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在利用主要国家专利机构的专利数据对电动汽车技术发展水平和趋势进行分析的基础上,引入跨国专利(transnational patents)概念,以避免在利用专利数据进行国际技术比较中"本土优势"的影响,客观评价主要国家电动汽车相对技术水平。构建跨国专利比例指标,对主要国家电动汽车技术的国际化程度进行比较研究,并引入专利比较优势指数分析主要国家电动汽车技术的比较优势。统计结果表明,中国电动汽车技术发展迅速,但是与日本、美国等国家依然存在较大差距,主要表现在国际专利申请数量少、专利国际化程度低等方面;中国在电池及电池控制技术领域存在比较优势,而电机及电机控制技术存在明显的比较劣势,中国需要进一步加强电机技术的研发以推动电动汽车产业的整体平衡发展。 相似文献
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【目的/意义】为大数据环境下情报学的研究提供方法、技术和应用过程的参考。【方法/过程】应用特征分析法、文献分析法和系统开发方法,对大数据环境下情报学方法与技术体系进行了特点、方法和应用过程的研究。分析了大数据环境下情报学研究发生的演变,根据这些变化,指出了大数据环境下情报学的研究思路,从文献分析、Web数据分析和综合分析三类梳理了情报学研究的方法与技术,并分别给出了这些方法和技术的应用过程。【结果/结论】通过方法与技术的梳理发现,大数据环境下情报学的研究是以数据为中心的、多种技术综合应用的科学研究过程。 相似文献
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Industrial districts as local networks of small and medium enterprises (SMEs) rooted their competitiveness in a mix of economic relationships and social ties. Recently, network technologies have promised gains of efficiency through a reduction in transaction costs and showed new commercial opportunities for small firms. Despite the morphological similarities between industrial districts and network technologies, a longitudinal analysis of ICT diffusion within Italian districts shows that the foreseen convergence between the district economic model and new technologies should not be taken for granted. The observed specific evolutionary paths concerning technology innovation in local systems also opens-up issues of economic policy. 相似文献
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数据挖掘技术与用户知识获取 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
1 数据挖掘技术概述随着信息技术的迅速发展 ,数据库的规模不断扩大 ,从而产生了大量的数据。为给决策者提供一个统一的全局视角 ,在许多领域建立了数据仓库。但大量的数据往往使人们无法辨别隐藏在其中的能对决策提供支持的信息 ,而传统的查询、报表工具无法满足挖掘这些信息的需求。因此 ,需要一种新的数据分析技术处理大量数据 ,并从中抽取有价值的潜在知识 ,数据挖掘 (ＤａｔａＭｉｎｉｎｇ)技术由此应运而生。数据挖掘技术也正是伴随着数据仓库技术的发展而逐步完善起来的。数据挖掘是指从数据集合中自动抽取隐藏在数据中的那些有用信… 相似文献
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以医用口罩产业相关专利时空分布信息为基础,构建对医用口罩产业技术发展的分析模型,选取医用口罩产业相关专利的主要分布区域,如中、美、日三国,基于专利数据对三个国家的医用口罩产业发展技术状况进行了对比分析.时间维度分析表明,医用口罩产业链中,技术含量较高的部分,美国和日本的技术较为成熟,而中国的技术处于快速发展中;技术含量... 相似文献
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针对目前缺乏立足于技术体系研究我国民机制造技术预见和发展的问题,以我国民用飞机总装制造中心S公司为研究对象,采用文献计量法,选取中国知网数据库中相关文献数据,运用CiteSpace软件进行文献关键词共现、聚类分析,将民机制造技术划分为应用基础研究、关键共性技术、前沿颠覆性技术3类包括8个知识子群,建立民机制造技术体系,... 相似文献
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在农村劳动力转移的趋势下,黄土高原农户在时间禀赋恒定条件下的劳动力配置逐渐成为采用水土保持技术的关键因素,探究二者关系对于提高技术采用率、减少水土流失、改善生态环境具有重要意义。本文利用黄土高原区1197份农户的调查数据,使用Probit模型,主要考察了农户劳动力外出务工行为及时间长短对水土保持技术采用的影响,进一步运用逐步检验法,检验了农户参与集体行动对外出务工影响水土保持技术采用的中介效应。研究结果表明：①总体上,劳动力外出务工会促进其水土保持技术的采用。但异质性分析表明,随着劳动力外出务工时间延长,农户对农业收入依赖性降低,削弱了农户水土保持技术的采取。②农户参与村集体行动是劳动力转移影响农户水土保持技术采用行为的渠道之一,具有部分中介效应,证实了集体行动模式在水土保持技术应用推广中的价值。此外,农业经营决策者的受教育程度、务农年限与农户家庭的邻里互助、技术改善认知以及政府的技术推广活动均对农户的水土保持技术采用行为具有显著的正向影响。本文不仅提供了劳动力转移趋势下水土保持技术扩散的研究证据,对健全村集体行动以促进技术采用也具备一定的经验价值。 相似文献
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构建了一套包括数据采集、数据清理、分析方法、分析工具、分析指标的专利发展分析系统,可在数据完整准确的基础上,利用合适的方法和工具对地区专利的发展趋势做出总结和预测。使用该分析系统对广州市天河区2007-2011年专利数据进行实证分析,得到关于该区专利申请与授权趋势、职务与非职务专利申请状况、发明专利维持情况、发明专利受让情况、发明专利优势技术领域、发明专利申请人活跃程度、高价值专利及其分布领域等描述。实证分析结果表明,使用该分析系统得出的结论清晰、符合地区技术发展情况,可作为管理机构制定和实施科技政策的科学依据。 相似文献
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《Information processing & management》2020,57(6):102358
This paper will describe Transformative Computing technologies as a new area of modern information sciences, which plays crucial role in development future IT technologies. Transformative computing allow to join communication technologies, and data processing techniques with advanced AI solutions, which allow to analytically process and manage acquired data. It enhances possibilities of efficient data analysis, and thanks to the application of AI, opens a new areas of data exploration towards planning, decision supporting, and advanced secure information management in distributed systems. In this paper we'll focus on new possible areas of transformative computing applications, especially for semantic information processing, as well as cognitive data reasoning. 相似文献
