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1.
利用低压氧舱模拟高原训练,测定在相同运动强度下(800米竭力跑)运动员在不同环境中血乳酸、血氨水平的变化,证明: 低压氧舱训练可提高负荷对身体的刺激强度,加速提高人体机能能力,体内的乳酸、血氨水平明显高于正常训练.结论: 低压氧舱训练有助于提高运动员无氧代谢的能力.  相似文献   

2.
运动与氨代谢关系的研究进展   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
运动中机体氨代谢增强。氨的主要来源：短时间高强度运动为骨骼肌的嘌呤核苷酸循环，长时间力竭性运动主要与骨骼肌大量摄取支链氨基酸有关。运动强度递增及长时间力竭运动，骨骼肌产氨增多。短时间力竭运动血氨与血乳酸的浓度呈正相关。运动性疲劳的产生亦与运动后高血氨水平密切相关。因此，血氨可以用作评定运动负荷的强度和量度、运动员机体的机能状态、疲劳程度及运动训练程度的有效指标。  相似文献   

3.
6名短跑及8名中跑运动员分别完成300m冲刺跑及2×800m最大速度跑,于运动前5min、完成后即刻、完成后4min直至22min(间隔时间3min)分别采血测定血氨及血乳酸含量。结果显示,300m冲刺跑及2×800m中距离重复跑均可导致机体血氨水平显著增高,血氨水平与运动强度具有正相依存关系,血氨峰值出现的时间以运动后4-7min为多,均滞后于血乳酸峰值。血氨可以作为监测运动强度的敏感指标,并与血乳酸具有显著的相关关系。受试者血氨水平的增高与其机体机能状态及疲劳程度密切相关。  相似文献   

4.
研究优秀武术运动员无氧运动强度时肌电信号特征及其与血乳酸指标之间的相关性。研究对象为12名一级武术运动员和12名二级武术运动员。研究方法:肌电指标测试:两组受试对象负重体重的7.5%,在功率自行车上持续运动60s后记录运动中和运动后30s内肌电指标MPF、MF和IEMG;血乳酸测试:采集运动中(20s一次)和运动后3min内的血乳酸浓度。结论:两组受试对象的MPF和MF均呈线性下降,但是对照组下降的斜率始终大于试验组,表明对照组比试验组更容易疲劳;IEMG呈线性上升,随着时间的延长,斜率加大,并且试验组斜率始终大于对照组,表明实验组肌纤维的募集能力要强于对照组;各肌电图指标与血乳酸之间存在着高度的负相关,但是血乳酸的积累并不是引起肌电图指标变化的直接原因。  相似文献   

5.
目的:观察间歇性低氧训练对跆拳道运动员血氨、血乳酸及血气水平的影响.方法:20名16～18岁3～6段男性跆拳道运动员随机分为试验组及对照组,每组10人.试验组接受间歇性低氧训练;对照组除间歇性低氧暴露干预外,其余训练内容与实验组相同.4周训练后两组受试者进行大强度3min踢腿运动,观察血氨、血乳酸及血气指标的变化.结果:3min踢腿运动后实验组血氨、血乳酸水平较对照组显著升高;血PaC02及HCO3-值较对照组显著下降.结论:4周间歇性低氧训练可以改善青少年跆拳道运动员的磷酸原及糖酵解供能能力.  相似文献   

6.
武术散手运动员赛后血乳酸、血尿素氮、心率等的变化   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  
采用实验法,对武术散手运动员赛后的血乳酸、血尿素氯、心率等指标进行测试。结果发现,散手运动是以乳酸代谢为主的运动项目,训练中以提高运动员无氧代谢能力为主。  相似文献   

