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Debora Bettiga Lucio Lamberti 《The Journal of High Technology Management Research》2017,28(2):179-187
The impact of cognitive and emotional factors on the customer's decision to adopt a new technology has long been at the core of innovation and marketing literature. Today, the proliferation of personal technologies makes the understanding of the adoption process of such innovations a vital issue. This article, moving from long-established technology adoption theories, integrates affective factors to propose a comprehensive framework to interpret and orient innovation and marketing approaches of companies. To do this, we review a rich literature from the domains of management, information systems, marketing and cognitive psychology, identifying six possible sources of perceived value for personal technologies, hence attitude to adopt them: functional value, monetary value, social value, entertainment value, epistemic value and aesthetic value. After defining and framing them in the extant literature, we discuss how the framework may be adopted in practice to support Companies' strategies in the surprisingly under-explored industry of personal technologies. 相似文献
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Science and security policy are increasingly overlapping because of concerns that legitimate research might be misapplied to develop biological weapons. This has led to an expansion of security policy to cover broad areas of research and scientific practice, including funding, publishing, peer-review, employment, materials transfer, post-graduate teaching and academics’ ability to design and perform experiments and disseminate research. Such changes raise policy concerns because many of the technologies used to produce biological weapons are ‘dual use’ and have legitimate peaceful applications. As a result, attempts to control their generation, diffusion or application can have unintended impacts on socially beneficial applications. This paper explores recent changes in the governance of science and technology and contributes to future policy making by assessing the relative merits of understanding the development of dual use policy in terms of either technology transfer or technology convergence. 相似文献
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Decision making is regarded as a key feature of managerial activity. As a result, a considerable amount of research activity has been undertaken that aims to enhance understanding and to improve on the decision‐making process within organizational settings. This research has been paralleled by a technological response in the development of information and communication technology that is heralded by many for its significant potential for improving decision making in terms of both efficiency and effectiveness. This paper examines the complex nature of decision making within organizations and examines the extent to which computer systems may provide effective managerial support in the face of increasing organizational complexity. 相似文献
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XML技术作为一门新兴技术,在许多领域都得到了广泛的支持并有着广阔的应用前景。作为数据表示的一个开放标准,XML语言给Web应用乃至网络计算注入了新的活力,其与HTML、SGML以及关系数据库之间的关系也是值得探讨的。本文通过＂基于XML的公交查询系统设计＂这样一个实例的制作来具体详细地阐述XML在Web上的广泛具体的应用。 相似文献
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In this paper we discuss the social and ethical issues that arise as a result of digitization based on six dominant technologies: Internet of Things, robotics, biometrics, persuasive technology, virtual & augmented reality, and digital platforms. We highlight the many developments in the digitizing society that appear to be at odds with six recurring themes revealing from our analysis of the scientific literature on the dominant technologies: privacy, autonomy, security, human dignity, justice, and balance of power. This study shows that the new wave of digitization is putting pressure on these public values. In order to effectively shape the digital society in a socially and ethically responsible way, stakeholders need to have a clear understanding of what such issues might be. Supervision has been developed the most in the areas of privacy and data protection. For other ethical issues concerning digitization such as discrimination, autonomy, human dignity and unequal balance of power, the supervision is not as well organized. 相似文献
