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肌酐是磷酸肌酸快速供能系统的终产物,几乎全部经尿排出。尿肌酐日排出量与短跑、举重等速度、快速力量专项的关系十分密切。在适当控制膳食及运动量时,健康者在一段时间内的尿肌酐日排出量相当稳定,逐日测定的变异系数C.V.小于8％。因此,尿肌酐日排出量是一项能间接反映体内磷酸肌酸代谢水平、变异性较小的生化指标。 相似文献
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本工作在分析肌酸—磷酸肌酸—肌酐代谢途径的基础上,首次从理论上推导出尿肌酐日排出量方程:C_r=19.1W·S·r_(cp) 35.4W·S 4W[C_r—尿肌酐目排出量(m_g),W—体重(k_g),S—骨骼肌占体重的比例(％),r_(cp)—骨髂肌中磷酸肌酸/(磷酸肌酸 肌酸)(％)]由此方程出发,本文阐明了尿肌酐与体内磷酸肌酸库的定量关系;分析了尿肌酐日排出量与肌酐系数的生理意义;探讨了肌酐测试用于骨骼肌重量测定与科学训练的理论基础。 相似文献
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本文通过观察一年前后尿肌酐系数及100米游泳成绩的变化,探讨该系数与游泳运动能力的关系,从而评定年间非乳酸能训练效果。本文认为尿肌酐系数的增长与100米游泳成绩的提高关系密切。 相似文献
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少年游泳运动员代谢能力的生化评定 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
通过对广东省少年儿童游泳运动员尿肌酐系数、血乳酸最高浓度和无氧阈游速的测定,评价他们的代谢能力。结果表明：一级运动员的无氧和有氧代谢能力均明显比二级运动员好,建议对低等级运动员在加强有氧耐力训练的基础上,优先发展磷酸原供能能力,并做好定期的评定监测工作,以便及时调整运动负荷和强度 相似文献
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李秋萍 《沈阳体育学院学报》1992,(2)
对30名参加第六届冬季运动会的优秀运动员比赛前后尿中某些生物活性物质的研究表明:应激状态下尿每分钟儿茶酚胺(CA)、3—甲氧—4—羟苦杏仁酸、17—羟类固醇等排出量显著增加,尿肌酐明显下降(P<001),尿素氮每分排出量男子升高,而女子则有下降趋势。 相似文献
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Damir Zubac Tomislav Antelj Dragana Olujic Vladimir Ivancev Shawnda A. Morrison 《Journal of sports sciences》2017,35(8):719-726
This study investigated (i) the prevalence of hypohydration and (ii) association between urinary indices of hydration status and confounding factors (e.g., urine protein content, water intake) in elite youth boxers during their weight-stable phase before competition. Sixteen national champion boxers (all male, 17 ± 1 y) were measured on 3 occasions (baseline, day 3, day 10), 30-day prior to competition. Body mass, total body water, urine specific gravity (USG), osmolality (UOSM) and total protein content (TPC) were evaluated to determine hydration status and fluid balance. Overall macronutrient and water intake were assessed using dietary records. Both UOSM and USG increased from day 3 to day 10 by 16% and 0.4% (P < 0.001), despite athletes being in their weight-stability period, and regardless of ad libitum fluid intake. Hypohydration was universally prevalent among all athletes on both test days with USG: 1.027 ± 0.003 g · mL?1 and UOSM: 1035 ± 108 mOsmol · kg?1. An inverse association between mean UOSM values and mean water intake was observed (R = ?0.52, P = 0.04), while TPC was not associated with any urinary dehydration markers (USG, P = 0.51; UOSM, P = 0.61). The present outcomes find that the most prevalent urinary dehydration markers used to classify hydration status in competition exhibit large variability, even during weight-stable periods. 相似文献
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The aim of this study was to assess over time the hydration status of taekwon-do athletes during a preparatory camp. Measures of urine osmolality, conductivity, specific gravity and colour were made on the first urine sample passed by the participants (n = 32) in the morning before breakfast. The urinary measurements were made on samples collected at the beginning of the camp, 5 days later and one day before competition. Body mass was also measured at the same