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马蕲 《体育科技文献通报》2007,(2)
1.台阶试验与耐力跑选测项目的科学性分析(1)选测项目的测试结果差异性大、相关性低;(2)台阶试验测试反映人体心肺功能的有效性问题。2.台阶试验与耐力跑选测项目的合理性分析(1)选测项目测试目的不统一;(2)选测项目评分标准不统一。3.台阶试验与耐力跑选测项目的评分标准分析(1)选测项目评分标准偏低;(2)测试指标的评分标准跨度过大。4.结论与建议(1)选测指标中台阶试验与耐力跑的相关性较低,很难准确地反映学生体质健康状况。建议进一步提高选测指标间的替代兼容性;(2)用台阶试验测试心肺功能的有效性尚存争议,用耐力跑测试心肺耐力素质仍… 相似文献
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《国家学生体质健康标准》与《学生体质健康标准(试行方案)》的比较研究 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
通过对6 517名大学生的身高标准体重、肺活量、坐位体前屈、台阶试验、立定跳远等测试项目进行<学生体质健康标准(试行方案)>(简称<老标准>)与<国家学生体质健康标准>(简称<新标准>)的评价比较,探讨了<新标准>在测试项目、权重系数、评价等级、评分标准等方面的合理性与科学性.结果表明,<新标准>中测试内容更加丰富,但选测项目仍然分类不清;权重系数的分配更加合理;评价等级的调整幅度较小,但评分标准大幅提高,学生的体质健康测试数据反映出新老标准间的各等级通过率存在非常显著的差异,采用<新标准>评价的不及格比例明显增大,从原来的0.3%提高到23.9%,而优良比例却由原来的60.2%降低到27.5%.因此,建议对<新标准>中部分项目的评分标准进行进一步的完善和优化. 相似文献
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武汉科技学院学生体质测试结果分析 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
对照国家教育部、体育总局新颁布的<学生体质健康标准(试行方案)>,对武汉科技学院13 010名大学生进行了有关学生体质健康项目测试,给出了各项测试结果并进行分析.健康测试结果表明有99.55%的学生体质达到及格线以上,从而得出对<学生体质健康标准>的几点初步的认识. 相似文献
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阳剑 《体育科技文献通报》2009,17(9):5-6,13
通过对《学生体质健康标准》测试发现：《标准》中测试指标体系不全面、选测项目的关联和替代程度较差、项目组合替代设置不合理等。认为：《标准》测试指标体系不能准确评价学生体质状况;身体素质和运动能力类测试指标各备选项的选择,应为相互间关联系数较大的项目;肺活量的测试应选择能够全面反映心肺功能的动态指标;台阶实验指数与耐力跑成绩的相关性较低,应用12分钟跑取代台阶试验;《标准》的分值跨度太大,应设置多项不同的分值。 相似文献
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《国家学生体质健康标准》指标体系结构与嬗变研究 总被引：11，自引：0，他引：11
<国家学生体质健康标准>是在<学生体质健康标准>(试行方案)的基础上,通过科学实验和缜密研究,增加部分锻炼效果好、实效性强、简便易行的锻炼项目和少数运动技能项目而构建的国家学生体质测评系统.为制定评分等级标准,研究团队在大量调查和广泛征求意见的基础上,选取北京、深圳两地大中小学16 769名学生为被试,对<标准>试行方案中原有项目和新增项目进行测试和实验.修订后的<国家学生体质健康标准>具有选择性强,导向性明确、指标体系完备和实施效力强的特点. 相似文献
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采用文献资料法、数理统计法、比较分析法时《国家学生体质健康标准》中反映学生速度、灵巧性素质指标的三个选测项目的测试数据进行统计分析,结果表明：①素质选测项目之间都有较高的相关性;②素质选测项目之间还存在着一定的差异性;③素质选测项目中各测试项目的一致性较差。 相似文献
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对我国高等院校体育俱乐部的研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
陈秀娟 《体育成人教育学刊》2007,23(3):81-83
越来越多的高校以体育俱乐部的形式进行了教学改革,但目前对高校体育俱乐部的研究存在着概念模糊、分类不准确、定性不明确等问题,结合理论与实践对以上问题进行了分析,并提出了自己的见解。 相似文献
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论新生活运动正当娱乐中的体育 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
新生活运动历时15年,涉及到了国民生活的方方面面。娱乐作为生活的重要组成部分,也受到新生活运动的影响。为了纠正社会上根深蒂固的“烟”、“赌”和“娼”等不良风气,新生活运动组织十分重视对正当娱乐的提倡,对体育尤为重视。蒋介石本人在新生活运动周年纪念大会上专门提到过体育问题。体育活动曾被作为新生活运动的年度中心工作或者工作要点来开展。虽然最后对体育的提倡没有达到十分理想的效果,但确实引导了国民的健康观念。新生活运动组织还培养了数量不多的体育人员,为近代体育的发展注入了动力。 相似文献
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运用问卷调查和文献资料等方法,对武汉市居民体育消费水平、体育消费结构、体育消费影响因素、体育消费发展趋势等进行了分析研究。结果表明:居民对体育的功能和作用有深刻认识,但由于经济因素和传统习惯等影响,保守性消费观念仍占主导地位;体育消费的绝对水平较10年前大幅增长,但相对水平涨幅不大。 相似文献
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运用文献资料、专家访谈和数理统计研究方法,对上海市二、三线运动员2004年参加全国比赛前三名的成绩进行分析,并与部分省市二、三线运动员成绩比较。结果表明:上海市竞技体育后备人才部分项目在全国保持一定优势,但后备人才严重匮乏;未来几年比赛夺金人员缺乏;部分项目与其它省市有较大的差距;其它省市对上海优势项目构成较大威胁。 相似文献
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Susan Berney Kimberley Haines Linda Denehy 《Cardiopulmonary Physical Therapy Journal》2012,23(1):19-25
A physiotherapist is part of the multidisciplinary team in most intensive care units in Australia. Physiotherapists are primary contact practitioners and use a comprehensive multisystem assessment that includes the respiratory, cardiovascular, neurological, and musculoskeletal systems to formulate individualized treatment plans. The traditional focus of treatment has been the respiratory management of both intubated and spontaneously breathing patients. However, the emerging evidence of the longstanding physical impairment suffered by survivors of intensive care has resulted in physiotherapists re-evaluating treatment priorities to include exercise rehabilitation as a part of standard clinical practice. The goals of respiratory physiotherapy management are to promote secretion clearance, maintain or recruit lung volume, optimize oxygenation, and prevent respiratory complications in both the intubated and spontaneously breathing patient. In the intubated patient, physiotherapists commonly employ manual and ventilator hyperinflation and positioning as treatment techniques whilst in the spontaneously breathing patients there is an emphasis on mobilization. Physiotherapists predominantly use functional activities for the rehabilitation of the critically ill patient in intensive care. While variability exists between states and centers, Australian physiotherapists actively treat critically ill patients targeting interventions based upon research evidence and individualized assessment. A trend toward more emphasis on exercise rehabilitation over respiratory management is evident.Key Words: physiotherapy, intensive care 相似文献