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近年来,我国芯片产业成为关键核心技术“卡脖子”问题最突出的领域之一。本文基于奏效理论,对龙芯在CPU技术中实现阶段性突破的案例进行研究,探讨了芯片企业如何构建创新网络以实现关键核心技术突破的问题。研究发现：（1）企业在突破芯片“功能性-可靠性-性能性-兼容性”关键核心技术过程中面临着更复杂多变的网络环境。企业外部不确定环境及自身资源存量将影响其网络构建和技术突破的决策逻辑。初期主要基于奏效逻辑进行决策,后期遵循“因果-奏效”间断平衡逻辑进行综合性决策。（2）企业创新网络的构建及演化依次采用 “撬动-带动-联动”机制,整合资源以实现关键核心技术突破。据此,本文提出一个关键核心技术突破过程中企业创新网络构建及演化的机理模型,推进企业创新网络和关键核心技术突破研究,并为构建自主可控的信息技术产业体系提供管理启示。 相似文献
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Laura Díaz Anadón 《Research Policy》2012,41(10):1742-1756
In the first decade of the 21st century, governments in many countries around the world expanded or redesigned their support for the development and deployment of advanced energy-supply and energy-demand technologies. By analyzing the institutions that have been created to stimulate energy technology innovation in the United States, the United Kingdom, and China-three countries with very different sizes, political systems and cultures, natural resources, and histories of involvement in the energy sector-this paper highlights how variations in national objectives and industrial and political environments have translated into variations in policy. The analysis shows that the countries’ activities differ in terms of three general elements: whether the government's various activities are coordinated or autonomous, whether the business community is significantly involved in the design and running of the initiatives, and whether the implementing institutions focus on single or multiple missions and innovation types. These differences constitute different types of governments’ attempts to activate the state-industry innovation complex. The paper concludes with a discussion of the trade-offs involved in the design of systems for public support of energy RD&D, points to possible gaps in the government approaches to support energy RD&D, and highlights areas of future research. 相似文献
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Various technology innovations and applications have been developed to fight the coronavirus pandemic. The pandemic also has implications for the design, development, and use of technologies. There is an urgent need for a greater understanding of what roles information systems and technology researchers can play in this global pandemic. This paper examines emerging technologies used to mitigate the threats of COVID-19 and relevant challenges related to technology design, development, and use. It also provides insights and suggestions into how information systems and technology scholars can help fight the COVID-19 pandemic. This paper helps promote future research and technology development to produce better solutions for tackling the COVID-19 pandemic and future pandemics. 相似文献
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《Research Policy》2022,51(10):104598
The licensing of university technologies to private firms has become an important part of the technology transfer mission of many universities. An inherent challenge for the technology licensing of universities is that potential licensees find it difficult to judge the early stage technologies and their ultimate commercial value. We reason that patent litigation against universities can have unintended signaling effects about the commercial value of its technologies and results in increased licensing income for the university. We ground this hypothesis in theory integrating signaling mechanisms from patent enforcement research into theoretical models explaining university technology licensing. Within our logic, the public and costly nature of patent litigation against universities creates strong, credible signals to potential licensees about the technologies of a university even if the signal was not created for that specific purpose. We isolate the signaling mechanism that is central to our theorizing by exploring two moderation factors that reveal additional information to potential licensees, i.e. the licensing track-record of the university and whether the lawsuit involves private firms as co-defendants. We test our theory with a unique dataset of 157 US universities and the 1408 patent infringement cases in which they were involved as defendants over the period 2005–2016. Results show that defending against claims of patent infringement enhances technology licensing revenues, particularly when universities are already adept at licensing technology and when they are co-defendants with private firms. 相似文献
