共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 328 毫秒
1.
2.
《南阳师范学院学报》2017,(3):22-27
采用高通量测序结合显微镜计数的方法研究了鸭河口水库微型浮游生物群落组成.结合OTUs数、多样性指数分析、稀释性曲线、PCA分析和UPGMA分析,浮游生物群落多样性排序为:库心>坝下.高通量测序表明库心和坝下微型浮游生物分布于38个和33个门,浮游植物有隐藻(Cryptophyta)、绿藻(Chlorophyta)等4个门,浮游动物主要有微型后生动物(Metazoa)、双鞭毛虫(Dinoflagellata)、丝足虫(Cercozoa)等8个门,表明两组样品具有丰富的群落组成.显微镜计数法共检测出库心和坝下区域浮游植物6门和浮游动物1门,共28个属,浮游植物主要为绿藻(Chlorophyta)、隐藻(Cryptophyta)、硅藻(Bacillariophyta)等,浮游动物只检测到轮虫动物门(Rotifera).比较两种方法,高通量测序能检测到更丰富的浮游生物群落信息,传统的显微镜计数法能对物种鉴定更精确,两者结合使用,能取长补短,推动浮游生物群落及功能研究. 相似文献
3.
富营养化水体中微囊藻毒素的降解方法研究进展 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
微囊藻毒素（Microcystins,MCs）为富营养化水体中最常见的藻类毒素,其在饮用水中的存在可以导致人类癌症,因此对人们的健康构成了严重威胁。本文介绍了微囊藻毒素的结构和理化性质,综合比较了目前微囊藻毒素的各种降解方法,包括物理法、化学法和生物法等,同时讨论了微囊藻毒素降解最新的研究进展。 相似文献
4.
5.
一般来说，原生动物对人类起着有益的作用。但是有些原生动物对于人类的危害作用也是十分巨大的。据报告，有28种原生动物是人体寄生虫，对人类健康带来不同程度的影响。全世界至少有四分之一人口得寄生原虫病。在我国被列入重点防治的五大奇生虫（血吸虫病、症病、丝虫病和韵虫病）中有两类是寄生原虫病：疟疾由疟原虫引起，黑热病由利什曼虫引起。此外，寄生虫对家禽和某些重要经济动物也有严重影响。几种寄生原生动物对人类、家禽的致病情况见表。原生动物对人类的影响@周晓冬$华东师范大学生物系!200062 相似文献
6.
采用富集微囊藻毒素的黑色大头鲢鱼为样品,对微囊藻毒素（microcystin-RR-,-LR）的提取、纯化和HPLC检测方法进行研究.实验建立了固相萃取（SPE）结合高效液相色谱（HPLC）分析水产品中痕量微囊藻毒素的方法,利用二极管阵列检测器在238nm进行检测.其中,微囊藻毒素的提取溶剂分别为5%乙酸、75%甲醇和正丁醇-甲醇-水溶液（1∶4∶15）,80%甲醇为洗脱溶剂.HPLC检测中的流动相为含微量三氟乙酸的55%甲醇溶液.研究结果表明,MC-RR的回收率为84.1%,MC-LR的回收率为89.9%.该法具有操作简便、灵敏度高、方法稳定的特点,适用于快速分析环境产品中的两种常见微囊藻毒素MC-LR和MC-RR. 相似文献
7.
吴利 《合肥师范学院学报》2014,32(6):65-68
2013年9月对合肥市13个景观水体浮游动物进行了调查.结果表明,合肥市景观水体中浮游动物共52属119种,其中原生动物18属53种,占浮游动物总物种数的45％;轮虫23属48种,占40％;枝角类8属14种,占12％;桡足类3属4种,占3％.整体而言,小型浮游动物包括原生动物和轮虫是各景观水体浮游动物种类数的主体,大部分优势种为耐污性种类.浮游动物的密度变化范围在1124～107524 ind· L-1,原生动物密度占浮游动物总密度的78.7％,是合肥市景观水体浮游动物密度的主体;生物量的变化范围在0.73～43.96 mg·L-1,轮虫生物量占浮游动物总生物量的64.4％,是合肥市景观水体浮游动物生物量的主体.本研究结果表明合肥市各景观水体均为中污染. 相似文献
8.