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AbstractThe aim of this study was to examine the effects of changes in maximal aerobic (MAS) and sprinting (MSS) speeds and the anaerobic reserve (ASR) on repeated-sprint performance. Two hundred and seventy highly-trained soccer players (14.5 ± 1.6 year) completed three times per season (over 5 years) a maximal incremental running test to approach MAS, a 40-m sprint with 10-m splits to assess MSS and a repeated-sprint test (10 × 30-m sprints), where best (RSb) and mean (RSm) sprint times, and percentage of speed decrement (%Dec) were calculated. ASR was calculated as MSS-MAS. While ?RSb were related to ?MSS and ?body mass (r2 = 0.42, 90%CL[0.34;0.49] for the overall multiple regression, n = 334), ?RSm was also correlated with ?MAS and ?sum of 7 skinfolds (r2 = 0.43 [0.35;0.50], n = 334). There was a small and positive association between ?%Dec and ?MAS (r2 = 0.02 [?0.07;0.11], n = 334). Substantial ?MSS and ?MAS had a predictive value of 70 and 55% for ?RSm, respectively. Finally, ?ASR per se was not predictive of ?RSm (Cohen’s = +0.8 to ?0.3 with increased ASR), but the greater magnitude of ?RSm improvement was observed when MSS, MAS and ASR increased together (0.8 vs. +0.4 with ASR increased vs. not, additionally to MSS and MAS). Low-cost field tests aimed at assessing maximal sprinting and aerobic speeds can be used to monitor ?RS performance. 相似文献
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公共体育服务是上海“体育强市”建设的基础支撑.“十一五”时期,上海市公共体育服务制度化建设逐渐加强,便民化设施不断增多,系列化活动初具规模,但仍面临着“制度设计”执行不力、“多元主体”供给失衡、“以需定供”尚未畅通等困境.在建设“体育强市”的过程中,应夯实公共体育服务基础,丰富公共体育服务内涵,培育公共体育服务多元主体,构建公共体育服务评价机制. 相似文献
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《European Journal of Sport Science》2013,13(7):678-685
AbstractLateral movements like cutting are essential in many team sport disciplines. The aim of the present study was to analyse adaptations in motor control in response to task unpredictability during lateral movement execution. Twelve subjects performed lateral jumps with different landing modalities (stable, sliding or counteracting) that were either known (predictable setting) or unknown (unpredictable setting) prior to movement execution. Results revealed that regardless of the landing modality, hip joint abduction was significantly greater in the unpredictable compared to predictable setting. Furthermore, during the sliding landing modality, hip flexion decreased from 211 ± 7° to 207 ± 7° and knee flexion decreased from 26 ± 4° to 24 ± 4° at the instant of ground contact in the unpredictable compared to predictable condition. During the stable landing modality, the knee joint abduction increased from ?0.3 ± 6° to ?3 ± 6° after initial ground contact in the unpredictable compared to predictable setting. The present results support our hypothesis that pre-programmed motor activity depends on the predictability of the landing modality during lateral movements. According to its adaptation in the frontal plane and in some extent in the sagittal plane, the hip joint seems to play the major role in the modulation of the pre-programmed activity for successful lateral jump execution in an unpredictable setting. However, these kinematic adaptations are concerning since these changes were associated with higher knee abduction during the stable landing modality and therefore with possible higher risk of injury. 相似文献
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面对21世纪,高等医学院校体育教育改革应给学生全方位的体育教育,尤其要结合医学专业特点,提高选择和制定运动处方及指导监督他人体育健身康复的能力。 相似文献