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1.
Diversity has been an important topic of research for some time in higher education, though the purposes underlying this attention have varied across national and regional contexts. In many parts of the world, the term diversity has been emphasized with regard to variety among the programs or services provided by academic institutions, and differences among the types of institutions themselves. It is particularly important to discuss whether different dimensions of diversity may influence the degree of effectiveness of higher education (HE) in fulfilling its contribution and relevance to economic and social development. We are particularly interested in analyzing whether unitary or binary systems present significant differences in different dimensions of diversity that may be relevant to enhance higher education institutions’ (HEIs) contribution to territorial cohesion, notably by enhancing the local stock of human capital and contributing to the social and cultural development of their regions. Therefore, we propose the following research questions: *Are there relevant patterns regarding different dimensions of diversity between unitary and binary HE systems? *In the case of binary systems, is it possible to find relevant differences in different dimensions of diversity between universities and more vocational HEIs? By looking at these questions, we aim at contributing both to the literature on HE institutional diversity and to the study of the role played by HEIs on regional development. 相似文献
2.
Kun-Tzu Yu 《Assessment & Evaluation in Higher Education》2012,37(8):949-961
As the competition increases in higher education, how to improve teaching quality to promote educational performance becomes a significant issue. Many higher educational institutions (HEIs) make efforts to establish a feedback system to monitor and reflect the outcomes of teaching evaluations. This study aimed to describe the use of the Six-Sigma DMAIC (Define, Measure, Analyse, Improve, and Control) procedures and the Importance-Performance Analysis (IPA) method to implement a feedback system step by step. The study proposed some useful instruments to illustrate how evaluations of teaching can be simple and objective by using a questionnaire, how to detect the disadvantages on teaching, and the decision strategy to prioritise disadvantages that are in need of corrective action. HEIs may use these instruments to establish an effective feedback system. 相似文献
3.
Kalwant Bhopal 《British Educational Research Journal》2020,46(3):500-515
Inequalities continue to exist in higher education, with Black and minority ethnic (BME) academics less likely to be professors or occupy senior decision-making roles compared to their White colleagues. In order to increase BME representation in senior decision-making roles, specific programmes targeted at BME groups have recently been introduced in higher education institutions (HEIs). This article draws on research carried out on two such programmes in England. By using principles of critical race theory (CRT), I argue that racism continues to play a key role in the lack of BME groups in senior leadership roles and that such programmes benefit HEIs rather than contributing to a commitment to inclusion, equity and creating a diverse workforce. Furthermore, such programmes work for the benefit of HEIs to perpetuate and reinforce White privilege, rather than addressing structural inequalities. 相似文献
4.
Along with the “massification” of higher education in China since the late 1990s, the issue of quality and excellence appeared
at the top of China’s higher education agenda. Since faculty evaluation of teaching is one of the major approaches adopted
by China’s higher education sector to pursue quality and excellence, it is valuable to examine the effectiveness of faculty
evaluation of teaching practices adopted by the Chinese higher education institutions (HEIs). Study of current literature
reveals some similarities and differences between the faculty evaluation of teaching policies and practices between Chinese
and American higher education sectors. This paper examines the specific practices adopted by some top-tier Chinese HEIs and
American elite colleges and universities, summarizes and analyzes the major differences and similarities of faculty evaluation
of teaching practices between these two countries’ top-tier HEIs, and discusses the applicability of the American models to
the Chinese setting of higher education. Finally, a set of best practices regarding faculty evaluation of teaching are proposed
for Chinese HEIs. 相似文献
5.
就中国高等教育的质量建设而言,评价有功,但绝非万能,当高等教育进入普及化时代之后,教育评价的方向、方式和方法亦需相应调整,必须规避盲区,明确标的,分辨因果,调整重心,评判有据,谨慎作为。既知其可为,亦知其不可为。面对有生命的教育活动和动态的院校行为,必须知道有的评不了,有的不能评,有的无需评,有的小心评。去繁就简之后,教育评价方能够规避副作用而更好地践履其推动教育进步的使命。 相似文献
6.
