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论研究生导师的有效指导 总被引：6，自引：2，他引：4
杨春梅 《学位与研究生教育》2009,(12):10-14
指出研究生教育质量的提升,在一定程度上取决于研究生导师指导的有效性.认为研究生导师的有效指导意味着把研究生带到知识前沿、形成研究问题、指导方法和规范、引导批判和创新;研究生导师指导的有效性反映在指导的适时、适度和适当等三个方面.提出研究生导师的有效指导应注意提高导师素质,建立和谐互动的师生关系. 相似文献
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目前研究生导师队伍存在的导师遴选制度不够完善、导师指导水平参差不齐和导师责权利不明确等方面的问题。针对存在着的问题,结合中国矿业大学研究生培养机制改革实践,从严格导师遴选标准、强化导师培训和团队指导、明确导师责权这三个方面探索了研究生培养机制改革背景下的研究生导师队伍建设。 相似文献
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研究生导师是研究生培养中的第一责任人,提升研究生培养质量的关键在于推进导师专业发展。研究生导师专业发展的素质标准是研究生导师专业发展的目标与方向。当前我国研究生导师专业发展素质标准包括导师入职标准和导师入职后的发展标准。科研水平是导师入职的主要标准,包括导师学历/学位、职称、科研经验、科研项目与经费等节点,是导师专业发展的前提条件;指导能力是导师入职后发展的主要标准,包括导师指导研究生的岗位职责、指导经验、课程与教学能力等节点,是导师专业发展素质的核心维度;师德修养是导师专业发展素质的基本要求,包括导师政治素质、职业道德、为人师表等节点;导师自我角色认知与管理能力是导师专业发展的基本维度,包括导师不断提升自己思想和业务素质、研究研究生教育等节点。推进我国研究生导师专业发展,不仅需要学校层面的导师专业发展机制,更需要导师自主、自觉地反思自己的指导实践。 相似文献
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通过对现有导师指导模式的深入研究,究其利弊,着重探究研究生导师团队指导模式与研究生导师团队奖惩机制两个方面,并以协同创新中心为载体,提出基于协同创新中心的研究生导师团队的组建与奖惩机制研究,给出基于协同创新中心的研究生导师团队组建的具体方案与研究生导师团队奖惩机制的具体实施办法,以此补充完善现有研究生导师团队指导模式的不足、弥补研究生导师团队奖惩机制的缺陷。 相似文献
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研究生导师在研究生德育工作中具有专业指导、道德示范、思想引领、人生领航的重要作用,可是现阶段研究生导师在研究生德育工作中存在制度不健全、工作认识不足、在党支部中作用发挥不充分及师生关系异化等问题。为解决导师在德育工作中的问题,本文讨论了研究生导师在研究生德育工作中的作用。 相似文献
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王博 《潍坊教育学院学报》2023,(6):31-39
创新能力是研究生教育质量评价的一个关键指标,而导师指导风格对研究生创新能力的提升具有不可替代的影响。基于320份研究生的问卷调查数据,结合自我决定理论,利用相关性分析和层次回归分析方法,探索民主型导师指导风格、权威型导师指导风格在研究生创新能力发展中的作用,以及个人成长主动性对导师指导风格和研究生创新能力的调节作用。研究发现：民主型导师指导风格和权威型导师指导风格均对研究生创新能力产生积极影响,个人成长主动性在民主型导师指导风格对研究生创新能力中起正向调节作用,在权威型导师指导风格对研究生创新能力中起负向调节作用。在此基础上,从研究生培养单位、导师、研究生三个层面提出了相关建议。 相似文献
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中国大陆的导师兼有学术指导、生活导师双重角色。导师与培养单位之间属于聘用关系。研究生与培养单位属于"契约式教育"关系。导师受高等学校和科研院所的委托,为研究生提供教育服务。公办高校以及科研机构的研究生管理部门代为学校行使研究生管理职责。导师与研究生属于"契约式教育服务"关系。导师与研究生之间的"契约"是一种默认的契约,在所在学校的安排下,导师按要求完成指导任务,研究生听从导师的学术指导。双方成为合作伙伴,既要在心理上"一致同意",也必须体现公平正义,双方不能侵犯对方的权利。研究生有权拒绝导师摊派正常学术研究之外的任务。 相似文献
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科学研究是研究生培养的重要手段之一。美国大学成功地运用科研训练培育了一大批高素质人才,强大的政府资金支持、严格的指导监督、训练途径的多样化等形成了美国大学研究生科研训练的特色。 相似文献
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郑斯宁 《学位与研究生教育》2014,(9):9-11
概述了多年指导研究生的几点体会,包括：导师在科学舞台的使命与责任,导师的学术平台对研究生培养的重要性,讨论班是培养研究生的有效形式,导师的角色是指导不是指挥,导师对学术团队DNA的影响等。 相似文献
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《British journal of educational technology : journal of the Council for Educational Technology》2018,49(3):385-397
The aim of this study is to compare the role of the tutor in an online and a face‐to‐face problem‐based learning (PBL) session to shed light on potential differences of the tutor role in both settings. In this practice‐based study we compared the two groups with the same tutor undertaking the same module. Students completed questionnaires about tutor performance, student characteristics and the module. Marks on the end‐of‐module test were analysed. The tutor was interviewed about his expectations and experiences. One session of each group was recorded and analysed qualitatively. Results show tutor tasks appeared to be comparable in both settings with regard to “content and pedagogical content knowledge,” “group dynamics,” “process instruction” and “intermediary between faculty and students.” The face‐to‐face group rated tutor performance lower than the online students. Students and tutor identified the absence of nonverbal cues as a limitation of online PBL. In online sessions the tutor additionally provided technical support and moderated the chat box. It is recommended to involve an extra person in online sessions who is responsible for technical issues. This person could also check the chat box for messages of students. Future research should focus on the necessity of an extra tutor training for online sessions. 相似文献
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马来西亚开放大学（OUM）90％以上的学生为在职人员。这些成年学生离开学校至少已经5年,而且大多数人的数学基础不好。因此,仅是在线学习加少量面授辅导的教学模式对他们来说还不能完全解决学习困难。学校试用了“课前指导工作室”与“补充指导”的教学方法,探讨了这一方法对学员的在线参与程度及考试结果的影响,运用源于探究团体模式的34项量表对在线论坛的内容进行了分析,结果表明,学员参加工作室与否同他们的期末考试成绩有很大关系。参加指导老师工作室及补充指导的学员与那些参加指导老师常规指导的学员相比,前者的在线参与程度及期末考试的平均分都存在着很大的差异。两组学员的数学探究团体模式平均分表明,两组学员在教学存在和认知存在方面有差异,但在社会存在方面基本相同。 相似文献