7.
吕东旭  张明伟 《体育科学》2004,24(8):38-39,43
通过对吉林省优秀短道速滑运动员在年训练周期中血乳酸的监控，探讨其训练强度的合理性。采用检测运动员运动后即刻的血乳酸并以此反映运动强度的现场测试方法。结果显示，运动员在冰期速度耐力训练后即刻的血乳酸浓度偏高，非冰期速度耐力训练后的血乳酸浓度偏低；冰期一般耐力(有氧耐力)训练后的血乳酸偏高，非冰期有氧耐力训练后的血乳酸偏低。结论：在提高速度耐力的训练手段中，运动强度安排不合理，导致了运动员的速度耐力不足，调整训练强度是今后训练方法中的重点。  相似文献   

8.
浅析运动强度对运动员血氨值的影响及相关研究   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  
血氨作为一项新的运动生化检测指标已经广泛应用到体育实践中,尤其是在体育科学领域受到了广泛关注。针对我院20名足球专项运动员进行了两次不同运动强度的训练:短跑—400m全速跑;足球赛—90min的足球对抗赛。实验结果表明:运动员完成相应负荷运动后血氨值显著高于安静状态测值(P<0.01),表明其与运动强度的高度相关性。实验结果提示:血氨指标能够较精确地评价运动员的运动负荷强度、机体的机能状态、疲劳程度及恢复情况。  相似文献   

9.
徐岩 《体育科技》2011,32(3):53-55
为了解大强度间歇训练对少年男子运动员400m全速跑心率及血乳酸的影响,对入选第十七届江苏省运动会田径决赛8名少年组男子运动员实施5周90%左右运动强度的间歇训练,观察400m全速跑前后各阶段的心率和血乳酸的变化。结果显示：5周90%左右强度的间歇训练可以有效提高少年男子运动员400m跑糖酵解系统供能和机体恢复期的乳酸清除能力。  相似文献   

10.
运动训练中,选择适宜的运动强度提高训练效果和运动成绩,是当前训练负荷发展的总趋势。为分析乳酸与短跑能力的关系和乳酸与短跑运动代谢特点及乳酸在选材中的应用,运用文献资料法分析短跑运动中的乳酸变化,结果发现短跑运动后的血乳酸浓度与运动强度、运动量、训练水平、糖原含量以及缺氧等因素有着密切的关系。高水平运动员的最大血乳酸值高。利用血乳酸指标能够反应不同运动方式及不同运动强度下能量供应情况和机体耐受情况,反映运动训练的水平,可广泛应用于短跑运动训练的监控和选材中。可考虑将45-60米段落跑的成绩和血乳酸值共同评价运动员的速度水平,成绩好且血乳酸值低的运动员应作为重点对象加以考察;将80米的成绩与其血乳酸值结合起来,共同评价运动员的速度耐力水平。  相似文献   

11.
This study examined the relationship between expired non-metabolic CO2 (exCO2) and the accumulation of blood lactate. Particular emphasis was placed on the ventilatory (exCO2 and VE/VO2) and lactate threshold relationship. A total of 21 elite cyclists (15 males, 6 females) performed a progressive intensity bicycle ergometer test during which ventilatory parameters were monitored on-line at 15-s intervals, and blood lactate sampling occurred at each minute. Transition threshold values were determined for each of the three indices: excess CO2 (TexCO2), VE/VO2 (Tvent) and blood lactate (Tlac). The three threshold values (TexCO2, Tvent, Tlac) all correlated significantly (P less than 0.001) when each was expressed as an absolute VO2 (l min-1). A significant ANOVA (F = 8.41, P less than 0.001) and post-hoc correlated t-tests demonstrated significant differences between the TexCO2 and Tlac (P less than 0.001) and the TexCO2 and Tvent values (P less than 0.025). The Tlac occurred at an average blood lactate concentration of 3.35 mM, while the mean expired excess CO2 volume at the TexCO2 was 14.04 ml kg-1 min-1. Over an 11-min range across the threshold values (TexCO2 and Tlac), which were used as relative points of reference, the expired excess CO2 volume (ml kg-1 min-1) and blood lactate concentration (mM) correlated significantly (r = 0.69, P less than 0.001). Higher individual correlations over the same period of time (r = 0.82-0.96, P less than 0.001) stress the individual nature of this relationship. These results indicate a strong relationship between the three threshold values.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)  相似文献   