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基于中国2003-2010年省域面板数据,以信息化发展指数(IDI)作为门槛变量,构建面板数据门槛回归模型,实证检验技术获取型FDI溢出对技术进步的作用效果。结果表明:人力资本、研发投入是长期推动我国技术进步的重要因素。区域信息化发展不均衡,东部地区门槛值最高,中部地区门槛值最低且呈现集中趋势,西部地区门槛值跨度最大。随着信息化水平的提升,全国与西部地区的技术获取型FDI溢出对技术进步的促进作用呈现出"两头高、中间低"且明显增强的趋势,东部地区呈现稳步增强的促进趋势且贡献率最高,中部地区的抑制作用正逐渐减弱。 相似文献
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使用演化博弈研究方法解释技术标准演化的动态过程,预测市场均衡将会到达什么状态以及如何到达。研究结论如下:(1)技术标准的兼容性越强,产品让渡价值在竞争中的作用就越大;兼容性越弱,网络效用在竞争中的作用就越大。(2)引起市场演化的总效应可以分为增长效应与竞争效应,在市场增长阶段,增长效应起主导作用;在市场饱和阶段,竞争效应起主导作用。(3)当两种技术的让渡价值相差很大且兼容性很强时,具有较大让渡价值的技术总是抢夺竞争对手的用户,不论市场的初始状态如何,具有较大让渡价值的技术都将会占领市场。(4)当两种技术的让渡价值相差不大而兼容性较弱时,初始状态占优的技术会抢夺竞争对手的用户,初始状态的优劣由让渡价值与兼容性共同决定。 相似文献
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We apply a cognitive lens to understanding technology trajectories across the life cycle by developing a co-evolutionary model of technological frames and technology. Applying that model to each stage of the technology life cycle, we identify conditions under which a cognitive lens might change the expected technological outcome predicted by purely economic or organizational models. We also show that interactions of producers, users and institutions shape the development of collective frames around the meaning of new technologies. We thus deepen our understanding of sources of variation in the era of ferment, conditions under which a dominant design may be achieved, the underlying architecture of the era of incremental change and the dynamics associated with discontinuities. 相似文献
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战略环境影响评价的理性范式思考 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
SEA是以提高战略决策质量为目标的技术辅助工具,以标准化的程序方法模式来进行决策的环境影响识别、预测和评价,以物理环境的技术研究为侧重。然而,因为战略本身的复杂性和政治特征,有学者认为,SEA应该更侧重于提供不同利益团体共识达成的平台,在形式上具备对决策背景的可适应性和灵活性,不应该以标准化来僵化自身。有关两种模式的争论与目前学术界对工具理性、价值理性、非理性和交往理性的争论不无渊源。借用理性范式这个视角对SEA的两种模式进行深层思考,分析两种模式的各自长短之处,寻找互补的可能性,期望能够对SEA的发展提供可供借鉴的观点。 相似文献
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Although industrial and consumer videodisc technology has been available since 1978, information providers are now just beginning to explore the possibilities of using videodisc and optical disk technology as publishing media. Firms involved in the design, development, and delivery of information products and services are looking at these technologies as new business opportunities and distribution channels. The areas in which information providers are using videodisc and optical disk technology are covered briefly. 相似文献
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Employing the literature on IT governance and the structuration theory of technology assimilation, this research develops a conceptual model to examine decision execution mechanisms of IT governance in post-adoption stages of CRM diffusion, i.e. CRM use, impacts on business processes, and impacts on firm performance. While the literature mainly addresses the forms and contingencies of IT governance structures for decision making, we focus on IT governance mechanisms for decision execution, that is, the role of top management, business managers and IT managers in post-adoption stages of technology diffusion and how these groups are held accountable for their role. We conceptualize decision execution mechanisms of IT governance as including two dimensions: vertical advocacy from top management and horizontal coordination between business and IT managers. Decision execution mechanisms are assumed to facilitate CRM use and value creation. We analyze a dataset of 82 Chinese firms to examine the model and associated hypotheses. Our results show that: (1) decision execution mechanisms, including both vertical advocacy and horizontal coordination, significantly contribute to the three stages of CRM diffusion; (2) vertical advocacy has a notably greater effect on CRM use and firm performance gains than horizontal coordination, which has a greater effect on process gains. (3) CRM use creates operational and strategic benefits in customer-oriented business processes, which further improves firm performance. These findings have important implications for understanding how IT governance shapes the diffusion of CRM technology. 相似文献
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为政府提供决策支持服务是我国科技情报机构的一项核心功能和核心业务。本文基于地市科技情报机构现状,分析了决策支持服务与情报研究的关系和发展机会。并通过对乐山市科学技术情报研究所政府决策支持服务的典型案例分析,探索了科技情报机构决策支持服务的成功方法、社会价值和激励效应,供科技情报机构借鉴和参考。 相似文献
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