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This paper discusses how a group leader computer tutor may aid students in learning collaborative skills in a co-operative learning environment. However, students need to learn collaborative skills and practice using them. The group leader computer tutor discussed in this paper is designed on the principles of co-operative learning, intelligent tutoring systems and computer-supported collaborative work within an intelligent collaborative learning system (ICLS). The group leader aims to facilitate group work on the task level and to teach students how to use collaborative skills in the discussion level as students work on networked computers in the Jigsaw method of co-operative learning. The ICLS and its group leader were used by two classes at a liberal arts university. Qualitative research shows that the students' co-operative attitudes changed and academic achievement improved from pre- to post-treatment. Students, especially, used the communication skill of openness in comment type discussions. The students enjoyed working collaboratively through the ICLS and their teachers thought that the experience was valuable for them. 相似文献
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《The Journal of educational research》2012,105(4):278-289
ABSTRACTThe authors investigated the effects of a 5-week note-taking skills instructional program on note-taking and reading comprehension performance of elementary students. The participants included 349 fourth-grade students from 2 elementary schools in Taiwan. The Note-Taking Instruction group received approximately 40 min of note-taking skills instruction per week for 5 weeks in contrast to the free note-taking group and the free-recall writing group who did not receive any instruction. A note-taking evaluation task and a comprehension test were used to evaluate the effectiveness of the instruction on students’ performance in note taking and reading comprehension, respectively. The study yielded 2 findings: first, teaching students a note-taking strategy significantly improved their performance in note taking and reading comprehension, and second, poor readers showed the greatest gains in note-taking skills with instruction. 相似文献
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Linda H. Mason Richard M. Kubina Jr. Douglas E. Kostewicz Anne Mong Cramer Shawn Datchuk 《Contemporary educational psychology》2013
Writing performanceperformance of 279 seventh- and eighth-grade students in four urban charter schools was evaluated in comparison group pretest/posttest quasi-experimental study. Thirty-three students, identified by cut scores on a standardized fluency measure, received supplemental one-to-one Self-Regulated Strategy Development (SRSD) instruction for persuasive quick writing. Fifty-one students with scores below the cut participated as an eligible non-treatment comparison; 195 students with scores above the cut participated as a non-eligible comparison group. All students’ written responses were evaluated before and after the intervention. Results of repeated measures analysis indicated that students in treatment (additional instruction time + SRSD + planned practice-testing) significantly improved quick writing performance after instruction when compared to pretest performance, and when compared to eligible comparison, with large effect sizes for number of persuasive elements and organizational quality and medium effects for persuasive quality. When compared to non-eligible comparison, students in treatment had significantly higher scores for organizational quality (large effects) and persuasive quality (small effects). 相似文献
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An Investigation of Effectiveness of Conceptual Change Text-oriented Instruction on Students' Understanding of Solution Concepts 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Tacettin PinarbaŞi; NurtaÇ Canpolat Samih BayrakÇeken Ömer Geban 《Research in Science Education》2006,36(4):313-335
This study investigated the effect of conceptual change text-oriented instruction over traditional instruction on students' understanding of solution concepts (e.g., dissolving, solubility, factors affecting solubility, concentrations of solutions, types of solutions, physical properties of solutions) and their attitudes towards chemistry. The sample of this study consisted of 87 undergraduate students from two classes enrolled in an introductory chemistry course. One of the classes was assigned randomly to the control group, and the other class were assigned randomly to the experimental group. During teaching the topic of solution concepts in the chemistry curriculum, a conceptual change text-oriented instruction was applied in the experimental group whereas traditional instruction was followed in the control group. The results showed that the students in the experimental group performed better with respect to solution concepts. In addition, it has been found that there was no significant difference between the attitudes of students in the experimental and control groups towards chemistry. 相似文献
