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In today’s marketplace, firms participating in a supply chain are required to work collaboratively to quickly respond to market and consumer demands. To understand how firms may effectively achieve supply chain collaboration, this paper presents an empirical study using a moderated mediation model that explores the effects of formal contract, e-business strategic alignment (including intellectual and operational alignment) and the degree of competition on collaboration in demand-driven supply chain. Using data from a survey of IT and business executives in 209 firms, we discover that formal contract has a positive effect on supply chain collaboration through intellectual and operational alignment. In addition, the positive mediating effect of operational alignment is stronger under a higher degree of competition. Although there is no moderated mediation effect in the path of formal contract-intellectual alignment-supply chain collaboration, the degree of competition shows a negative moderated effect on the relationship between formal contract and intellectual alignment, and a positive moderated effect on the relationship between intellectual alignment and supply chain collaboration. Learnings from this study contribute to supply chain management literature, and provide a comprehensive view of the governance and strategic antecedents of supply chain collaboration under various environmental circumstances. 相似文献
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在制造业企业创新驱动时代背景下,本文基于组织行为理论,探索了制造业企业期望绩效反馈效果对企业技术创新效果的影响,并在此基础上结合公司发展理论和产品市场理论探讨了公司发展方式与产品市场竞争的情境效应以及二者的联合情境效应。以制造业A股2001-2014年的面板数据对理论假设进行检验,结果显示：企业期望绩效反馈效果对企业技术创新效果产生正向影响;相比于外延型的发展方式而言,企业选择内涵型的发展方式更有利于推动企业的技术创新活动;而产品市场竞争在一定程度上也能够增强这种正向影响;最后,公司内涵型发展方式与产品市场竞争的联合情境效应对企业技术创新效果同样具有正向的调节作用。 相似文献
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集群内企业通过集群内部商业和政治网络获取信息类和资产类资源进行技术创业。本研究围绕以下三个问题探究集群内网络关系对企业技术创业的影响机理: 集群内网络关系对企业技术创业是否存在影响,如何产生影响,以及恶性竞争的调节作用。基于浙江省6个集群的实证研究显示：第一,集群内商业和政治网络均对企业技术创业有显著的正向影响,且前者比后者的影响更大。其中：商业网络仅有助于信息类资源的获取,政治网络仅有助于资产类资源获取;第二,信息类资源获取在商业网络对企业技术创业的影响中起部分中介作用,资产类资源获取在政治网络对企业技术创业的影响中起完全中介作用;第三,恶性竞争在商业网络对企业技术创业的影响中起负向调节作用,而在政治网络对企业技术创业的影响中的调节作用并不显著。 相似文献
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《Information processing & management》2023,60(4):103403
Most of the existing GNN-based recommender system models focus on learning users’ personalized preferences from these (explicit/implicit) positive feedback to achieve personalized recommendations. However, in the real-world recommender system, the users’ feedback behavior also includes negative feedback behavior (e.g., click dislike button), which also reflects users’ personalized preferences. How to utilize negative feedback is a challenging research problem. In this paper, we first qualitatively and quantitatively analyze the three kinds of negative feedback that widely existed in real-world recommender systems and investigate the role of negative feedback in recommender systems. We found that it is different from what we expected — not all negative items are ranked low, and some negative items are even ranked high in the overall items. Then, we propose a novel Signed Graph Neural Network Recommendation model (SiGRec) to encode the users’ negative feedback behavior. Our SiGRec can learn positive and negative embeddings of users and items via positive and negative graph neural network