从太湖中成功筛选出一株能够同时降解微囊藻毒素-RR(MC-RR)和微囊藻毒素-LR(MC-LR)的土著细菌MC-LTH11.经鉴定,该菌属寡养单胞菌属,并含有mlrA基因.在含有藻毒素粗提物的培养基中,MCLTH11能够在6 d内将初浓度分别为37.13 mg/L的MC-RR和18.49 mg/L的MC-LR完全降解,并且降解速度受到pH值、温度、初始微囊藻毒素浓度和培养基种类的影响.此外,MC-LTH11能够在1 d内完全降解太湖水样中的微囊藻毒素.研究结果表明,寡养单胞菌MC-LTH11具备对微囊藻毒素污染水体的修复能力,并可能是太湖水华爆发后微囊藻毒素降解的重要因素. 相似文献
9.
2002年4、5月和9、10月分两次调查了雅砻江锦屏一级水电站及其影响区的浮游动物多样性概况.结果表明:雅砻江中、下游浮游动物由3门、4纲、11目、23科、28属、46种组成.其中原生动物31种,占总种数的67.39%;轮虫12种,占总种数的26.09%;节肢动物3种,占总种数的6.52%. 相似文献
10.
11.
针对硝基苯废酸提浓尾气处理装置存在的问题,结合废酸提浓尾气处理装置改造实例,分别采用水、未提浓混酸和氢氧化钠溶液、水和双氧水串级做吸收剂。结果表明：采用压缩法脱除有机物气体和加压法水吸收、双氧水两级串联吸收氮氧化物气体的方法,对于尾气中浓度为130000～190000mg／m^3的苯、17～38mg／m^3的硝基苯和30～90×10^4mg／m^3的氮氧化物的平均脱除率可达99％以上。 相似文献
12.
In this study, methanethiol(MT)-degradation bacteria were cultivated by using MT, methanol and trimethylamine as carbon sources under anaerobic conditions. It was found that the batch bacteria used MT and methanol as carbon sources grew faster than those used trimethylamine. The enriched bacteria used MT and methanol as the carbon sources were respectively inoculated in different biotrickling filters. The biological conversion performance of MT under anaerobic conditions was investigated in biotrickling filters. The results showed that the performance of the biotrickling filter inoculated with the bacteria enriched using MT was better than that inoculated with the bacteria enriched using methanol. When the inlet concentration of MT was 0.005vol%(50,ppm), the empty bed residence time was 50 s, p H value was 8.0, and the flow rate of the nutrient solution was 10 L/h, the removal efficiency of MT reached 95.3%. Adding methanol stimulated the growth of the biomass and the degradation of MT, but caused that some bacteria only degrading methanol outcompeted the bacteria only degrading MT. The concentration of sodium bicarbonate in the nutrient solution needed to be controlled lower than 30 g/L, otherwise, it would be harmful to the degradation of MT. 相似文献
13.
Chang HQ Yang XE Fang YY Pu PM Li ZK Rengel Z 《Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B》2006,7(7):521-531
Objective： This study was to assess the influence of interaction of combination of immobilized nitrogen cycling bacteria （INCB） with aquatic macrophytes on nitrogen removal from the eutrophic waterbody, and to get insight into different mechanisms involved in nitrogen removal. Methods： The aquatic macrophytes used include Eichhornia crassipes （summer-autumn floating macrophyte）, Elodea nuttallii （winter-growing submerged macrophyte）, and nitrogen cycling bacteria including ammonifying, nitrosating, nitrifying and denitrifying bacteria isolated from Taihu Lake. The immobilization carriers materials were made from hydrophilic monomers 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate （HEA） and hydrophobic 2-hydroxyethyl methylacrylate （HEMA）. Two experiments were conducted to evaluate the roles of macrophytes combined with INCB on nitrogen removal from eutrophic water during different seasons. Results： Eichhornia crassipes and Elodea nuttallii had different potentials in purification of eutrophic water. Floating macrophyte＋bacteria （INCB） performed best in improving water quality （during the first experiment） and decreased total nitrogen （TN） by 70.2%, nitrite and ammonium by 92.2% and 50.9%, respectively, during the experimental period, when water transparency increased from 0.5 m to 1.8 m. When INCB was inoculated into the floating macrophyte system, the populations of nitrosating, nitrifying, and denitrifying bacteria increased by 1 to 2 orders of magnitude compared to the un-inoculated treatments, but ammonifying bacteria showed no obvious difference between different treatments. Lower values of chlorophyll a, CODMn, and pH were found in the microbial-plant integrated system, as compared to the control. Highest reduction in N was noted during the treatment with submerged macrophyte＋INCB, being 26.1% for TN, 85.2% for nitrite, and 85.2% for ammonium at the end of 2nd experiment. And in the treatment, the populations of ammonifying, nitrosating, nitrifying, and denitrifying bacteria increased by 1 to 3 orders of magnitude, as compared to the un-inoculated treatments. Similar to the first experiment, higher water transparency and lower values of chlorophyll a, CODMn and pH were observed in the plant＋ INCB integrated system, as compared to other treatments. These results indicated that plant-microbe interaction showed beneficial effects on N removal from the eutrophic waterbody. 相似文献
14.
