共查询到17条相似文献，搜索用时 171 毫秒
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自我解释学习策略及其应用 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
自我解释是指学习者在学习或问题解决情境中把学习材料解释给自己,以此力图理解和掌握新知识的活动。自我解释包含了多种有效的认知与元认知学习策略,是学生自主学习的重要体现。将自我解释的理论与实验研究成果推广到我国的教育教学实践中,既可以提高学生在学习数理化等理科课程中的问题解决能力,也可以有效促进学生在课文学习中的阅读理解。 相似文献
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在样例学习过程中,学习者对样例的知识内容进行自我解释,会导致样例学习成绩提高,这就是自我解释效应。Chi等人最初对自我解释效应所进行的研究发现,自我解释效应的影响因素包括先行知识、一般能力和个体差异。对自我解释效应的三种理论解释是:间隙—填充(gap—filling)、图式—结构(schema formation)和相似增强(analogical enhancement)。未来对自我解释效应研究的关注点是:自我解释效应的机制、人为设定自我解释提示能否改进学习效果,以及建构性活动与样例学习效果之间的关系。 相似文献
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自我解释策略在网络学习环境中的应用研究 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
柏宏权 《中国远程教育(综合版)》2005,10(1):37-39
学习过程是通过社会交互、工具使用和反思等进行的知识建构过程.学生在网络学习中,能否高度参与到建构知识的活动中去,对于学生的知识建构和问题解决至关重要.自我解释能够促进学生的知识建构,在网络课程中设计自我解释的支持工具,有利于学生更深入地建构自己对知识的理解,有利于知识整合. 相似文献
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学习过程是通过社会交互、工具使用和反思等知识建构的过程.学生在网络课程的学习中,能否高度参与到建构知识的活动中去,对于学生的知识建构和问题解决至关重要.自我解释能够促进学生的知识建构,在网络课程中设计自我解释的支持工具,有利于学生更深入地建构自己对知识的理解,有利于知识整合. 相似文献
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自我解释研究是教育心理学的一个较新的研究领域．其历史不足20年。该文从自我解释研究的背景入手,简要介绍了自我解释的内涵和自我解释效应的认知机制,之后分别阐述了以往关于自我解释的研究,最后提出自我解释研究尚待解决的问题。 相似文献
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有关样例学习和问题解决的研究发现，学习者对所提供酌例题的解题步骤进行自我解释能促进保持原样对例题的理解，提高了随后的问题解决成绩。在已有实验研究的基础上，本文探讨了在数学和物理等理科问题解决教学中，教师应用自我解释策略设计例题。 相似文献
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自我解释是一种由自我产生并指向自我的知识建构活动。领域性知识、加工方式、引导角色及激励都会影响自我解释的发生。其产生机制主要有三种模型：空缺填补理论认为自我解释是学生发现自己的知识漏洞并对这些漏洞进行弥补的过程；产生推论及修复心理模型的双加工机制认为自我解释是对不完整文本进行推论和对不完整的心理模型进行修复的过程；拓展情境模式通过比较前两种模式，认为自我解释是修复个人已有的、存在缺陷的领域，在不替代原有心理模型的基础上加速该模型的改变。 相似文献
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以平均数差异检验为学习材料,探讨自我解释与样例学习方式对数学概念原理掌握和问题解决的影响及其影响的延时效应.结果表明:自我解释能有效地促进概念原理的掌握和问题的解决;教学奈件下的样例学习对远迁移问题的解决具有明显促进作用;自我解释与样例学习方式对大学生数学学习的影响是独立的,没有交互作用;自我解释与教学对大学生数学学习的影响具有延时效应. 相似文献
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Assisting self-explanation prompts are more effective than open prompts when learning with multiple representations 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Learning with multiple representations is usually employed in order to foster understanding. However, it also imposes high
demands on the learners and often does not lead to the expected results, especially because the learners do not integrate
the different representations. Thus, it is necessary to support the learners’ self-explanation activity, which concerns the
integration and understanding of multiple representations. In the present experiment, we employed multi-representational worked-out
examples and tested the effects of two types of self-explanation prompts as help procedures for integrating and understanding
multiple representations. The participants (N = 62) learned about probability theory under three conditions: (a) open self-explanation prompts, (b) self-explanation prompts
in an assistance-giving-assistance-withholding procedure (assisting self-explanation prompts), or (c) no prompts (control
group). Both types of self-explanation prompts fostered procedural knowledge. This effect was mediated by self-explanations
directed to domain principles. Conceptual knowledge was particularly fostered by assisting self-explanation prompts which
was mediated by self-explanations on the rationale of a principle. Thus, for enhancing high-quality self-explanations and
both procedural knowledge and conceptual understanding, we conclude that assisting self-explanation prompts should be provided.