12.
The aim of this study was to assess the responses of blood lactate and pyruvate during the lactate minimum speed test. Ten participants (5 males, 5 females; mean +/- s: age 27.1 +/- 6.7 years, VO 2max 52.0 +/- 7.9 ml kg -1 min -1 ) completed: (1) the lactate minimum speed test, which involved supramaximal sprint exercise to invoke a metabolic acidosis before the completion of an incremental treadmill test (this results in a ‘U-shaped’ blood lactate profile with the lactate minimum speed being defined as the minimum point on the curve); (2) a standard incremental exercise test without prior sprint exercise for determination of the lactate threshold; and (3) the sprint exercise followed by a passive recovery. The lactate minimum speed (12.0 +/- 1.4 km h -1 ) was significantly slower than running speed at the lactate threshold (12.4 +/- 1.7 km h -1 ) (P < 0.05), but there were no significant differences in VO 2 , heart rate or blood lactate concentration between the lactate minimum speed and running speed at the lactate threshold. During the standard incremental test, blood lactate and the lactate-topyruvate ratio increased above baseline values at the same time, with pyruvate increasing above baseline at a higher running speed. The rate of lactate, but not pyruvate, disappearance was increased during exercising recovery (early stages of the lactate minimum speed incremental test) compared with passive recovery. This caused the lactate-to-pyruvate ratio to fall during the early stages of the lactate minimum speed test, to reach a minimum point at a running speed that coincided with the lactate minimum speed and that was similar to the point at which the lactate-to-pyruvate ratio increased above baseline in the standard incremental test. Although these results suggest that the mechanism for blood lactate accumulation at the lactate minimum speed and the lactate threshold may be the same, disruption to normal submaximal exercise metabolism as a result of the preceding sprint exercise, including a three- to five-fold elevation of plasma pyruvate concentration, makes it difficult to interpret the blood lactate response to the lactate minimum speed test. Caution should be exercised in the use of this test for the assessment of endurance capacity.  相似文献   

13.
The physiological responses of 10 trained rowers to a progressive incremental rowing protocol to exhaustion were investigated on Gjessing, Rowperfect fixed-mechanism and Rowperfect free-mechanism rowing ergometers. Heart rate, oxygen uptake (VO2), ventilation (VE) and blood lactate were determined at matched power values for each ergometer. The mean power and heart rate at the lactate anaerobic threshold were determined by graphical interpolation of data for each ergometer. Analysis of variance and linear regression showed differing responses at matched power and an approximate 40-50 W difference in power at the lactate anaerobic threshold when comparing the friction-loaded Gjessing with the air-braked Rowperfect fixed and Rowperfect free ergometers (P<0.01). No significant differences were noted when comparing the air-braked Rowperfect fixed and Rowperfect free ergometers. However, comparisons of VO2, VE and blood lactate at given heart rates and of heart rate at the lactate anaerobic threshold showed no significant differences between ergometers. Our results indicate similar physiological profiles for all ergometers tested when compared at equivalent heart rates, but differences when compared at matched power. A direct comparison of the data from Gjessing (friction-loaded) with Rowperfect fixed and Rowperfect free (air-braked) ergometers would therefore require a correction factor for inter-ergometer variation in displayed power data.  相似文献   

