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1.
针对班轮航线配船问题, 根据班轮多港口挂靠和货物直达运输航线形式的特征,基于航运业低碳环保要求, 综合考虑船队的经济效益和环保效益,以研究期内船队利润最大和碳排放量最小为目标,建立经济、环保双目标班轮航线配船优化模型.根据模型特点,提出一种改进的带权理想点法,通过构造带权评价函数,将双目标规划问题转化为单目标规划问题,得到模型的最优解.以某航运公司的班轮船队为例进行分析,结果证明:该模型具有可行性,该优化求解方法具有实用性.  相似文献   

2.
集装箱班轮服务网络优化和货运路径设计   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
为提高班轮公司的资源优化能力,解决航线选择、重箱运输路径、空箱调运路径、多类型船舶配置以及船速设定等问题,根据实际班轮运输组织方式的特征,构建多港挂靠和轴辐式混合网络,建立以运营总成本最小为目标的非线性混合整数规划模型。采用大M法把这个非线性模型转换成线性模型后通过CPLEX进行求解,并用中远集运在亚洲—大洋洲—欧洲区域的部分航线验证模型的有效性。通过灵敏度分析发现:港口装卸效率的提升对减少班轮公司运营成本效果显著;船舶的燃油成本与运营成本之间存在着相关性,故油价的持续上涨迫使班轮公司选择降速、配置更多的船舶来降低整体成本。  相似文献   

3.
为在航运低迷期使航运企业实现收益最大化,根据航运下行期运力过剩的现状,在现有航线配船模型的基础上,结合现阶段航运下行期的特点,建立混合整数规划模型.首先对集装箱班轮在多条航线上的班轮数量和航次设计构建整数规划模型,将航线配船问题的可行解用染色体形式表示,对航线配船和航次设计进行优化,然后通过MATLAB编程的遗传算法得到该问题的满意解.以某班轮公司为例,对模型和遗传算法的有效性进行验证.结果表明,该方法对于班轮公司根据航运下行期的特点设计合理的航线配船方案具有重要的参考意义.  相似文献   

4.
针对目前文献多将集装箱路径视为多商品网络流问题且没有考虑沿海运输权,以集装箱运输成本最小化为目标函数,在考虑沿海运输权的条件下构建一个集装箱路径的0-1整数规划模型.算例选择由亚洲、欧洲和大洋洲共计46个港口组成的班轮海运网络.算例分析发现,若各个沿海国家开放沿海运输权,船公司可将集装箱捎带至任意沿海港口进行中转,可降低航线网络3.5%至4.9%的运输总成本.该集装箱路径模型生成的集装箱箱流,可用于分析船公司航线舱位的利用率,调整航线网络.  相似文献   

5.
多种类型投资的船队规划模型   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
针对航运企业发展战略中的船队规划问题,在研究船队规划研究方法和变动的市场营运环境基础上,提出基于多种类型船舶投资的船队规划混合整数规划模型.该模型将船队短期调配使用与长期发展规划结合起来,以追求规划期内船队现金流量的折现值最大为目标,模拟和优化某个船队在规划期内的投资、买卖、更新以及使用情况.该模型既考虑订造新船、买卖二手船和租赁船舶等多种实际可能存在的复杂情况,又考虑船舶营运经济状态、运力配置、企业投资能力以及决策者对研究期后船队实物价值的重视程度等因素.以某航运公司为例进行的仿真试验表明,该模型能满足船队规划决策和船舶运行组织的实际需要,可适用于大宗货物定线运输或班轮干线运输的船队规划问题研究.  相似文献   

6.
为合理分配班轮公司的船舶资源,考虑航运市场上集装箱运输供需平衡因素,以规划周期内船队运营总成本最小为目标,建立航线配船的整数规划模型.使用Gurobi求解该模型.通过数值实验验证模型的可行性和有效性,并对集装箱运输需求进行敏感性分析.结果表明:航运市场上集装箱运输供需状况对班轮公司的运力配置结果有重要影响;由于班轮公司追求运输规模经济性,航运市场上存在的运力过剩与运力扩张的矛盾仍将持续.  相似文献   

