共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 46 毫秒
1.
Vijetha Shenoy Veena Mehendale Krishnananda Prabhu Ranjan Shetty Pragna Rao 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2014,29(3):339-344
Coronary artery disease (CAD) has become the most common cause of mortality in the entire world. Homocysteine is implicated as an early atherosclerotic promoter. We studied the relationship between levels of serum homocysteine with severity of coronary artery disease. Total of 70 subjects who scheduled for coronary angiogram consented to participate in this study. In all the patients Gensini scoring system was used to assess the severity of CAD. Venous samples were taken from the patients in fasting state before angiography. Homocysteine levels in patients were measured by enzyme linked immunosorbant method and were compared with respective Genseni scores of participants. Fasting serum homocysteine levels in CAD patients were significantly higher than patients without coronary artery disease (p < 0.001). Also Homocyseine levels correlated significantly with increasing severity of CAD (p < 0.001). Serum homocysteine levels correlated well with the severity of CAD. 相似文献
2.
Keld Laursen 《Research Policy》2010,39(5):687-697
This paper investigates the role of Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) related knowledge flows for international market shares. Using bibliometric data on scientific publications, we analyse the relationship between the strength of 14 OECD countries in four ICT-related scientific fields and the ability of those countries to maintain and acquire export market shares in the OECD market, across 16 manufacturing industries over the period 1981-2003. We find that domestic and foreign ICT-related scientific knowledge flows have a positive and significant impact on export market shares in ICT industries, while only domestic flows positively affect export shares in non-ICT industries. We also find that small open economies benefit more than other countries from foreign knowledge flows both in ICT and in non-ICT industries. 相似文献
3.
Fariborz Ahmadi Yousef Mortazavi Koorosh Fouladsaz Saeede Mazloomzadeh 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2016,31(3):315-320
Atherosclerosis is a pathologic disorder which has an important role in the occurrence of coronary heart disease. It is determined as a focal, inflammatory proliferative response to several types of endothelial damage. Apolipoprotein B which is a requirement in the sustenance of cholesterol homeostasis, and is the major protein component of low density lipoprotein, characterized by multitude polymorphic sites, one of which (12669G>A) is related to the levels of serum lipid profiles, coronary artery disease and/or myocardial infarction. One Common polymorphism which is more important in this process is 12669G>A that is appraised in this research. We recruited 80 patients from the Mousavi hospital, Zanjan, Iran, diagnosed with coronary artery disease by the clinician on the basis of clinical symptoms, echocardiogram result, and angiography. Seventy-seven healthy individuals without any evident symptoms of Coronary stenosis and any past history of the disease were taken as controls from the general population. We carried out PCR using specific primers. Then, we digested PCR product by RFLP. Lipid parameters by biochemical methods and Apolipoprotein B serum level by immunoturbidometry method were done. Genotype frequencies for 12669G>A polymorphism were determined: 55 % R+R+, 45 % R+R? in case group, and 55.8 R+R+, 44.2 % R+R? in controls. The R?R? genotype was not seen. There was no significant relationship between this polymorphism and the risk of Coronary stenosis (P = 0.6). In the present study, higher plasma levels of cholesterol and low density lipoproteins in the subjects with R+R? genotype were found while there was no association between this polymorphism and coronary stenosis with ≥50 % in the Zanjan population. 相似文献
4.
Sturdy S 《Social studies of science》2007,37(5):659-689
This paper examines the scientific work of the Laboratory of the Royal College of Physicians of Edinburgh from its foundation in 1887 to 1920. It looks in particular at the pivotal role of clinical cases in the work of the Laboratory, using the concept of 'triangulation' to analyse how cases served both as objects of scientific knowledge and as sites for articulating and aligning the concerns of medical practitioners and career scientists. It goes on to propose a general model for thinking about the role of cases in scientific knowledge production, based on a rereading of Kuhn as seen through the lens of the sociology of scientific knowledge. It concludes with some general reflections on how this analysis of the work of the Laboratory helps us to rethink the relations between basic and applied medical science in the period before the emergence of modern biomedicine. 相似文献
5.