instants. Body mass (mean +/- s) was essentially the same on each of the measurement days (62.6 +/- 12.2, 62.7 +/- 12.3 and 62.2 +/- 12.6 kg, respectively). Mean urine osmolality at the beginning of the camp was relatively high (998 +/- 171 mOsmol . kg-1), suggesting that a significant number of the athletes were already hypohydrated. However, no significant differences were detected in urine osmolality at the three time points during the study. There were no significant differences in any of the four methods of urine analysis during the study (P > 0.05). The average values for all samples were 989 +/- 205 mOsmol . kg-1 for osmolality, 25.5 +/- 6.7 mS . cm-1 for conductivity, 1.017 +/- 0.010 g . cm-3 for specific gravity and 4 +/- 1 arbitrary units for colour. Correlation analysis between the different methods suggested moderately good agreement (correlation coefficient = 0.5-0.7) between all four measurement techniques (P < 0.01). The coefficients of variation for these techniques were relatively low (CV = 11.8 - 35.0%). The results of this study suggest that some of the taekwon-do athletes were slightly hypohydrated in the morning on each of the test days, but there was no evidence to suggest that most of the athletes further restricted their fluid intake to make weight. In addition, it appears that each of the four methods used gave essentially the same estimate of hydration status of these athletes. 相似文献
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This study investigated the changes in urinary neopterin, a biochemical marker of cellular immune activity, in elite male rowers undertaking a progressive increase in training prior to Olympic competition. Twenty‐seven male rowers of the 1992 Great Britain team provided daily urine samples for a 4‐week period of training that included 17 days of altitude training and 10 days of heat acclimatization. The mean (± s.d.) ratio of neopterin/ creatinine in urine increased from pre‐training values of 135 ± 32 to a peak of 219± 121 μmol neopterin per mol creatinine on day 19 of training (P < 0.05). Changes in the ratio of neopterin/creatinine with training were found to be transient and highly variable between subjects, ranging from no change to peak values five‐fold greater than baseline. On the basis of the in vivo measurement of cell‐mediated immunity employed in this study, we conclude that elite athletes engaged in high‐intensity training prior to competition show either no change or a moderate increase in cellular immune activation. 相似文献
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高校散打运动员赛前训练尿10项值的变化分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
文章通过观察高校散打运动员赛前训练尿10项值的变化，对运动员机能状况、恢复能力进行监测和评估，同时对10名散打运动员进行赛前10天测试晨尿、散打专项训练及体能训练运动后新鲜尿液测定。采用英国Bayer公司生产的半自动化尿十项分析仪及其配套试纸按其说明进行检测。结果显示：受试运动员阳性反应指标高低依次为，尿蛋白79．1％（晨尿72．0％、运动后85．0％）、尿潜血30．0％（晨尿12．0％、运动后45．0％）、尿酮体5．5％（晨尿2．0％、运动后8．0％）和胆红素5．5％（晨尿6．0％、运动后5．0％）；尿比重〉1．030超过1／3。表明高校散打运动员赛前尿10项指标反应具有范围广、程度高的特点。 相似文献
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蛋白尿是肾功能不全的早期表现。许多学者认为，长期蛋白尿可作为独立的致病因子引起肾损伤的加重。运动性蛋白尿是蛋白尿的一种表现，有人已提出大强度运动出现蛋白尿可能是肾脏损害的趋势。本文主要分析蛋白尿分子机制的研究近况．旨在推动运动性蛋白尿分子机制的研究。 相似文献