14.
The aim of this study was to assess the responses of blood lactate and pyruvate during the lactate minimum speed test. Ten participants (5 males, 5 females; mean +/- s: age 27.1+/-6.7 years, VO2max 52.0+/-7.9 ml x kg(-1) x min(-1)) completed: (1) the lactate minimum speed test, which involved supramaximal sprint exercise to invoke a metabolic acidosis before the completion of an incremental treadmill test (this results in a 'U-shaped' blood lactate profile with the lactate minimum speed being defined as the minimum point on the curve); (2) a standard incremental exercise test without prior sprint exercise for determination of the lactate threshold; and (3) the sprint exercise followed by a passive recovery. The lactate minimum speed (12.0+/-1.4 km x h(-1)) was significantly slower than running speed at the lactate threshold (12.4+/-1.7 km x h(-1)) (P < 0.05), but there were no significant differences in VO2, heart rate or blood lactate concentration between the lactate minimum speed and running speed at the lactate threshold. During the standard incremental test, blood lactate and the lactate-to-pyruvate ratio increased above baseline values at the same time, with pyruvate increasing above baseline at a higher running speed. The rate of lactate, but not pyruvate, disappearance was increased during exercising recovery (early stages of the lactate minimum speed incremental test) compared with passive recovery. This caused the lactate-to-pyruvate ratio to fall during the early stages of the lactate minimum speed test, to reach a minimum point at a running speed that coincided with the lactate minimum speed and that was similar to the point at which the lactate-to-pyruvate ratio increased above baseline in the standard incremental test. Although these results suggest that the mechanism for blood lactate accumulation at the lactate minimum speed and the lactate threshold may be the same, disruption to normal submaximal exercise metabolism as a result of the preceding sprint exercise, including a three- to five-fold elevation of plasma pyruvate concentration, makes it difficult to interpret the blood lactate response to the lactate minimum speed test. Caution should be exercised in the use of this test for the assessment of endurance capacity.  相似文献   

15.
短期高强度训练对优秀篮球运动员有氧耐力的影响   总被引：7，自引：1，他引：6  
马冀平 《体育学刊》2002,9(1):40-41
为了调查短期高强度训练对篮球运动员有氧耐力的影响 ,对 2 0名 (男、女各 10名 )优秀篮球运动员 ,进行跑台渐增负荷运动直到力竭为止。同时测定气体代谢最大吸氧量 (VO2max)、通气量 (VE)、血乳酸(BLa)、心率 (HR)、血睾酮 (T)、皮质醇 (Cor)及血红蛋白 (Hb)。结果为 :1)短期高强度训练期后男、女两组无氧阈 (AT)值与训练前相比较均有显著性差异 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,但VO2max却未有显著性差异 ;2 )短期高强度训练期后男、女两组Hb值与训练前相比较均有显著性差异 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,而T、Cor在训练期前后却未有显著性差异。其结果表明 ,短期高强度训练并不能提高VO2max,而AT却明显提高。提示可采用AT值作为反映篮球运动员有氧耐力的指标。  相似文献   

16.
王国祥 《体育学刊》2004,11(1):45-48
采用等速运动方式 ,以表面肌电图和血乳酸为指标 ,在 10 %、3 0 %和 50 %MVC三种负荷条件下 ,对肘关节屈伸运动时的肱三头肌、肱二头肌和前腕骨肌的表面肌电图和血乳酸浓度的变化进行了比较分析。结果表明 :(1)肘关节屈伸运动时 ,伸展运动的力矩峰值下降幅度大于屈曲运动。 (2 )以 3 0 %和 50 %MVC负荷强度运动时 ,出现了表面肌电图的MF值逐步下降和血乳酸浓度逐渐增加的现象 ;工作肌群MF下降幅度 ,由大到小依次为肱三头肌 >肱二头肌 >前腕骨肌。 (3 )肱三头肌、肱二头肌和前腕骨肌的表面肌电图的MF变化与血乳酸浓度变化相互比较 ,10 %、3 0 %和 50 %MVC三种运动形式都表现出了非常明显的相关性。实验结果可以说明 ,sEMG作为特异性良好的非损伤性检测手段 ,不但能够直观地反映肌肉的收缩活动 ,还与肌肉组织代谢变化有一定的相关关系  相似文献   