《Research Policy》2019,48(9):103834
This study empirically examines the association between the extent of emerging technological ideas in a scientific publication and its future scientific impact measured by number of citations. We analyze metadata of scientific publications in three scientific domains: Nano-Enabled Drug Delivery, Synthetic Biology, and Autonomous Vehicles. By employing a bibliometric indicator for identifying and quantifying emerging technological ideas – as derived terms from the titles and abstracts – we measure the extent to which the publication contains emerging technological ideas in each domain. Then, we statistically estimate the size and statistical significance of the relationship between the publication-level technological emergence score and the normalized number of citations accruing to the publication.Our analysis shows that the degree to which a paper contains technologically emerging ideas is positively and strongly associated with its future citation impact in each of the three domains. An additional analysis demonstrates that this relationship holds for citations from other publications, both in the same field as, and in different fields from, the scientific domain of the focal publication. A series of tests for validation further support our argument that the greater the extent to which scientific knowledge (a paper) contains emerging ideas, the bigger its scientific impact. Implications for academic researchers, research policymakers, and firms are discussed. 相似文献
6.
应用知识生产与基础知识生产的特征性差异——基于中国省际的面板数据分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
运用Eviews6.0软件,基于2003~2007年中国29个省市的面板数据,对应用知识生产与基础知识生产进行实证分析,结果表明两者存在特征性差异。应用知识生产具有较高的产出弹性,基础知识生产的产出弹性则较低;各省市应用知识的生产能力与经济发展水平没有必然的联系,而基础知识的生产能力与经济发展水平具有一定的相关性。政府要针对应用知识生产与基础知识生产的特征,分别采取适当的措施,建设和形成基础知识生产与应用知识生产相互促进的强大的自主创新体系,推动中国经济的可持续发展。 相似文献
7.
8.
《Research Policy》2023,52(9):104870
We posit that a communications gap exists between universities and commercial organizations, attributed to their idiosyncratic goals, interests, and incentives. To bridge this gap, universities need to recognize and leverage observable differences in the strength of signals and the width of channels used to disseminate their scientific knowledge externally. We explore these ideas by analyzing knowledge dissemination and academic engagement activities in 133 UK universities in the period 2011–2019. Our analysis shows that universities with a lower scientific impact have a higher intensity of collaborative research, contract research, and consultancy activities if they communicate that impact through more prominent scientific outlets. In turn, universities with a higher scientific impact have a lower intensity of interaction with commercial organizations if they communicate their scientific impact through less prominent scientific outlets. We further reveal that universities with a higher economic impact show a higher intensity of collaborative research. At the same time, we find no evidence that the social impact generated by universities is linked to the intensity of university-industry interaction, no matter the channels through which that impact is communicated. Using these findings, we draw implications for practice and policy. 相似文献
9.
Although the validity of knowledge is critical to scientific progress, substantial concerns exist regarding the governance of knowledge production. While research errors are as relevant to the knowledge economy as defects are to the manufacturing economy, mechanisms to identify and signal “defective” or false knowledge are poorly understood. In this paper, we investigate one such institution - the system of scientific retractions. We analyze the universe of peer-reviewed scientific articles retracted from the biomedical literature between 1972-2006 and comparing with a matched control sample in order to identify the correlates, timing, and causal impact of scientific retractions. This effort provides insight into the workings of a distributed, peer-based system for the governance of validity in scientific knowledge. Our findings suggest that attention is a key predictor of retraction - retracted articles arise most frequently among highly-cited articles. The retraction system is expeditious in uncovering knowledge that is ever determined to be false (the mean time to retraction is less than two years) and democratic (retraction is not systematically affected by author prominence). Lastly, retraction causes an immediate, severe, and long-lived decline in future citations. Conditional on the obvious limitation that we cannot measure the absolute amount of false science in circulation, these results support the view that distributed governance systems can be designed to uncover false knowledge relatively swiftly and to mitigate the costs that false knowledge for future generations of producers. 相似文献
10.