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通过对2007年夏训期间山东省优秀游泳队员进行为期8周的跟踪测试，每周一晨起安静状态下采血液、尿液测试，选取血液指标中的肌酸激酶和尿液指标中的尿蛋白进行皮尔逊相关系数检验，得出两者的相关系数r=0．628，二者之间存在较高相关性，值得进一步的研究和探讨。 相似文献
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运动对去势大鼠成骨细胞OPGmRNA表达的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
研究目的：探讨运动时去势雌性大鼠成骨细胞骨保护素(osteoprotegerin，OPG)表达变化的影响并讨论其在骨代谢变化中的意义。研究方法：24只4月龄雌性大鼠随机分为3组：正常时照组、去势组、去势后运动组。去势后运动组和去势组均行双侧卵巢切除，去势后运动组大鼠卵巢切除后在跑台上进行中等强度运动(18m／min，1h／day，5d／week)10周。10周后处死动物时血钙、血骨钙素、尿肌苷、尿羟脯氨酸进行检测；时股骨骨髓基质干细胞进行成骨细胞诱导培养，细胞培养至14天抽提细胞内总RNA，RT-PCR方法半定量检测各组细胞OPG基因mRNA表达量。主要结果和结论：去势组大鼠血钙、尿羟脯氨酸／肌苷均高于时照组，去势后运动组与时照组比较，上述指标无统计学差异。血骨钙素在3组之间无统计学差异。去势组大鼠OPG基因mRNA表达显著低于对照组，去势后运动组与时照组相比差异无显著性。雌激素缺乏导致骨吸收增强，运动可以抑制去势大鼠的骨吸收增强。雌激素缺乏后骨髓微环境中OPG基因mRNA表达降低，运动抑制去卵巢大鼠的骨吸收亢进可能与促进骨髓微环境中OPG基因表达有关。 相似文献
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Abstract The aim of this study was to assess over time the hydration status of taekwon-do athletes during a preparatory camp. Measures of urine osmolality, conductivity, specific gravity and colour were made on the first urine sample passed by the participants (n = 32) in the morning before breakfast. The urinary measurements were made on samples collected at the beginning of the camp, 5 days later and one day before competition. Body mass was also measured at the same instants. Body mass (mean ± s) was essentially the same on each of the measurement days (62.6 ± 12.2, 62.7 ± 12.3 and 62.2 ± 12.6 kg, respectively). Mean urine osmolality at the beginning of the camp was relatively high (998 ± 171 mOsmol · kg?1), suggesting that a significant number of the athletes were already hypohydrated. However, no significant differences were detected in urine osmolality at the three time points during the study. There were no significant differences in any of the four methods of urine analysis during the study (P > 0.05). The average values for all samples were 989 ± 205 mOsmol · kg?1 for osmolality, 25.5 ± 6.7 mS · cm?1 for conductivity, 1.017 ± 0.010 g · cm?3 for specific gravity and 4 ± 1 arbitrary units for colour. Correlation analysis between the different methods suggested moderately good agreement (correlation coefficient = 0.5–0.7) between all four measurement techniques (P < 0.01). The coefficients of variation for these techniques were relatively low (CV = 11.8 – 35.0%). The results of this study suggest that some of the taekwon-do athletes were slightly hypohydrated in the morning on each of the test days, but there was no evidence to suggest that most of the athletes further restricted their fluid intake to make weight. In addition, it appears that each of the four methods used gave essentially the same estimate of hydration status of these athletes. 相似文献
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研究目的:探讨了一次性递增负荷力竭运动前后及恢复期不同院系学生血清和尿液中自由基代谢的变化规律。方法:采用运动实验和生化分析相结合的方法,选用山西大学体育教育系(实验组)和普通系(对照组)学生为受试对象,在sensormedics2900心肺功能仪上以50W为强度起点,每3min增加50W运动至力竭。生化分析于运动前、运动后即刻及次日晨采样并经处理后用丙二醛(MDA)和超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)试剂盒进行测定。结果:血液指标较尿液指标对运动负荷的反应要灵敏准确。实验组相对对照组血清SOD动员迅速,酶活性变化明显。尿液SOD两组变化趋势不完全相同。血清MDA两组变化趋势类同,但尿液MDA两组变化差异显著(P<0.05)。各状态下血清和尿液的同一指标相关不明显。结论:实验组在运动能力及代谢水平方面均占一定优势。用尿液指标反映此类运动引起的体内自由基代谢变化有失偏颇,应选用血液指标更为准确可靠。 相似文献