我国高等教育资源区域分布的变化及其政策含义 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
高等教育资源的空间配置是一个国家内部不同区域经济社会发展差距的重要原因之一。本文在总结前人研究分析的基础上,运用首位规模、首位比和分布系数等一系列指标对我国1997年和2002年的高等教育、人口、经济和城市资料进行了实证分析。通过比较我们发现:(1)我国高等教育资源的空间布局在行政区内的分布状况仍基本保持原有的不均衡状态。表现在2002年与1997相比,各行政区内首位规模急剧扩大,同时,首位比超过0.5的城市数量增加;从分布系数的指标来看,各行政区内相对于人口分布高等教育资源分布不均衡的现象比较严重;高等教育各行政区内相对经济发展水平而言高等教育的资源分布比较均衡。除了个别省份外,从1997年到2002年,分布系数各项都没有大的变化,只是略有波动。(2)我们考虑了高等教育质量因素后,对高等教育资源在行政区内的分布状态有一定影响。最后,本研究为我国高等教育空间布局调整提供了相应的参考建议。 相似文献
7.
Patterns of participation in higher education (HE) in the UK, as elsewhere, have been marked by social inequalities for decades. UK Governments have responded with a plethora of policies and agendas aimed at addressing this broad social issue. However, little is known about how higher education institutions (HEIs) interpret and ‘enact’ these policies in relation to institution-specific contexts. Drawing on concepts from policy sociology this paper examines how HEIs in one nation state, Wales, enact its Government’s policy on ‘widening access’ to higher education. Interviews with a range of ‘policy actors’ along with analyses of institutional ‘widening access’ policy documents, reveal divergences between HEIs in how this policy agenda is interpreted and delivered. These differences reflect institution-specific contexts – not least their internal politics and assumptions about the type of students they admit, but also their interests and priorities in relation to their positions within a global, marketised, HE system. The implications of this for the reproduction of university hierarchies in the UK, as well as social inequalities more generally are brought to the fore. 相似文献
8.
Melissa James-MacEachern 《Journal of Marketing for HIGHER EDUCATION》2013,23(2):247-265
The purpose of this research is to explore international student recruitment at higher education institutions (HEIs) by examining the development and implementation of international recruitment activities. There is little research regarding the internal operations of HEIs, how HEIs conduct international recruitment efforts, and the challenges that international recruiters encounter. This study finds that although national policy frameworks vary by country, the practice of international recruitment remains remarkably similar amongst the case study institutions. It further suggests that regardless of rankings, HEIs are facing commodification within the international student recruitment market. Furthermore, it suggests that institutions may improve their recruitment activity by addressing role clarity, improving coordination, differentiating their offerings, and ensuring flexibility to respond to market forces. 相似文献
9.
Jian-hua Hu 《Frontiers of Education in China》2006,1(3):402-416
After the founding of the People’s Republic of China, the administrative system of higher education then was characterized
as “centralized”, “Tiao and Kuai” were segmented (some higher education institutions were directly administered by provincial
governments, and some were affiliated to the relative administrative departments of the state) and higher education institutions
(HEIs) were government-run. The reform in the administrative system of higher education launched in the 1980s broke down the
segmentation of “Tiao and Kuai”, and changed it into a new administrative system emphasizing the role of the provincial governments
(“Kuai-oriented mode”). Thus, HEIs gained more autonomy and tremendous changes have taken place in the relation between HEIs
and the government. However, weakening the government’s administrative control over HEIs and readjusting government-HEIs relations
are still the main concerns in reforming the administrative system of Chinese higher education.
__________
Translated from Journal of Nanjing Normal University (Social Science), 2005 (4) 相似文献
10.