7.
针对未来启运港退税政策扩围后的启运港选择问题,建立以运输成本、资金占用成本和中转成本最小为目标的混合整数规划模型,用启发式贪婪算法进行求解.实例分析表明:该模型在基于启运港退税的航线网络优化中有效,可为实际的启运港选择和集装箱运输线路选择提供理论参考.  相似文献   

8.
为改进近洋区域内集装箱班轮的航线优化问题,结合近洋环绕模式班轮干/支线运输特点,在满足区域内集装箱货运需求的前提下,以班轮公司收益最大化为目标,构建班轮挂靠干线枢纽港的航线优化模型.在求解旅行商问题(Traveling Salesman Problem,TSP)获得初始班轮航线的基础上,设计该优化模型的算法.算例分析表明,该模型和算法不仅简便易行,而且可显著提高班轮公司的航次总收益.  相似文献   

9.
在俄罗斯计划打造符拉迪沃斯托克集装箱枢纽港和中国“双碳”战略实施的背景下,以包含碳排放成本的总运营成本最低为目标,考虑支线港集疏运需求和燃油价格双重不确定性,建立混合鲁棒随机优化模型,改进遗传算法对模型进行求解,优化环渤海内支线航运网络,并对参数进行灵敏度分析。结果表明:在确定性模型中考虑碳排放成本可以助力航运碳减排,响应“双碳”战略实施;鲁棒优化得到的最低成本和碳排放量均高于确定条件下的值,与“双碳”战略的推进有一定矛盾,但可以在一定程度上规避市场波动带来的风险。随着“双碳”战略进一步实施,碳税税率可能发生变动,决策者进行航线规划时应将其考虑在内,权衡风险和成本,调节遗憾值取得兼顾经济效益和环境效益的航线规划结果。  相似文献   

10.
针对在全球绿色水运发展背景下的集装箱海运网络优化问题,引入碳税政策,综合考虑单路径碳排放约束、整个海运网络碳排放约束和不同地区碳税差异,以集装箱海运网络运输总成本最低为目标,构建集装箱海运网络优化模型。利用改进的遗传算法对模型进行求解。结果表明:集装箱海运网络的碳排放约束值与总运输成本呈负相关关系,碳税较低或不收取碳税的港口的中转箱量高于其他港口的中转箱量。在设计航线时,通常不会选择碳税较高的港口作为中转港。  相似文献   

11.
Since the late 1960s,culture has been considered tighter with communication.Culture IS based on the community of communication.Communication involves people and their environment.Thus culture is an important factor in communication.Today with modem economic and technological development,intercultural communication is mole important than ever before. When people from different cultural background communicate with each other,their social stereotype pattern of behavior, their habits of language and thought differ from one another,because these are the possible factors that affect intercultural communications.Culture norms also change,culture may be transferred as signs but we have to study and understand the above carefially.  相似文献   

12.
The article introduces Shakespeare's tragedy "Hamlet".Hamlet wants to revenge for his father.But when the opportunity is coming,he delays his revenge.The passage analyzes the causes of his delay from Hamlet's characters.  相似文献   