encoders, respectively. Besides, we also define a new Sign Cosine (SiC) loss function to adaptively mine the information of negative feedback for different types of negative feedback. Extensive experiments on four datasets demonstrate the proposed model outperforms several existing models. Specifically, on the Zhihu dataset, SiGRec outperforms the unsigned GNN model (i.e., LightGCN), 27.58% 29.81%, and 31.21% in P@20, R@20, and nDCG@20, respectively. We hope our work can open the door to further exploring the negative feedback in recommendations. 相似文献
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高照军 《科学学与科学技术管理》2016,(8):116-125
企业集团的国际化程度对创新绩效具有双重效应。探讨了高新技术企业国际化程度与创新绩效的关系。研究发现企业集团与非企业集团隶属公司相比,呈现出不同机制。一方面,企业集团的国际化持续地促进创新绩效提高;另一方面,企业集团减缓了国际化对创新绩效的促进作用。以国家高新区企业为样本,研究首先发现国际化程度与创新绩效之间的倒U型关系。但集团公司呈现正向关系,此为企业集团正向效应。然而,集团公司特性对"国际化—创新绩效"关系具有负向调节,此为企业集团的负向效应。 相似文献
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市场竞争中的网络外部性效应:理论与实践 总被引：18，自引：0，他引：18
本文研究了存在网络外部性的市场结构以及竞争特征。研究结果表明在存在网络外部性的市场中由于存在多重均衡以及正反馈效应,因此往往表现出赢家通吃的市场格局,并且对用户基数以及互补性产品的管理将是决定市场竞争的关键。最后,本文通过VCR产业中VHS与Beta的竞争案例来研究网络外部性在市场竞争中的重要地位。 相似文献
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Open innovation is often facilitated by strong intellectual property rights (IPRs), but it may also function, and even be boosted, when firms deliberately waive some of their IPRs. Extant literature has pointed out the potential benefits of such behavior, but falls short of explaining what triggers firms to practice it in the first place and to maintain or extend it. Since the waiving of IPRs runs counter to common views on strategy and competition and to engrained practices, this is a non-trivial question. To address it, we conduct an empirical study in a segment of the computer component industry which traditionally has taken a rather proprietary stance. With the advent of the open source operating system Linux, firms increasingly waived their IPRs on software drivers. We trace and analyze this process using both qualitative and quantitative methods. Our results indicate that component makers went through a learning process, which led some to realize how selectively waiving IPRs may be beneficial for their business. We uncover customer demand pull as the initial trigger and observe how a positive feedback loop sets in subsequently, leading to a further increase in the use of selective revealing. Overall, we find that openness develops into a new dimension of competition. We discuss the implication of our findings for research on open innovation and highlight how they impact managers in practice. 相似文献
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技术创新溢出的乘数效应与加速效应研究 总被引：7，自引：2，他引：7
技术创新中的溢出效应,是技术创新外部性的典型特征。本文在技术创新溢出效应理论的基础上,提出了技术创新溢出的乘数效应与加速效应,这种溢出效应产生的原因主要归于创新的示范与模仿效应和竞争效应。通过进一步分析乘数效应与加速效应的技术创新源以及产生的正、负经济效应,得出知识创新产权制度安排的重要性。 相似文献
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本文基于48家制造企业的402份有效样本数据,采用跨层次分析中的阶层线性模型(HLM),探讨了商业模式创新、员工吸收能力和创新合法性的关系。研究结果表明:(1)员工吸收能力中的辨识与共享构面、个人投入构面对商业模式创意与商业模式应用的影响皆达到显著性水平,理解与整合构面对商业模式应用的影响达到显著性水平;(2)实用合法性对商业模式创意的影响达到显著性水平,认知合法性对商业模式应用的影响达到显著性水平;(3)实用合法性与认知合法性在个人投入与商业模式创意的关系中的调节作用分别达到显著性水平。 相似文献
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企业如何获取、管理和利用自己的信息,将决定着企业在市场竞争中的输赢。竞争情报正是企业获取、管理和利用信息的有效方式,它是一套科学、系统的方法,它的出现使企业对信息的管理进入了一个崭新的阶段。它可以把信息(in-formation)转化成企业的智能(intelligence),成为企业在竞争中的锐利武器。而企业竞争力是众多企业所追求的终极目标,研究竞争情报对企业竞争力的影响,更有效地利用竞争情报提升企业竞争力,对竞争情报的研究,对企业寻求长期发展都具有积极的意义。 相似文献