How does globalisation interact with higher education? The continuing lack of consensus 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Anneliese Dodds 《比较教育学》2008,44(4):505-517
This essay attempts to ascertain whether a particular meaning of globalisation, and view on its effects and the appropriate response to it, are becoming standardised across academia. To do so, it content‐analyses a representative sample of new scholarship, mapping the various approaches of current researchers towards globalisation. The essay shows how globalisation remains a contested concept within studies of higher education, as in many other fields. Rather than globalisation being taken to refer unambiguously to global flows, pressures or trends, its meaning continues to depend on the particular perspective adopted by contemporary researchers. The same conflict is apparent concerning the impacts which are reputed to globalisation and with regard to the appropriate response to globalisation amongst academics and higher education institutions (HEIs) more generally. Perhaps the only apparent point of consensus amongst contemporary researchers is the claim that globalisation affects HEIs, rather than HEIs themselves being implicated in the promotion of globalisation. This position underplays the often important role of HEIs in encouraging cross‐border flows and pressures, and global trends such as marketisation. 相似文献
11.
我国民办高等学校区域分布、时间变化及其影响因素分析 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
民办高等学校数是衡量我国民办高等教育发展状况的一个重要指标。以往的研究证明,经济发展和公立高等教育发展是影响民办高等教育发展的两个重要因素。本文建立了以民办高等学校数为因变量,以GDP和公立普通高等学校数为自变量的回归模型,并利用我国31个省、自治区和直辖市2002年、2005年和2006年的有关数据,对回归模型进行了统计分析,结果表明民办普通高等学校区域分布及其时间变化受GDP及其变化的显著影响;独立学院区域分布受公立普通高等学校数的显著影响;民办高等学校区域分布及其时间变化同时受GDP和公立普通高等学校数及其变化的显著影响。以市为单位进行的分析发现,以省为单位的分析结果会低估公立普通高等学校对于民办普通高等学校的积极影响。 相似文献
12.
13.
Adults who enrol in higher education institutions (HEIs) often have contributions that could serve in enhancing the planning and implementation of their programmes. Importantly, while terms such as active learner engagement and knowledge co-creation dominate adult learning discussions, there are unanswered questions pertaining to how adult learners negotiate co-ownership of their learning. The current empirical study explores the relevant factors that could enhance adult learners’ involvement in negotiating co-ownership of learning in a higher education setting. A mixed method of gathering and analysing data from adult learners (n?=?200) was followed. While structural equation modelling (SEM) served as the quantitative data analysis method, codes, categories and themes developed from the focus group discussions and interviews were used to analyse the qualitative data. The study revealed that negotiating co-ownership of learning among adult learners in HEIs is influenced by the level of engagement and adult learners’ acquisition of relevant core knowledge and skills. The authors discuss the implications of the results by reflecting on the pluses of negotiating co-ownership of learning at the institutional and classroom levels while also showing how the lack of these provisions could hinder effective learning among adult learners. 相似文献
14.
Malaysia is a newly industrialized market economy and reliant upon foreign direct investment to increase its economic outlook. Being located in a strategic position between Asia, Australasia and Oceania has made it an attractive proposition for foreign higher education providers wanting to expand their international presence. Despite this, there are many market and regulatory challenges facing foreign providers operating as private higher education institutions (HEIs) within Malaysia. To gain a competitive edge they must clearly understand how the many cultures, values, norms, behaviors, and mindsets within Malaysia can be used to drive strategy. Unfortunately, very little is known about Malaysian perceptions of private HEIs compared to public HEIs. By drawing upon utility theory, the aim of this research is to construct a scale for measuring brand identity of HEIs in Malaysia. Data from a sample of 371 students from private and public HEIs in Malaysia were collected and analyzed using structural equation modeling to form a two-factor measurement model consisting of visual and verbal identity cues. Tests of differences were performed, which showed dimensions such as distribution channel, public relations, promotion, core service, price, and system having significant differences between private and public HEIs. 相似文献
15.