医学期刊是医学信息传播的重要载体,也是医学信息交流的主要依据,随着现代医学事业的快速发展,医学期刊的重要性日益突出,大部分医务人员都是通过医学期刊来获得本专业的科学动态以及前沿知识,因此对医学期刊的质量要求较高。广大编辑工作者的知识结构以及专业素养是确保医学期刊的关键,作为一名优秀的医学期刊编辑工作人员不仅应具备纵向的医学专业知识,同时还要求具备与医学相关的各类横向知识,拥有综合的知识结构体系。笔者结合自己多年来工作经验,就医学期刊编辑人员应具备的纵向性与横向性知识素养提出了自己的观点。 相似文献
11.
【目的/意义】中医医案中包含的隐性知识具有巨大的价值,通过数据挖掘技术对中医医案进行分析,挖掘
临床医案中的隐性知识,有利于知名中医个人知识经验的传承和中医理论知识的积累和拓展。【方法/过程】收集中
医医案中患者的主诉和现病史,并对主诉和现病史进行数据清洗,通过基于cart算法的数据挖掘技术挖掘中医医案
中的隐性知识,探究病症与患者症候各个属性之间的关系。【结果/结论】本文以胃脘痛为例,发现了胃脘痛与患者
症候各个属性之间的相关程度,为数据挖掘技术在中医医案隐性知识挖掘研究提供借鉴。【创新/局限】本文采用的
cart算法判断胃脘痛与患者属性之间的相关性与医案中确诊结果进行比较,得出该方法相关性准确率高于ID3算
法、C4.5算法和SLIQ算法,判断相关性最高。 相似文献
12.
13.
以广州市三甲医院科研团队为研究对象,基于医学项目的独特特征,构建提升医学科研项目双元绩效的战略框架,探讨医学团队知识动态能力与医学科研项目双元绩效之间的关系.212份问卷的调查结果表明,知识动态能力(感知、构建与重构能力)显著正向影响医学科研项目双元绩效;但项目复杂性在两者之间的调节作用却显著不同,对医学科研项目的公益性绩效呈正向调节,而对经济性绩效却呈显著的负向调节作用.在理论上,本文识别出医学科研项目的经济性与公益性双元绩效指标,并验证公益性绩效的重要性.在实践上,建议科研项目拟资助单位应重视医学项目的公益性绩效,科研项目拟立项单位应重视发展医学科研团队的知识动态能力,医学团队在科学研究上以满足公众健康需求为宗旨. 相似文献
14.
15.
Whereas recent scholarly research has provided many insights about universities engaging in commercial activities, there is still little empirical evidence regarding the opposite phenomenon of companies disseminating scientific knowledge. Our paper aims to fill this gap and explores the motivations of firms that disclose research outcomes in a scientific format. Besides considering a dimension internal to the firm, we focus particularly on knowledge sourcing from academic institutions and the appropriability regime. We conduct an econometric analysis with firm-level data from the fourth edition of the French innovation survey (CIS) and matched scientific publications for a sample of 2512 R&D performing firms from all manufacturing sectors. This analysis provides evidence that firms are more likely to adopt academic principles if they need to access scientific knowledge that is considered important for their innovation development, whereas the mere existence of collaborative links with academic institutions is not a strong determinant. Furthermore, the results suggest that the inclination of firms to publish is sensitive to the level of knowledge spillovers in a sector and the effectiveness of legal appropriation instruments. 相似文献
16.