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In this paper we discuss the social and ethical issues that arise as a result of digitization based on six dominant technologies: Internet of Things, robotics, biometrics, persuasive technology, virtual & augmented reality, and digital platforms. We highlight the many developments in the digitizing society that appear to be at odds with six recurring themes revealing from our analysis of the scientific literature on the dominant technologies: privacy, autonomy, security, human dignity, justice, and balance of power. This study shows that the new wave of digitization is putting pressure on these public values. In order to effectively shape the digital society in a socially and ethically responsible way, stakeholders need to have a clear understanding of what such issues might be. Supervision has been developed the most in the areas of privacy and data protection. For other ethical issues concerning digitization such as discrimination, autonomy, human dignity and unequal balance of power, the supervision is not as well organized. 相似文献
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[目的/意义]技术集群因对属性相同的技术集聚进行研究,能够识别新技术,发现技术发展规律,提前感知市场技术变化,引起学者和企业管理者越来越高的关注。[方法/过程]以文本挖掘和复杂网络技术方法对专利文本数据进行分析,进而构建动态专利有向网络,并从网络中基于Python程序提取巨片,通过巨片拓扑性质分析核心技术集群的演化历程。[结果/结论]以美国电商数据处理技术为例的实证研究表明:通过构建动态有向网络,并从网络中提取巨片分析技术演化,能够有效的识别出美国电商数据处理技术中"数据设备技术、数据信息技术、数据系统技术、数据应用技术和数据融合技术"5个核心技术集群,并进一步发现核心技术集群之间很好的更新替换机制。实证研究证明了基于动态专利有向网络的核心技术集群演化分析方法的有效性。 相似文献
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Most work in the design of learning technology uses click-streams as their primary data source for modelling & predicting learning behaviour. In this paper we set out to quantify what, if any, advantages do physiological sensing techniques provide for the design of learning technologies. We conducted a lab study with 251 game sessions and 17 users focusing on skill development (i.e., user's ability to master complex tasks). We collected click-stream data, as well as eye-tracking, electroencephalography (EEG), video, and wristband data during the experiment. Our analysis shows that traditional click-stream models achieve 39% error rate in predicting learning performance (and 18% when we perform feature selection), while for fused multimodal the error drops up to 6%. Our work highlights the limitations of standalone click-stream models, and quantifies the expected benefits of using a variety of multimodal data coming from physiological sensing. Our findings help shape the future of learning technology research by pointing out the substantial benefits of physiological sensing. 相似文献
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《The Journal of High Technology Management Research》2004,15(1):37-50
Patent documents are an ample source of technical and commercial knowledge and, thus, patent analysis has long been considered a useful vehicle for R&D management and technoeconomic analysis. In terms of techniques for patent analysis, citation analysis has been the most frequently adopted tool. In this research, we note that citation analysis is subject to some crucial drawbacks and propose a network-based analysis, an alternative method for citation analysis. By using an illustrative data set, the overall process of developing patent network is