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自1990年开始至今,英格兰高校学生贷款政策已经经历了三个发展阶段。2006-2007学年开始实施的新学生贷款政策的性质、内容、申请资格、审核标准以及管理和申请情况均出现了较大的变化。作为典型的政策性贷款,英格兰高校学生贷款政策设计的合理性以及后续影响的分析对中国高校学生贷款政策的制定具有一定的借鉴价值。 相似文献
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高校助学贷款有利于贫困学生完成学业,有利于社会的稳定,民族的团结。国家每年在助学贷款上花费大量的人力、物力、财力,目的就是尽量不让一名贫困大学生因为学费问题而失学。而由于民众诚信意识的缺失和其他原因,部分贷款学生毕业后无法按时偿还本金和利息,这对国家助学贷款长期而有效的运作带来了不利影响,同时也影响高校正常贷款工作的运行。因此,高校助学贷款追贷管理模式亟需进行创新,应改变以往的管理模式,对贷款进行有效的催收。 相似文献
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国家助学贷款对高等教育个人收益率的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
人力资本理论认为教育是一项能给个人带来收益的投资。借助学生贷款完成高等教育将改变个人的教育成本和收益,并影响借贷者的高等教育个人收益率。本文研究国家助学贷款政策对高等教育个人收益率的影响程度,以及不同的还款方案对高等教育个人收益率作用的大小。 相似文献
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The government's proposals for a student loans scheme has been inadequately thought-out and researched. Mr Baker's commitment to increase participation in higher education, and hence to increase the 'outflow' of much-needed graduates, may well be undermined by the proposed scheme. In particular, what has been missing in the debate on loans has been a regional perspective. Northern Ireland offers a useful example in that, despite being the most economically depressed region in the United Kingdom, recent participation rates have already come close to the rate Mr Baker is aiming for in other parts of the country.
We cannot predict the effect of the loans scheme on participation rates. However, in present circumstances and under present policies, our guess, based on extensive survey research, is that the proposed loans scheme will diminish participation rates, particularly among those Mr Baker has targeted for special attention. Secondly, the cost of the proposed scheme to the government will be much higher than envisaged. Regional evidence from Northern Ireland suggests that large numbers of graduates will take a long time to earn sufficient salaries to rise above the 85 per cent threshold, if, in fact, they ever do. 相似文献
We cannot predict the effect of the loans scheme on participation rates. However, in present circumstances and under present policies, our guess, based on extensive survey research, is that the proposed loans scheme will diminish participation rates, particularly among those Mr Baker has targeted for special attention. Secondly, the cost of the proposed scheme to the government will be much higher than envisaged. Regional evidence from Northern Ireland suggests that large numbers of graduates will take a long time to earn sufficient salaries to rise above the 85 per cent threshold, if, in fact, they ever do. 相似文献
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冯骊 《安庆师范学院学报(社会科学版)》2008,27(8):6-9
国家担保是助学贷款健康发展的根本保障。国家担保的助学贷款是优质的金融资产。社保基金机构拥有学生就业、薪酬、劳动保险和医疗保障信息,拥有与用人单位之间密切的业务联系网,拥有与商业银行之间信息资源共享平台,可以有效地监控、跟踪学生状况及回收贷款,发挥社会评估作用,促使高等教育机构为社会培养更多适用的优秀人才。社保基金参与国家担保的助学贷款,可以大幅度降低还款违约率,使社保基金安全地保值增值,实现双赢。 相似文献
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Catherine Horn María Verónica Santelices Ximena Catalán Avendaño 《Higher Education》2014,68(3):471-488
Much of the recent Chilean educational debate and reform has centered around issues of higher education cost, debt burden, and availability of grants versus loans. This quantitative case study of Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile sought to understand the longitudinal contributions of combinations of types of financial aid to persistence of low-income students. The results identified that the aggregate availability of both grants and loans at the university-level has a net positive contribution beyond the contributions of national-level grants and loans. In finest distinction, however, only ministry aid (in the form of need-based grants and loans) decreased the likelihood of dropping out. Such findings suggest that universities may want to consider carefully as part of a comprehensive persistence plan how they leverage institution-level contributions to student aid packages. 相似文献