We call this the assisting self-explanation prompt effect which refers to the elicitation of high-quality self-explanations and the acquisition of deep understanding. 相似文献
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The purpose of this study was to examine the impacts of embedding collaboration into a game with a self-explanation design for supporting the acquisition of light and shadow concepts. The participants were 184 fourth graders who were randomly assigned to three conditions: a solitary mode of the game with self-explanation, a collaborative mode with self-explanation, or the control condition of a single-user game without integrating self-explanation. Students' conceptual understanding was measured through an immediate posttest and a retention test with a three-week delay. Further, students' engagement in answering the prompts was also investigated. The findings showed that having students collaboratively play science-based games with a self-explanation design embedded was not sufficient to help them learn the science concepts. Rather, it was the level of engagement in responding to the self-explanation prompts that mattered. 相似文献
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Chung-Yuan Hsu 《Interactive Learning Environments》2013,21(2):104-115
Educational researchers have indicated that although computer games have the potential to promote students’ motivation and engagement, the work on how to design effective games that fulfil educational purposes is still in its infancy. This study aimed to examine how integration of self-explanation into a computer game affected primary schoolers’ acquisition of light and shadow concepts. The participants were randomly assigned to either an experimental group or a control group and played a computer game with or without self-explanation prompts individually as a treatment. Students’ conceptual understanding was evaluated through a pretest and a posttest administered right after the treatment. The results revealed that by controlling the pretest scores, students who played the game with self-explanation features did not outperform those who played the game without any prompts in the posttest. Further analyses of the experimental group students’ responses to the self-explanation prompts also indicated that the students with more correct responses to the prompts did not perform better than those with lower accuracy rates. The deficits in the use of self-explanation prompts are identified, and possible improvements to enhance the function of self-explanation in educational games are proposed. 相似文献
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Lijia Lin Robert K. Atkinson Wilhelmina C. Savenye Brian C. Nelson 《Interactive Learning Environments》2016,24(4):799-813
The purpose of this study was to investigate the impacts of visual cues and different types of self-explanation prompts on learning, cognitive load, and intrinsic motivation in an interactive multimedia environment that was designed to deliver a computer-based lesson about the human cardiovascular system. A total of 126 college students were randomly assigned in equal numbers (N?=?21) to one of the six conditions in a 2?×?3 factorial design with visual cueing (cueing vs. no cueing) and type of self-explanation prompts (prediction prompts vs. reflection prompts vs. no prompts) as the between-subjects factors. The results revealed that (a) participants presented with cued animations had significantly higher learning outcome scores than their peers who viewed uncued animations, and (b) cognitive load and intrinsic motivation had different impacts on learning outcomes due to the moderation effect of cueing. The results suggest that the cues may not only enhance learning, but also indirectly impact learning, cognitive load, and intrinsic motivation. 相似文献
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Markus H. Hefter Alexander Renkl Werner Riess Sebastian Schmid Stefan Fries Kirsten Berthold 《Journal of Experimental Education》2018,86(3):325-343
Argumentative thinking requires not only the skill to apply argumentative strategies such as supporting theories with evidence but also the will to apply these strategies by considering argumentative thinking to be both reasonable and worthwhile. Focusing on direct instruction for the initial acquisition of both skill and will, we developed a new short-term computer-based training intervention. We tested its effects on learning processes and learning outcomes in an experimental study with 147 German high school students. Our intervention fostered facets of both skill (i.e. a declarative knowledge about argumentation) and will (i.e., epistemic orientation, intellectual values, and epistemic knowledge). We gained additional insights into learning mechanisms, such as the mediating effects of the learners' self-explanation activities and the advantage of addressing will before skill. 相似文献
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Rittle-Johnson B 《Child development》2006,77(1):1-15
Explaining new ideas to oneself can promote transfer, but how and when such self-explanation is effective is unclear. This study evaluated whether self-explanation leads to lasting improvements in transfer success and whether it is more effective in combination with direct instruction or invention. Third- through fifth-grade children (ages 8-11; n=85) learned about mathematical equivalence under one of four conditions varying in (a) instruction on versus invention of a procedure and (b) self-explanation versus no explanation. Both self-explanation and instruction helped children learn and remember a correct procedure, and self-explanation promoted transfer regardless of instructional condition. Neither manipulation promoted greater improvements on an independent measure of conceptual knowledge. Microgenetic analyses provided insights into potential mechanisms underlying these effects. 相似文献