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基于2003-2015年中国省级面板数据,使用DEA-Malmquist模型测算了中国制造业全要素生产率的变动,并实证检验了智能化对于全要素生产率的影响。Malmquist测算结果表明：中国制造业全要素生产率在研究期内年均增长8.2%,且技术进步贡献了主要的全要素生产率的增长;制造业全要素生产率的增长存在明显的区域异质性,西部地区增长最快,其次是东部地区和中部地区。实证结果表明：智能化显著促进了全要素生产率的增长,且智能化是通过促进技术进步增长的方式实现对全要素生产率的促进作用,智能化对制造业技术效率没有明显的促进作用;智能化显著促进了中西部地区制造业全要素生产率的增长,且对西部地区促进作用更大,但对东部地区没有显著的促进作用。 相似文献
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运用随机前沿技术实证分析了市场化水平对我国技术效率的具体影响。分析结果指出:1.市场化对于我国技术效率的影响具有明显的区域差异性,东部地区技术效率水平比中西部地区较高,但差距在缩小,我国省际间的技术效率不平衡状态有所缓解;2.市场化对技术效率的当期以及长期影响为正,即技术效率存在时间效应。3.分解的市场化因素:政府与市场化水平、非国有经济比重、产品市场的发育程度与市场中介组织的发育和法律制度环境等方面对技术效率影响较显著。 相似文献
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以1991~2007年中国大陆29个省级地区面板数据为基础,采用外生性影响因素与随机前沿生产函数模型联合估计的方法(SFA一步法),测算了中国各地区物流业技术效率,考察了人力资本、制度、政府干预、开放程度及产业结构等环境因素对物流业技术效率的影响。主要发现有:考察期间中国物流业技术效率仍处于较低水平,地区间存在差异,且在扩大;政府干预、国有率阻碍技术效率提升,但负面影响在减小;人力资本、开放程度促进技术效率提升,但由于二者存在交互影响使得它们对物流效率的作用在中、西部地区明显弱于东部地区;"西部大开发"战略的实施,使得产业结构调整对该地区物流效率的促进作用变为显著;就物流发展环境而言,中部地区存在"塌陷"现象;改善物流环境对促进地区协调发展有重要意义。 相似文献
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本文利用1998-2008年中国29个省市高校与企业的面板数据,以产学联合申请专利数为产出变量,通过构建随机前沿知识生产函数,探究了“模式Ⅱ”情境下应用导向、跨学科研究、参与者异质性、组织多样性对知识生产效率的影响,并对比分析了区域间知识生产的平均效率及影响因素的边际效应。研究表明：我国区域知识生产效率水平的格局为：东部＞中部＞西部;“模式Ⅱ”情境下企业的人才与资金投入对知识生产有显著的正向影响,而高校知识存量对产学合作中的知识生产贡献度更高,并且该过程具有规模报酬递减的属性;应用导向等影响因素对知识生产效率均有显著的正向影响,但是存在区域与时效上的差异性,应用导向与参与者异质性对东部地区的边际影响较大,东部地区企业参与知识生产的边际效果高于中西部地区,政府介入产学合作对中西部地区知识生产具有长效的正向影响。 相似文献
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选取2010—2016年我国各省区市经济增长、创新能力等指标建立面板数据库,实证分析私募股权投资基金对区域创新能力的影响效应。研究发现:我国私募股权投资基金对区域创新能力具有一定的促进作用;企业创新能力和创新绩效对区域创新能力有着显著的正影响,而知识获取能力和创新环境对区域创新能力有着显著的负影响;创新绩效对中、西部地区创新能力有着正影响,知识获取能力对中、西部地区创新能力有着负影响。提出地方政府增强区域创新意识和服务能力、大力发展私募股权投资基金、优化创新创业环境,高新技术企业完善内部治理、优化产业结构、提高外资使用率等建议。 相似文献
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我国区域知识生产效率测度研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本文以我国30个省份为载体，对其1998--2005年知识生产效率及其变化率进行了测度，并基于区域层面进行了分析。结果表明：我国东、中、西三大区域的知识生产效率呈依次递减状态；东部地区各省份知识生产效率差异较大、中部地区各省份差异较小；我国知识生产效率有轻微下降，其中东部地区知识生产效率下降主要源于技术效率的降低，而中部和西部地区知识生产效率下降则主要源于技术进步率的降低。 相似文献
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文章基于2012—2021年我国的省级面板数据,利用固定效应模型的OLS回归方法并选取创新投入和创新产出指标,从绿色产品和绿色工艺创新角度出发,探究了环境规制强度对于高新技术产业绿色创新水平的影响机理,并采用分组回归和似无相关模型分析了东、中和西部地区环境规制强度对于高新技术产业绿色创新水平影响的差异性。结果显示：环境规制对高新技术产业绿色工艺创新和绿色产品创新在全国和地区层面上具有显著的正向影响,对西部地区绿色工艺创新的促进作用明显强于东部和中部,而对于中部和西部地区绿色产品创新的促进作用则明显强于东部地区。 相似文献
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理论上人力资本对技术创新的进步有着重要影响,但经验分析的结论并不一致。实质上,人力资本对技术创新的作用与所研究地区的经济发展、创新模式等都息息相关。本文运用面板数据分析研究了教育人力资本以及分级教育人力资本对中国地区技术创新的影响差异。回归结果证实：无论是东部、中部和西部地区,教育人力资本对技术创新的作用系数都显著为正;分级教育人力资本中,只有高级人力资本对区域技术创新具有促进作用,初级人力资本与区域技术创新之间呈负相关,而中级人力资本只有在西部地区对技术创新起到积极促进作用。 相似文献
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Marjorie Armstrong-Stassen Margaret Landstrom Ramona Lumpkin 《The Information Society》1998,14(2):153-164
This study examined how students who had no prior experience with videoconferencing would react to the use of videoconferencing as an instructional medium. Students enrolled in seven different courses completed a questionnaire at the beginning of the semester and again at the end of the semester. Students at the origination and remote sites did not differ in their reactions toward videoconferencing but there was a significant difference for gender. Women reacted less favorably to videoconferencing. Compared to the beginning of the semester, students reported significantly less positive attitudes toward taking a course through videoconferencing at the end of the semester. There were no significant differences in students' attitudes toward videoconferencing across courses at the beginning of the semester but there were significant differences across the courses at the end of the semester. The results suggest the need for better preparation for both students and instructors. 相似文献
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A joint study by Prof. ZHANG Zhibin from the CAS Institute of Zoology his co-workers from Norway US Swiss have indicated that historical outbreaks of migratory locusts in China were associated with cold spells suggesting that China's projected climate warming could decrease the pest's numbers. The study was published in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences on September .…… 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):6-7