Kent J 《Public understanding of science (Bristol, England)》2003,12(4):403-421
This paper discusses the controversy around breast implants in the United States and Europe. It focuses on the emergence of consumer and support groups for women and offers an analysis of the role they have played in recent policy developments in UK and Europe. The politics of breast implants is seen as a politics of knowledge in which scientific expertise has consistently been deployed in ways that minimize the credibility and legitimacy of women's accounts of their bodies and illness experiences. These women have been doubly disadvantaged in a policy debate that turns on scientific controversy and uncertainty. This implies a gendered dynamic to the changing relations of knowledge and expertise. The paper contributes to an understanding of the relations between regulators, manufacturers, users, and clinicians in the global medical device industry and to wider debates around the public understanding of science. 相似文献
17.
《Information processing & management》2023,60(4):103405
Various keyword network methods are used to map scientific fields, but few studies have considered the semantic roles of keywords in such networks. This study proposes a term function–aware keyword citation network to fill this research limitation. Specifically, we first used a term function identification method to identify research questions and methods from scientific articles. Then, we constructed a question-method term citation network to represent the correlation structure of keywords. Next, we explored the topology characteristics, question-method bipartite network, and knowledge community structure of the generated network to validate its superiority in science mapping analysis. A dataset of 299,567 conference proceedings collected from the Association for Computing Machinery (ACM) digital library is used to evaluate the effectiveness of our methods. The results show that the term function identification model based on Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers (BERT) achieves a score of 0.90 F1. And the question-method term citation network outperforms existing keyword citation methods in revealing association patterns between scientific knowledge and improving the interpretability of the knowledge structure of the computing field. We believe that our work expands the methodology of keyword citation network and science mapping analysis and provides guidance for considering the term function in various scenarios. 相似文献
18.
Federica Saliola 《Research Policy》2009,38(2):369-381
This paper combines insights from different streams of literature to develop a more comprehensive framework for the analysis of knowledge transfer via value chain relationships. We integrate the existing literature in three ways. First, we consider value chain relationships as a multi-facet process of interaction between buyers and suppliers, involving different modes of knowledge transmission and development. Second, we assess whether and to what extent value chain relationships are associated with the presence of multinationals and with their embeddedness in the host economy. Third, we take into account the capabilities of local firms to handle the technology as a factor influencing knowledge transfer through value chain relationships. Using data on 1385 firms active in Thailand in 2001-2003, we apply a multinomial logit model to test how the nature and intensity of multinational presence and the competencies of local firms affect the organization of international knowledge transfer. We find that knowledge intensive relationships, which are characterized by a significant transmission of technical and organizational competencies along the value chains, are positively associated with the presence of global buyers in the local market, with the efforts of MNCs to adapt technology to local contexts, and with the technical capabilities of domestic firms. By contrast, the age of subsidiaries and the share of inputs purchased locally appear to increase the likelihood of value chain relationships with a lower technological profile. 相似文献
19.
20.
《Information processing & management》2020,57(3):102225
Wikipedia, also known as "The Free Encyclopaedia”, is one of the largest online repositories of biomedical information in the world, and is nowadays increasingly been used by medical researchers and health professionals alike. In spite of its rising popularity, little attention has been devoted to the understanding of how such medical information is organised, and especially how it evolves through time. We here present an analysis aimed at characterising such evolution, with a focus on the effects that such dynamic may have on an automated knowledge extraction process. For that, we start from a data set comprising a large number of snapshots of Wikipedia's disease articles, and the corresponding diagnostic elements as provided by the DISNET project (disnet.ctb.upm.es). We then track and analyse how different metrics evolve through time, such as the total article length or the number of medical terms and references. Results highlight some expected facts, as for instance that most articles increase their content through time; and that hot topics, as Alzheimer's disease, attract the highest number of editions and views. On the other hand, relevant behaviours are observed for less well-known diseases, including abrupt changes in the text and the concentration of contributions in a handful of editors. These results stress the importance of using correctly filtered and up-to-date datasets, and more general of considering the temporal evolution of the information in Wikipedia. 相似文献