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博物馆学课程教学兼有理论教学与实践教学两方面内容,结合理论教学建立课堂实践、课外实践、校外实践相结合的课程实践教学体系,以丰富学生对博物馆工作的认识和体验。在课程实践教学中采用项目教学法,将教学内容设计成一项具体的、具有实际应用价值的项目任务,由学生自主完成,从而提高学生思考和解决问题的能力。通过课程实践教学,学生在实践中自主学习,以实践性的课程考核代替传统的试卷考核,在实践中检验学习成果,使学生在校学习期间能够较好地掌握从事博物馆工作的基本技能,实现高校博物馆学专业人才培养目标。 相似文献
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Mine Isiksal Petek Askar 《Educational research; a review for teachers and all concerned with progress in education》2013,55(3):333-350
Background Since the early 1980s, there has been a growing interest in the potentiality of computers as facilitators of students' learning. The importance of using technology effectively as a learning tool has been emphasized by many researchers. However, finding good software that encourages pupils to explore and express mathematical ideas is becoming a crucial issue. Purpose This paper investigates the effect of spreadsheet and dynamic geometry software on the mathematics achievement and mathematics self-efficacy of 7th-grade students. The study further examines the gender differences with respect to computer self-efficacy, mathematics self-efficacy and mathematics achievement. The relationship among these three constructs is also investigated. Sample The study consisted of 64 7th-grade students from three different classes including all the 7th- graders in a school, which is located in an upper-middle-class area in Ankara, Turkey. Study participants were aged from 12 to 13. In total, the number of female and male students was equal. In this study, purposive sampling was used since the school where the study took place was well equipped in terms of computer laboratories and technological devices. Design and methods The evaluation used an experimental design where two software programs, Excel and Autograph, were used in experimental groups separately, and a control group took traditional-based instruction without using any technological tools such as a computer or calculator. The study was carried out during the spring semester of the 2001/02 academic year, where three instructional methods of study: Autograph-based instruction, spreadsheet-based instruction and traditionally based instruction, were randomly assigned to the three classes. The Mathematics achievement test was used to assess the students' performance on mathematics. In order to determine the self-efficacy expectation of the students with respect to mathematics and computers, a Mathematics self-efficacy scale and Computer self-efficacy scale were developed respectively. Analysis of covariance, bivariate correlations and t-test were used to analyse outcome data. Results Results revealed that the Autograph group and Traditional group had significantly greater mean scores than the Excel group with respect to mathematics achievement. The Autograph group had significantly greater mean scores than the Traditional group, while no significant mean difference was found between the Autograph and Excel groups and between the Excel and Traditional groups with respect to mathematics self-efficacy. No significant mean difference was found between boys and girls with respect to mathematics achievement and mathematics self-efficacy. On the other hand, boys had significantly greater mean scores than girls with respect to computer self-efficacy. In addition, significant correlations were found among efficacy scores and achievement. Conclusions The evidence suggests that students showed great enthusiasm for Autograph. Students in the Autograph group had the highest scores compared to other groups regarding mathematics achievement and mathematics self-efficacy. In addition, boys reported significantly higher scores with respect to computer self-efficacy where, during the Autograph-based instruction and spreadsheet-based instruction, boys were more willing to solve activities using computers compared to girls. On the other hand, treatments seemed not to have any effect on gender regarding mathematics self-efficacy and mathematics achievement. 相似文献
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目的:探讨支架式教学方法在《医学免疫学》教学中的应用。方法:选取我校2018级6个五年制医学本科班共248人作为研究对象。随机分为观察组和对照组。对照组(3个班,125人)采用传统教学法,即教师根据教学大纲利用多媒体课件逐章系统地讲授基本知识。观察组(3个班,123人)采用支架式教学法。采用闭卷考试的方法比较教学效果,采用问卷调查的方法评价学生对支架式教学方法的认可度。结果:问卷调查结果显示大多数同学能够接受并希望今后继续采用支架式教学方法;90%以上的同学认为支架式教学有利于自学能力的培养,80%以上的同学认为支架式教学能够激发学生的学习兴趣,调动学习积极性,增加师生互动交流,活跃课堂气氛;70%以上的同学认为有利于团队精神的培养和减少学习挫折感。闭卷考试结果显示,观察组和对照组在简答题、综合分析题及考试总成绩比较,差异有统计学意义(p<0.05)。结论:支架式教学方法能够激发学生的学习兴趣,调动学习积极性,有利于培养学生自学能力和团结协作精神,提高学生综合分析水平,从而提升学生的综合素质。 相似文献