以（NH4）2SO4为唯一氮源,经富集培养、平板涂布分离及平板划线纯化、摇瓶复筛等方法,从当地养殖池水体中分离、筛选氨氮降解菌。根据形态学、生理生化特征分析,对其进行归属鉴定,并研究其降解特性。通过对初步鉴定归属为沙雷氏菌属（Serratia．sp）,命名为N-2的氨氮降解菌降解特性的研究,得到其最适降解条件：N-2利用（NH4）：S04作唯一氮源时,最适碳源为蔗糖,降解温度为32—37℃,pH为7．0。在最适条件下,当NH4＋-N初始质量浓度为50mg／L时,该菌培养至72h氨氮降解率可达97．4％。结果表明,该菌为高效氨氮降解菌,这种土著微生物在修复富营养化水体方面有较好的应用前景。 相似文献
15.
16.
Wan-min Ni Jian-ying Zhang Teng-da Ding R. Jan Stevenson Yin-mei Zhu 《浙江大学学报(A卷英文版)》2012,13(4):311-322
Understanding the pattern of phytoplankton and their dependence on water quality variables, can help the management of eutrophic
lakes. The aim of this study was to determine water quality and environmental factors associated with cyanobacteria dominance
and microcystin production in Qingshan Lake, a subtropical lake located in the headwater of the Taihu watershed, China. Water
samples collected monthly from 10 study sites in Qingshan Lake were analyzed for the species distributions of freshwater algae
and physico-chemical parameters including total nitrogen (TN), ammonia (NH4
+-N), nitrate (NO3
−-N), total phosphorus (TP), and chlorophyll a (Chl-a) from June, 2008 to May, 2009. Qingshan Lake was found to be eutrophic,
based on the calculated trophic state index (TSI). The average TN of 4.33 mg/L during the study period exceeded the Surface
Water Quality Standards of China. TP was significantly correlated with relative abundance of cyanobacteria and Microcystis biovolume, indicating its important role in regulating cyanobacteria. Microcystis, Anabaena, and Oscillatoria were dominant cyanobacteria in Qingshan Lake from June to November, 2008. Cyanobacteria dominance was regulated by water
temperature and TP. Principal component analysis further indicated that microcystin production was most affected by water
temperature, TP, and cyanobacteria biomass. Results suggest that the control of TP in summer can mitigate cyanobacteria dominance
and microcystin production in Qingshan Lake, and close monitoring should be undertaken in summer. 相似文献
17.
18.
通过对广西疟原虫新种（Plasmodiumguangxiensesp．nov．）、三趾鹑疟原虫新种（Plasmodiumturnixsp．nov．）的红内期有性体和无性体电镜观察，结果表明2种的超微结构与前人报导的已知种的超微结构基本一致． 相似文献
19.
原油降解菌的筛选及其降解性能研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
从茂名炼油厂附近长期被石油污染的土壤中分离出2株能够以原油为惟一碳源和能源的原油降解菌株,经鉴定分属假单胞菌属和芽孢杆菌属。进一步研究了2株菌原油降解特性及其影响因素,结果表明：2株菌5d原油平均降解率分别为42．8％和44．7％;在pH接近7．0,NaCI的质量浓度为10g/L,表面活性剂吐温-80的质量浓度为40mg／L时降解效果最佳。 相似文献
20.
微生物降解有机磷农药的研究进展 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
果蔬菜等农产品有机磷农药残留越来越严重,利用微生物降解有机磷农药,在改善环境和人们生活质量方面已显得经济而有效。本文就降解有机磷农药的微生物种类,降解机制及编码降解酶的相应基因,以及工程菌的构建作了综述。 相似文献