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本文从问题流、政策流和政治流视角出发,对我国学生贷款政策子系统的外部影响因素分别进行了细化分析,并就我国资源禀赋现状、高等教育财政资源条件、公众价值观念等较稳定因素对学生贷款两大政策阶段变迁过程的制约进行了探讨,同时对政策演进历程的反馈环进行了描述.同时在动态演进的框架中阐述了我国学生贷款两大发展阶段政策的关系与区别、政策变迁的触发及影响因素,解释了产生我国学生贷款政策问题驱动、采取渐进修正路径等政策变迁特点的原因. 相似文献
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雷丽丽 《大学.研究与评价》2009,(5):55-59
金融危机对我国高校学生助学贷款产生了很大影响。一方面,家庭收入减少和就业困难使申请助学贷款的学生数量大增。另一方面,银行缺乏放贷积极性,可能对学生助学贷款把关更严。对此,高校和政府应共同采取积极措施缓解学生的就学危机。高校可实行学费打折,延长交费年限,完善贫困学生资助体系,建立心理干预机制。政府应审时度势,及时出台相应政策,如向经办助学贷款业务的银行注入一部分资金,实行"专款专用";直接从银行等金融机构手中购买一定比例的学生助学贷款;适当上调国家助学贷款的风险补偿金比例上限;组建专门的政策性金融机构,负责学生助学贷款的发放、使用和回收等。 相似文献
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美国已建立起较为完善的研究生贷款体系,贷款已成为研究生最主要资助方式之一。研究生贷款具有资助对象范围广、资助额度高、资助重点向女性和少数民族弱势群体倾斜、资助力度与学科专业相适应等特点。研究生贷款政策面临的主要风险包括研究生债务负担剧增,学习方式和学位完成率受到影响以及还款拖欠率上升等。美国的经验表明,制定专门的贷款政策、合理运用贷款工具以及完善贷款回收保障措施有助于这一政策的良性发展。 相似文献
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新国家助学贷款政策的思考 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
胡进军 《成都教育学院学报》2005,19(9):43-45
作为高等教育体制改革的配套措施,国家助学贷款对资助经济困难学生发挥了很大作用,也在执行中逐渐暴露出问题并面临着窘境.2004年6月,国家对政策内容进行了调整,推出了新的国家助学贷款政策.新政策内容有了很大发展和进步,实施效果得到了显著改善,但仍没能完全达到预定的政策目标.为了更有效实现政策目标,需要深入分析政策过程各利益主体,全面统筹,多角度入手对政策加以改进和完善. 相似文献
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2007年5月,国务院出台《关于建立健全普通本科高校高等职业学校和中等职业学校家庭经济困难学生资助政策体系的意见》,标志着我国高校在单一的人民助学金制度的基础上。构建起“奖、贷、助、补、减”五位一体的大学生资助体系。自考生作为高等教育主体和社会弱势群体,却未被纳入资助对象之列,阻碍了教育公平的进程,有碍社会公平的实现。本文首先分析了自考生群体的现状;然后,立足公平,阐明让自考生享受大学生资助政策的必要性;最后,指出要实现公平,自考生也应享受大学生资助政策。 相似文献
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2008年,澳大利亚出台了<高等教育支持法案>修订版,该修订版进行了高等教育拨款援助和学生贷款等制度的改革,增加了弱势群体的入学机会,促进了教育公平,对我国高等教育经费制度的改革具有借鉴意义. 相似文献
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泰国学生贷款计划开始于1996年,自实行以来,取得了很大的成效,这都归功于其在适用对象、发放额度、还款期限等制度方面的合理设计。了解这一计划的内容及实施细节,并与我国的助学贷款制度进行一些对比分析,有利于我们的借鉴改进。 相似文献
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21世纪,日本政府采取了多样化的海外留学资助政策。海外留学资助政策具有扩大留学生交流,增加与其他国家之间相互理解及友好交流,提高本国大学国际竞争力等多种政策目的。日本的海外留学资助项目也多种多样,既有奖学金,也有贷学金,既资助短期留学,也资助长期留学,较好满足了不同政策目标的需要。日本选拔留学生时,尤其注重资助效率,标准严格。 相似文献
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生源地助学贷款的发展困境与前景——以湖北省A市为例 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
部分省市推出的生源地助学贷款为贫困生资助提供了新思路.但通过实地调研和问卷调查,分析发现,生源地助学贷款还存在定位模糊、农村信用社体制约束、贷款政策不完善等问题,制约其作用的发挥.生源地助学贷款要获得长远有效的发展,需要进一步完善实施方案:利用有利的社会政策环境,与其他资助政策统筹,完善配套措施. 相似文献
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The Japanese higher education sector has seen increases in tuition with stagnant household incomes in a society where family support for university students has been the norm. Student loans from the government have grown rapidly to sustain the gradual increase in university enrolments. These time-based repayment loans (TBRLs) have created financial hardship for increasing numbers of loan recipients and their families. There is some evidence that prospective students from low-income households are forgoing a university education to avoid student loan debt. The Japanese government has introduced some measures including grants and a partial income-contingent loan (ICL) scheme to help alleviate these problems.While the ICL scheme is a positive development, this paper shows that it requires further refinement and broader coverage if it is to adequately address the challenges facing higher education financing in Japan. We show that an affordable and universal ICL system could be introduced in Japan that avoids problems with the current partial income-contingent loan scheme and would help alleviate access issues for those from disadvantaged backgrounds. Importantly, the unique features of the Japanese labor market have to be carefully considered, especially the large gender wage gap for married women. By introducing dynamics into modeling graduate earnings and using carefully selected parameters, we show that it is possible to have a universal ICL which achieves a balance between access and affordable repayment with minimal long-run costs to taxpayers. 相似文献