Ajoint study by Prof. ZHANG Zhibin from the CAS Institute of Zoology and his co-workers from Norway, US and Swiss have indicated that historical outbreaks of migratory locusts in China were associated with cold spells, suggesting that China＇s projected climate warming could decrease the pest＇s numbers. The study was published in Proceedings of theNational Academy of Sciences on 17 September, 2007. 相似文献
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Caroline Haythornthwaite 《The Information Society》2001,17(3):211-226
A computer-mediated group is a complex entity whose members exchange many types of information via multiple means of communication in pursuit of goals specific to their environment. Over time, they coordinate technical features of media with locally enacted use to achieve a viable working arrangement. To explore this complex interaction, a case study is presented of the social networks of interactions and media use among members of a class of computer-supported distance learners. Results show how group structures associated with project teams dominated who communicated with whom, about what, and via which media over the term, and how media came to occupy their own communication niches: Webboard for diffuse class-wide communication; Internet Relay Chat more to named others but still for general communication across the class; and e-mail primarily for intrateam communication. Face-to-face interaction, occurring only during a short on-campus session, appears to have had a catalytic effect on social and emotional exchanges. Results suggest the need to structure exchanges to balance class-wide sharing of ideas with subgroup interactions that facilitate project completion, and to provide media that support these two modes of interaction. 相似文献
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《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):2-3
CAS should stick to the principle of rendering service to, and giving impetus for, the development of China＇s science enterprise by making S＆T innovations, said CAS President LU Yongxiang. The CAS president made the remarks in a recent talk to communicate the gist of the winter session of the Party＇s Leading-member Group at CAS, which was held from 7 to 11 January in Beijing. 相似文献
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Electronic data interchange (EDI) provides means for interorganizational communication, creates network externalities, requires an advanced information technology (IT) infrastructure, and relies on standards. In the diffusion of such innovations, institutional involvement is imperative. Such institutions contain governmental agencies, national and global standardization organizations, local government, and nonprofit private organizations like industry associations. The last type of organizations we call intermediating institutions. They intermediate or coordinate ("inscribe") the activities of a group of would-be adopters. Unfortunately, little is known of how these organizations shape the EDI diffusion trajectory. In this article we examine one specific type of intermediating organizations?industry associations?and how they advanced the EDI diffusion process in the grocery sectors of Hong Kong, Denmark and Finland. We identify six institutional measures, placed into a matrix formed by the mode of involvement (influence vs. regulation) and the type of diffusion force (supply push vs. demand pull), that can be mobilized to further the EDI diffusion. Industry associations were found to be active users of all these measures to varying degrees. Their role was critical especially in knowledge building, knowledge deployment, and standard setting. Furthermore, institutional involvement varied due to policy and cultural contingencies and power dependencies. 相似文献
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《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1)