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基于Web2.0时代创新团队边界呈开放性发展,团队创造易受外部负反馈干扰,而学术界缺乏团队创造力外部影响因素研究的背景,本文在"激发型信息处理"视角下剖析不同类型外部负反馈联合团队内部特性(合作目标相依性)对团队创造力的影响,提出相应研究假设;运用层次回归法,针对实验研究中收集的97个团队的有效数据进行假设检验,最终得到有利于推动团队创造力外部影响因素理论发展的研究结果:控制型负反馈对团队创造力的新颖性维度产生负向影响,该影响受到合作目标相依性的削弱(即负向调节);信息型负反馈对团队创造力的新颖性维度和有效性维度均产生正向影响,该影响受到合作目标相依性的增强(即正向调节)。 相似文献
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This paper presents an extended state observer-based output feedback adaptive controller with a continuous LuGre friction compensation for a hydraulic servo control system. A continuous approximation of the LuGre friction model is employed, which preserves the main physical characteristics of the original model without increasing the complexity of the system stability analysis. By this way, continuous friction compensation is used to eliminate the majority of nonlinear dynamics in hydraulic servo system. Besides, with the development of a new parameter adaption law, the problems of parametric uncertainties are overcome so that more accurate friction compensation is realized. For another, the developed adaption law is driven by tracking errors and observation errors simultaneously. Thus, the burden of extended state observer to solve the remaining uncertainties is alleviated greatly and high gain feedback is avoided, which means better tracking performance and robustness are achieved. The designed controller handles not only matched uncertainties but also unmatched dynamics with requiring little system information, more importantly, it is based on output feedback method, in other words, the synthesized controller only relies on input signal and position output signal of the system, which greatly reduces the effects caused by signal pollution, measurement noise and other unexpected dynamics. Lyapunov-based analysis has proved this strategy presents a prescribed tracking transient performance and final tracking accuracy while obtaining asymptotic tracking performance in the presence of parametric uncertainties only. Finally, comparative experiments are conducted on a hydraulic servo platform to verify the high tracking performance of the proposed control strategy. 相似文献
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刘海潮 《科学学与科学技术管理》2011,32(1)
冗余资源在企业战略变化过程中既可能呈现积极动因角色,也可能呈现消极效应角色;而战略变化路径是两种角色交替出现的主要动力.基于业务战略竞争维度的变化方式,提出通过两阶段假设来分析、验证战略变化路径形式同冗余资源角色表现之间的关系,即"竞争维度数量变化同冗余资源角色表现之间关系"的基本假设和"具体路径形式同冗余资源角色表现之间关系"的细分假设.数据分析表明,如果企业战略变化单纯表现为竞争维度收缩,则冗余资源突出表现为效应角色;如果企业战略变化表现为在原竞争维度基础上的竞争基点扩张,则冗余资源突出表现为动因角色;如果企业战略变化表现为竞争基点总体收缩,同时伴随新竞争维度引进,则冗余资源同时表现为两种角色,但效应角色更突出. 相似文献
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信息技术革命带来商业竞争情报战争，商业秘密作为知识产权的一种重要形式，越来越成为竞争者不正当竞争情报攫取的核心对象。本文通过介绍不正当竞争情报与商业秘密的涵义、异同点，阐述了我国企业保护商业秘密的途径。从而，为建立诚实信用的公平竞争市场秩序提供参考。 相似文献
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本文分析了高管团队异质性、网络能力与商业模式调适之间的关系,进而探讨了高管团队异质性通过网络能力中介作用影响商业模式调适的机制。为此,本文提出了相关假设并通过层次回归分析对来自181家企业的问卷调查数据进行实证分析检验了这些假设。研究发现：高管团队异质性对商业模式调适具有显著的正向影响;中心能力与效率能力两类网络能力均对商业模式调适具有显著的正向影响;高管团队异质性能够分别通过中心能力与效率能力的中介作用影响商业模式调适。本文有助于丰富和发展商业模式调适、商业模式动态性以及高管团队与商业模式关系理论,也有助于企业实现商业模式对环境变化的适应性改变。 相似文献
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产业集聚效应的系统动力学建模与仿真 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
孙晓华 《科学学与科学技术管理》2008,29(4):71-76
从系统动力学视角提出产业集聚效应的基本分析框架,结合集聚效应形成的正反馈特征,分析了人才、技术和资金"流"的因果关系.建立产业集聚效应的系统流图和系统动力学模型,应用Vensim PLE对模型进行了仿真模拟,验证了模型的有效性与应用价值.结果表明,模型对产业集聚效应的实际演化过程具有较高的拟合程度,并能够为区域经济管理提供有效的决策支持. 相似文献