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This paper examines two of the stated objectives of the government's student loans scheme, 'to increase the resources available to students' and 'to increase economic awareness among students, and their self reliance'. Following Farrell and Tapper (1992) we also consider a third, less explicit objective, that of exerting an influence on the shape of higher education itself, through economic pressure on students to select courses that are earnings related and vocationally oriented.
The results of a survey of a random sample of students conducted annually between 1992 and 1996 at the University of Brighton demonstrate a substantial increase in student debt over this period. Among students increasing support for the principles underlying the loan scheme was found, as were high levels of 'economic awareness' and 'self-reliance'. There was no evidence of a demand for changes in the pattern of course provision and it is suggested that this is because of the way in which students have responded to their changed financial situation, in particular the high reliance of many on part-time employment in preference to student loans and a desire to maximise current rather than future earnings. 相似文献
The results of a survey of a random sample of students conducted annually between 1992 and 1996 at the University of Brighton demonstrate a substantial increase in student debt over this period. Among students increasing support for the principles underlying the loan scheme was found, as were high levels of 'economic awareness' and 'self-reliance'. There was no evidence of a demand for changes in the pattern of course provision and it is suggested that this is because of the way in which students have responded to their changed financial situation, in particular the high reliance of many on part-time employment in preference to student loans and a desire to maximise current rather than future earnings. 相似文献
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G. Shantakumar 《Higher Education》1992,23(4):405-424
The higher education system of Singapore is seen as crucial for the economic prosperity of the country. It is highly elitist, with fierce competition for limited places, and high private returns. In 1989 the Government announced a policy of reducing subsidies for higher education, in order to reduce the financial burden on the tax-payer, increase expenditure on other levels of education and achieve a more equitable distribution of costs. Tuition fees were increased sharply and a new student loan scheme, the Tuition Loan Scheme (TLS), was introduced. There are in addition two other loan schemes in Singapore, the Student Loan Fund (SLF), and the Central Provident Fund (CPF) Approved Education Scheme, under which parents may borrow from their CPF savings in order to finance their children's higher education, but must repay the loan. This article examines the arguments for and against student loans in Singapore, and concludes that the conditions necessary for a successful loan scheme are already in place: full employment, high private returns to higher education, and an efficient banking system and financial infrastructure. In the light of those conditions student loans seem to be an efficient and equitable form of finance for higher education in Singapore.Views do not implicate The National University of Singapore or The International Institute for Population Sciences. I am thankful to Mr Geoffrey Lau, Planning Services Unit, National University of Singapore for some suggestions and assistance. The usual disclaimers are relevant. 相似文献