With great care, Dr. ZHOU Zhonghe takes out a package wrapped by cotton tissue from a drawer and says: "This is the gem of our collections: the fossil of a bird that lived 125 million years ago!" Then, pointing at a tiny mound, he explains: "Look, this is the claw and that is the head. It was in the egg shell and ready to hatch ... The species fell into a family of waterside inhabitants." 相似文献
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Puay Tang 《The Information Society》1998,14(1):19-31
The increasing prospects of digital piracy has prompted the perceived need by electronic publishers to adopt technical systems of protection, and governments to reform their copyright laws. This article is a preliminary study of the management of intellectual property by electronic publishers, defined as those involved in the production of online databases, and CD-ROMs. It focuses on three main issues: (1) how electronic publishers view the increasing threat of piracy; (2) the methods of protection employed to protect intellectual property in digital format; and (3) the importance of technological protection of intellectual property in electronic publications. The analysis is based on a sample of 23 UK electronic publishers. The interviews revealed an interesting assortment of protection methods and did not show that technological protection was a preferred way. Instead, the means of protection, in addition to copyright law, comprised niche markets, pricing, trust, bad publicity, and nontechnical and technical means. 相似文献
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Milton Mueller 《The Information Society》2001,17(3):151-163
Long-standing conflict between domain name registrants and trademark holders prompted the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN) to create a global, mandatory arbitration procedure known as the Uniform Dispute Resolution Policy (UDRP). The UDRP has been used in 2166 cases involving 3938 domain names as of 1 November 2000. The policy gives the initiator of a complaint, generally a trademark holder, the right to choose which ICANN-accredited dispute resolution service provider (RSP) will handle the case. During the preparation of the UDRP,some feared that complainant selection would lead to "forum shopping" that might bias the results. This article performs a statistical assessment of the forum-shopping thesis and finds support for it. There are statistically significant differences in the various RSPs' propensity to take away names from defendants; there are also major differences in the number of cases brought to each RSP. RSPs who take away names have the larger share of cases. The study examines other variables that might explain differences in market share, such as price, the plaintiff's nationality, or the time taken to decide a case. It finds that nationality and time also are correlated with market share. The study concludes that shopping for a favorable outcome is an important factor in the UDRP. 相似文献
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Prof. Raymond C.K. Chen a neuropsychologist with the CAS Institute of Psychology has made novel progress in his studies of schizophrenia. His work has been reported by a recent issue of Behavioural Neurology.…… 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):15-15
Prof. Raymond C.K. Chen, a neuropsychologist with the CAS Institute of Psychology, has made novel progress in his studies of schizophrenia. His work has been reported by a recent issue of Behavioural Neurology. 相似文献
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《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2014,(3)
<正>In Xishuangbanna,one of China’s most biodiverse regions,landscape has changed dramatically during the past three decades due to the conversion of tropical rainforest to rubber plantations.In steep areas,terraces are often constructed before planting rubber trees,which causes two important changes in the soil:the destabilization of soil in the bench terraces and the increased vulnerability of unvegetated riser faces to erosion.Few studies have documented the nature and intensity of erosion on bench terraces.Prof.LIU Wenjie and his colleagues from the Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden(XTBG)conducted a study in Menglun County(21°5′39″N,101°15′55″E),Xishuangbanna to evaluate the influence 相似文献