17.
本研究测定了 1 7例体育系女生和 1 4例生物系女生 70 % VO2 max恒负荷前后体内血乳酸 (简称 BLA)和乳酸脱氢酶 (简称 LDH)含量。结果表明 :体育系女生在恒负荷后体内的 BLA浓度明显低于生物系女生 (p<0 .0 5) :LDH在恒负荷后含量明显增高 ,但两系之间没有明显差异。在 70 % VO2 max后 BLA含量有明显差异 ,这主要是体育锻炼使机体机能改善 ,有氧代谢能力和耐乳酸能力提高 ,从而为体育系的体育训练提供有价值的参考  相似文献   

18.
The effects of antioxidant diet supplements on blood lactate concentration and on the aerobic and anaerobic thresholds and their adaptations to training were analysed. Fifteen amateur male athletes were randomly assigned to either a placebo group or an antioxidant-supplemented group (90 days supplementation with 500 mg x day(-1) of vitamin E and 30 mg x day(-1) of beta-carotene, and the last 15 days also with 1 g x day(-1) of vitamin C). Before and after the antioxidant supplements, the sportsmen performed a maximal exercise test on a cycle ergometer and maximal and submaximal physiological parameters were assessed together with blood lactate concentration. Maximal oxygen uptake (VO(2max)), maximal blood lactate concentration, and the maximal workload attained rose significantly in both groups after the 3 months of training. At the end of the study, maximal blood lactate concentration was lower in the group that took supplements than in the placebo group. The percentage of VO(2max) attained at the anaerobic threshold rose significantly in both groups after 3 months of training, although the final value in the supplemented group was higher than that in the placebo group. Antioxidant diet supplements induced lower increases in blood lactate concentration after a maximal exercise test and could improve the efficiency in which aerobic energy is obtained.  相似文献   

19.
The purpose of this study was to provide a more detailed analysis of performance in cross-country skiing by combining findings from a differential global positioning system (dGPS), metabolic gas measurements, speed in different sections of a ski-course and treadmill threshold data. Ten male skiers participated in a freestyle skiing field test (5.6 km), which was performed with dGPS and metabolic gas measurements. A treadmill running threshold test was also performed and the following parameters were derived: anaerobic threshold, threshold of decompensated metabolic acidosis, respiratory exchange ratio = 1, onset of blood lactate accumulation and peak oxygen uptake (VO2peak). The combined dGPS and metabolic gas measurements made detailed analysis of performance possible. The strongest correlations between the treadmill data and final skiing field test time were for VO2peak (l x min(-1)), respiratory exchange ratio = 1 (l x min(-1)) and onset of blood lactate accumulation (l x min(-1)) (r = -0.644 to - 0.750). However, all treadmill test data displayed stronger associations with speed in different stretches of the course than with final time, which stresses the value of a detailed analysis of performance in cross-country skiing. Mean oxygen uptake (VO2) in a particular stretch in relation to speed in the same stretch displayed its strongest correlation coefficients in most stretches when VO2 was presented in units litres per minute, rather than when VO2 was normalized to body mass (ml x kg(-1) x min(-1) and ml x min(-1) x kg(-2/3)). This suggests that heavy cross-country skiers have an advantage over their lighter counterparts. In one steep uphill stretch, however, VO2 (ml x min(-1) x kg(-2/3)) displayed the strongest association with speed, suggesting that in steep uphill sections light skiers could have an advantage over heavier skiers.  相似文献   

20.
测定了篮球、中长跑、短跑、武术套路运动员在递增负荷运动中氧通气当量的变化曲线,并确定了最佳呼吸效率点.结果发现,不同专项运动员的氧通气当量有相似的变化规律,随着运动强度的增加,运动时间的延长,氧通气当量先略下降,在运动负荷达到150W时降低到一个最低值即最佳呼吸效率点,然后逐渐上升.结果提示,氧通气当量和最佳呼吸效率点可作为无氧阈深入研究的一种辅助手段,最佳呼吸效率点时的强度亦可作为有氧训练的界限强度.  相似文献   

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