英国高等教育问责制及其启示 总被引：20，自引：0，他引：20
问责制是政府部门及社会机构或个人监督公立高校资源使用情况和效果的一项重要手段,它在英国高等教育管理体制中发挥着重要作用。在“以顾客为中心”的时代,高等学校需要回应各种各样的利益相关者的问责要求。然而,由于不同的利益相关者所提出的利益诉求不同,对各种不同的要求作出回应也给高校带来了不必要的负担。为了解决这一难题,英格兰高等教育基金委员会提出了有效问责的四个原则,并在实践中取得了良好的效果。 相似文献
16.
The recognition of the key role and moral responsibility of higher education institutions (HEIs) in cultivating the environmental literacy (EL) of their students is growing globally. The current research examined the contribution of HEIs to their students’ EL by focusing on an Israeli college as a case-study. A survey was conducted among a representative sample of 1147 students from all departments in four phases of their academic studies. A moderate level of EL was found. The college’s green agenda attracted more pre-environmentally literate students, but its contribution to the development of students’ EL throughout the learning years was minor. Variation in pro-environmental behavior was better explained by students’ environmental values and attitudes than by their environmental knowledge. It seems that a combination of knowledge, values, and attitudes is needed in order to instill EL among students in HEIs. Commitment to environmental education must be translated into effective contents (what) and ways of teaching and learning (how) EL, which should be adapted to the varied populations of HEIs’ students in the various faculties and departments. Some recommendations are detailed. 相似文献
17.
民办高等教育财政资助是当前学术界的热点问题,资助的目的是消除可能产生的市场失灵和志愿失灵,促进教育公平和教育发展。根据营利与否对民办高校进行分类管理是我国民办高等教育发展的现实需要。在分类管理机制下,对非营利民办高校的税收优惠和财政资助可参照公办高校;对营利民办高校的资助重点面向受教育者,同时可选择专项补贴和适度税收优惠。 相似文献
18.
Simon Marginson 《Frontiers of Education in China》2017,12(2):233-260
World-Class Universities (WCUs) are nationally embedded comprehensive higher education institutions (HEIs) that are closely engaged in the global knowledge system. The article reviews the conditions of possibility and evolution of WCUs. Three interpretations are used to explain worldwide higher education: neoliberal theory, institutional theory, and critical political economy, which give greater recognition than the other theories to the role of the state and variations between states. World higher education is evolving under conditions of globalization, organizational modernization (the New Public Management), and in some countries, marketization. These larger conditions have become manifest in higher education in three widespread tendencies: massification, the WCU movement, and organizational expansion. The last includes the strengthening of the role of the large multi-disciplinary multi-purpose HEIs (“multiversities”), in the form of both research-intensive WCUs with significant global presence, and other HEIs. The role of binary sector and specialist HEIs has declined. Elite WCUs gain status and strategic advantage in both quantity and quality: through growth and the expansion of scope, and through selectivity and research concentration. The balance between quantity and quality is now resolved at larger average size and broader scope than before. The final section of the article reviews WCUs in China and considers whether they might constitute a distinctive university model. 相似文献
19.
This article investigates the current state of faculty research activity within Tajik higher education institutions (HEIs), where the level of research productivity has substantially decreased in the past three decades. As part of a larger ethnographic study on professional lives of Tajik faculty members, we investigated and found enormous challenges to conducting research and becoming active researchers reported by our respondents. We analyze and discuss how such issues may challenge the development of higher education in the country. 相似文献
20.
Reviewing the massification of higher education in China in the last two decades, this article critically examines how the education markets have emerged and developed in China through engagements with three major minban HEIs for addressing different development needs of the country. More specifically, this article discusses 1) the rise of minban (people-run) higher education developed by different local social forces; 2) the invitation of overseas universities to co-develop transnational education programmes for meeting citizens’ pressing demands for higher education; 3) the engagements of leading institutions from overseas for research capacity advancement. Through the analysis of these different types of non-state-run HEIs, we would appreciate how the Chinese government has skilfully transformed its higher education systems through the tactical adoption of neoliberal practices for education market formation in the country. The present article also reflects upon the unique university governance model in China, clearly revealing how state-university relationship has been affected by the unique and strong historical, political, and institutional traditions of the country. 相似文献