13.
The thesis mainly discusses the character of the heroine in Charlotte Brontes famous novel "Jane Eyre". There are three major parts-introduction,analysis which is the main body of the thesis,and conclusion.Jane Eyre,the heroine,is a new woman image who requires independence equality and freedom.The thesis just analyzes Janes these rebellious characters through four peroods of her experiences.First,in her childhood,she has shown her rebellious spirit.As an orphan,Jane suffers a lot of misery.Not only her aunt treats her cruelly,her cousins despise her,but also do servants have a prejudice against her.In Janes immature heart, she is unwilling to bear ill treatment.She rebels them bravely.Second,when she studies at Lowood,her rebellious spirit is exposed furtherly.Her view doest stay in Mrs Reeds,instead turns to the whole society.She makes hypocrisy of so-called charity to be discovered completely.At the same time,she declares her independent,equal rebellious thought to her friend-Helldn who endures oppression willingly.Third,she,as a governess in Thornfield Hall falls in love with Rochester-her master.During this period,her thought grows into maturity.Thought she loves him passionately,she never loses her dignity and independence for him.When she knows his mad wife still lives,she makes up her mind to leave him.For she doesnt want to become his mistress.Fourth,her refusal of St Johns proposal of marriage depicts Janes character.She knows John does not love her at all and his purpose of marriage is only to perform his great task missionary.Jane does want to become a sacrifice.She breaks traditional morality,then she goes back to Rochester.  相似文献   

14.
The context of a word consists of the other words surrounding it and the situation in which it is used.When we come across a new word in our reading,instead of looking it up in a dictionary for its definition,we can guess its meaning from its context.  相似文献   

15.
当代中国武术经历了时代的沧桑和变迁,在历经了文化和历史的发展与洗礼之后,依然发展、繁衍至今。在这样一个漫长的过程中,伴随着以社会环境和社会人群价值取向为主的变迁与变化,当代中国武术的发展与当代社会的发展正逐渐的呈现出某些相背离和不和谐的表象。通过研究,我们发觉中国武术中原本一些内在的东西正在不断的被遗忘,正在不断的流逝。本文试从中国武术在当代发展中的问题境域入手,解读中国武术在当今世界和社会中存在的一些问题,希望能够从中找到中国武术发展的"合法性"或"合时性"的内在依据,以挺立中国武术的脊梁。  相似文献   

16.
Introduction Whatisculture?Toputitsimply,culturemeansthe totalwayoflifeofaperson.Thissimpledefinitionimplies thatculturereferstothepattersofcustoms,traditions,socialhabits,values,beliefsandlanguageofasociety.As cultureissoinclusive,itincludesvirtuallyeverythingthat agroupofpeoplethink,say,doandmake.Followingthedefinitionofsociologists,theterm culturereferstothetotalpatternofbeliefs,customs,institutions,objects,andcharacterizesthelifeofhuman community.“Cultureconsistsofallthesharedproductsof …  相似文献   

17.
"Midnight"is a poem written by Archibald·Lampman,a Canadian poet,who loved nature very much,but his poor health prevents him from being very active in the outdoor life.So he is often the quite,thoughtful observer of nature in his poems.This article mainly talks about how to appreciate the poem in the following aspects:word selecting,rhyme,sentence structure and atmosphere.After reading this poem,we cannot get rid of the air of horror and mystery."Midnight" reveals another aspect of the nature:wild,rough and unknown.There is something else in the nature that can awe human beings even though we don't know what it is.  相似文献   

18.
Chapter Ⅰ Introduction Sitting in the rocking chair,Carrie dreams her future.This is the deep impression the novel"Sister Carrie"gives us,which is written by Theodore Dreiser(1871-1945),the great American realism writer.  相似文献   

19.
运用临场观察统计法、访谈法、文献资料法以及归纳法等研究方法,对现阶段国内青少年足球守门员防守技术运用情况进行统计与分析研究.结果表明:判断反应与选位能力不足是青少年守门员防守技术失误的主要原因,预判失误与技术粗糙以及缺乏自信等导致青少年守门员对抗条件下难以有效发挥位置优势,强干扰情况时出击争夺球失误多,重视反应训练和提高接球动作质量要求是提高青少年守门员技术水平的重中之重.  相似文献   

20.
提高体校学生的语素质的主要途径是课堂教学。体校语教师在教学过程中必须根据学生身心特点.设置合理的结构模式,以便顺利实现教学目标。  相似文献   

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