed two 1h rides (separated by 7 days) and were fed either an 8% carbohydrate or placebo solution. The beverages were administered 25 min before (4.5ml kg -1 ) and at the end (4.5ml kg -1 ) of the ride. With carbohydrate feeding, plasma glucose tended (P = 0.21) to rise before the time trial. Compared with rest, the plasma glucose concentration decreased significantly (P < 0.05) at the end of both rides, with no statistically significant difference being observed between treatments. Thereafter, plasma glucose increased significantly (P < 0.05) at 15 and 30 min into recovery, and was significantly higher at 30 min during the carbohydrate trial compared with the placebo trial. No significant changes in plasma free fatty acids were observed during the ride. However, a significant increase (P < 0.05) in free fatty acids was found at 15 and 30 min into recovery, with no difference between trials. Mean power output was significantly (P < 0.05) greater during the carbohydrate compared with the placebo trial (mean - S.E.: 277-3 and 269-3W, respectively). The greater distance covered in the carbohydrate compared with the placebo trial (41.5-1.06 and 41.0–1.06km, respectively; P < 0.05) was equivalent to a 44s improvement. We conclude that pre-exercise carbohydrate ingestion significantly increases endurance performance in trained cyclists during a 1h simulated time trial. Although the mechanism for this enhancement in performance with carbohydrate ingestion cannot be surmised from the present results, it could be related to a higher rate of carbohydrate oxidation, or to favourable effects of carbohydrate ingestion on the central component of fatigue. 相似文献
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Roy J. Shephard 《Journal of sports sciences》2013,31(7):603-620
The biology and medicine of rowing are briefly reviewed. Effort in a 2000 -m race is about 70% aerobic. Because the boat (and in some instances a cox) must be propelled, successful competitors are very tall, with a large lean mass and aerobic power. Large hearts may lead to erroneous diagnoses of a cardiomyopathy. Large respiratory minute volumes must be developed by chest muscles that are also involved in rowing. The vital capacity is typically large, and breathing becomes entrained. Expiration cannot be slowed relative to inspiration (as normally occurs at high rates of ventilation) and the limiting flow velocity may be reached, with the potential for airway collapse. Performance is strongly related to the power output at the ‘anaerobic threshold’, and lactate measures provide a guide to an appropriate intensity of endurance training. Peak blood lactate levels are higher in males (commonly 11–19 mmol·l -1 and occasionally as high as 25 mmol·l -1) than in females (9–11 mmol·l -1), probably because males have a greater muscle mass in relation to blood volume. The skeletal muscles are predominantly slow twitch in type, developing an unusual force and power at low contraction velocities. Many rowers have a suboptimal diet, eating excessive amounts of fat. Lightweight rowers also have problems of weight cycling. Aerobic power and muscle endurance often change by 10% over the season, but such fluctuations can be largely avoided by a well-designed winter training programme. Injuries include back and knee problems, tenosynovitis of the wrist and, since the introduction of large blades, fractures of the costae. 相似文献
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许良 《体育科技文献通报》2011,19(2):1-4
基于1985、1995和2005年全国学生体质调研数据,对各时期我国城乡学生形态、机能、体能发展水平进行系统地定量研究,动态分析20年全国城乡学生体质发展的特点与规律。主要研究结果：（1）近20年城乡学生生长发育持续提前,城市学生各项形态指标生长水平高于乡村,身高城乡差距缩小,体重、胸围城乡差距加大;（2）城市学生肺活量水平高于乡村,城乡学生肺活量20年持续下降,前10年乡村学生下降快、后10年城市学生下降快;（3）乡村学生800m、1000m跑水平高于城市,城市女生50m跑、仰卧起坐水平高于乡村,其他素质城乡学生水平波动较大;（4）城市女生50m跑20年持续下降,城乡学生800m和1000m跑、城市学生50m×8往返跑20年加速下降,其他素质20年间有增有降发展极不平稳。 相似文献
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采用测量、问卷调查、数理统计等方法,分析定向运动学习前后对大学生身心健康的影响.结果经T检验和x2检验且表明：定向运动不仅能增强学生体质健康水平,而且有助于学生的情绪调节,增强自信心与创新意识,培养勇敢顽强的意志品质,建立良好的人际关系,能有效地促进学生身心健康发展.为了全面提高大学生整体素质,积极实践,构建定向运动课内外一体化教学模式,进行定向运动课程模块化教学,以满足学生的多元化需求. 相似文献
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Alan M. Nevill Roger L. Holder Andrew Bardsley Helen Calvert Stephen Jones 《Journal of sports sciences》2013,31(4):437-443
A regression analysis of competitors' tournament results in relation to their world rankings was proposed to identify the effect of home advantage in international ‘grand-slam’ tennis and ‘major’ golf tournaments. The results provided little evidence of home advantage in either the grand-slam tennis or the golf tournaments held in 1993. The only possible evidence of home advantage was found in the Wimbledon tennis and the US Open golf championships. Even these findings can be explained, at least partially, by (1) the availability of information concerning the low world rankings of the British tennis players competing at Wimbledon, and (2) selective entry, allowing only the world's top-ranked foreign golfers into the US open golf tournament. In both cases, the lower ranking home competitors have a greater opportunity to perform above their anticipated world rankings. Therefore, provided entry into tennis and golf tournaments is truly ‘open’ to both the host nation's representatives and foreign competitors alike, home advantage does not appear to be a major factor influencing the competitors' performance in such competitions. These findings may be explained by the relatively objective nature of the scoring systems used in tennis and golf, unlike the subjective influence of refereeing decisions on the results of team-games such as soccer. 相似文献
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曲爱宁 《体育科技文献通报》2007,15(8):97-98
柔韧素质是健美操专业学生的专项素质之一,通过对普通高校健美操专业学生分组对照进行柔韧性训练的实验研究,认为对训练肌群辅以按摩器振颤刺激,可大大提高柔韧性训练效果。 相似文献
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我国城市体育自然环境建设与发展的研究 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
采用实地调查研究、理性思维研究和文献资料调研等方法对主要问题进行了专门研究，提出了进行城市体育场所区域生态功能区划、设计体育生态功能区布局的方案、做好体育场所绿色环境系统规划、制定体育场所生态与绿地管理措施等基本观点，提出了若干城市体育自然环境建设与发展的对策。 相似文献
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重新认识体育的社会关联 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
体育与政治之间存在一个悖论，体育的发展与经济实力之间没有直线相关，体育与教育部分重叠，体育与宗教最为近缘，体育可借用科学手段，体育的艺术禀性日益明显，体育与养生反映着两种人生观。 相似文献