described. Furthermore, such new indexes as technology centrality index, technology cycle index, and technology keyword clusters are suggested for in-depth quantitative analysis. Although network analysis shares some commonality with conventional citation analysis, its relative advantage is substantial. It shows the overall relationship among patents as a visual network. In addition, the proposed method provides richer information and thus enables deeper analysis since it takes more diverse keywords into account and produces more meaningful indexes. These visuals and indexes can be used in analyzing up-to-date trends of high technologies and identifying promising avenues for new product development. 相似文献
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基于专利分析方法和技术轨迹理论,以人工智能产业组织为研究对象,采用定性分析的方式,从人工智能核心技术、专利引用网络和专业商业化三个维度,对我国人工智能产业技术创新路径进行了识别和对比分析。通过对比我国与发达国家的人工智能产业技术创新路径,分析了我国人工智能产业目前的发展阶段和瓶颈。数据分析表明,我国人工智能产业尽管发展迅速,但相比发达国家,仍然处于知识引入到知识输出转型阶段。进而推出结论：我国人工智能产业处于基础型研究向应用型模式转变阶段,需要深入加强自主技术创新。 相似文献
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Information and Communication Technology Challenges to Scientific Professional Identity 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Increasingly, information and communication technology (ICT) uses are transforming professional activities and interactions in ways that challenge traditional assumptions about professional identity. In this article, we consider the ways in which the professional identities of research scientists in oceanography and marine biology are shaped by the use of ICTs. We draw empirical data from an ongoing study of scientific research collaborations that examines uses of basic communication technologies, as well as scientific technologies with embedded ICT components. Our analysis suggests that development and use of ICT-enabled scientific technologies are identity enhancing for many scientists, facilitating their development of unique areas of scientific knowledge. ICT-related changes in data collection, collaborative coordination, and scientific interaction also challenge traditional definitions of expertise and professional identity. An examination of these challenges directs attention to the project identities that form around ICT-enabled scientific technologies and the ways that those project identities are enacted through ICTs. 相似文献
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Medina-Doménech RM Menéndez-Navarro A 《Public understanding of science (Bristol, England)》2005,14(4):393-408
NO-DO, the Spanish official newsreel produced by Franco's dictatorship (1939-1975), held a 30-year monopoly over audio-visual information in Spain from 1943 to 1975. This paper reports on an analysis of coverage of medical technologies by the Spanish Cinematic Newsreel Service, NO-DO, from 1943 to 1970. The study focuses on the changing roles played by cultural representations of medical technologies deployed in NO-DO. Our analysis shows how these representations offered a new space for the legitimization of the regime, and, more importantly, played a key role in the attempts to construct and enforce a hegemonic national identity after the Spanish Civil War (1936-1939). During the period of isolationist autocracy that ended in the mid-1950s, the images of medical technologies reinforced the idea of a self-sufficient "national space" and deepened the break with the historical past. Once the international isolation of the regime was overcome in the late 1950s and the 1960s, the representation of medical technologies contributed to establishing a Spanish national identity that mirrored the outside world, the foreign space. Finally, gender representations in NO-DO are also explored. 相似文献