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要素集聚提升高新技术产业绩效的黑箱解构———基于经济高质量发展的门槛效应分析 《科学学研究》2021,39(11):1960-1969
本文剖析基于经济高质量发展的要素集聚对高新技术产业绩效的影响机制黑箱,构建门槛效应模型,收集2004-2018年我国30个省、直辖市、自治区高新技术产业的要素集聚、创新绩效和区域经济高质量发展的相关数据,测度并比较不同要素集聚效应大小。运用Arcgis软件对其进行空间可视化分析。研究发现：（1）要素集聚对高新技术产业绩效存在正向边际递减影响。（2）相对于研发人员,研发资金的集聚效应更大。（3）经济高质量发展水平正向调节创新要素集聚对高新技术产业绩效的提升作用,且其调节效应边际递增。（4）创新要素集聚及经济高质量发展高水平地区主要集中于东部沿海发达地区;研发资金集聚度低等水平地区较多。在此基础上,提出有效提升高新技术产业绩效的针对性建议。 相似文献
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基于长三角制造业企业调查问卷,分析企业创新网络机理,利用结构方程模型考察了网络能力与企业创新网络、创新绩效之间的关系,以及网络能力的形成和作用机制。研究表明,企业内部资源要素对网络能力、创新网络和创新绩效有正向影响,学习能力对网络能力、创新网络和创新绩效的影响不大;网络能力对资源内部要素、学习能力与创新网络的关系具有中介作用,企业内部资源要素和学习能力通过网络能力影响创新网络和创新绩效,资源内部要素和学习能力是网络能力形成的来源。 相似文献
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遵循针对性、系统性、客观性等原则,构建了高新技术产业创新要素集聚评价体系。基于熵值赋权综合评价法,利用2003-2017《中国高技术产业统计年鉴》数据,对我国30个省份的高新技术产业创新要素集聚进行了分析,并构建创新要素集聚发展路径。结果显示,我国高新技术产业创新要素集聚水平整体呈上升趋势,同时省份之间集聚水平存在明显差异;根据评价结果,提出了创新要素由分散发展到协同演进的发展路径,具体包括分散发展、数量扩张、质量提升和协同演进四个阶段,并归纳总结了各个阶段的发展动力和集聚特点。 相似文献
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阐述了产业集聚如何影响产业创新绩效的理论机制,探讨市场化进程和政府干预对产业集聚和产业创新绩效的调节效应.使用2011—2016年中国制造业省级数据来进行面板回归,结果印证了产业集聚程度与产业创新绩效的倒U型关系,并经研究发现:市场化进程对两者关系具有显著正向调节作用;政府干预对两者关系具有显著负向调节作用.这些发现具有重要政策含义:在产业集聚程度较低阶段,减少政府干预,充分发挥市场机制作用能较大程度地推动创新;当集聚过度而损害产业创新绩效时政府应积极干预,控制产业创新绩效降幅. 相似文献
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创新要素投入和政府参与是影响产业集聚区企业绩效的重要因素.现有研究聚焦于企业要素投入与政府自身的影响,而忽视了两者之间的互动关系.本文利用洛阳市15个产业集聚区调查问卷数据,实证检验了两者交互作用对企业绩效的影响.结果发现: 研发投入并没有显著提高企业绩效,而政府研发参与也没有发挥积极作用;人力资本投入与政府参与存在替代关系,两者交互作用对企业绩效有显著负向影响;融资资本投入与政府参与存在互补关系,两者交互作用对企业绩效有显著正向影响.结果表明,知识型要素投入的政府参与对集聚区企业绩效并没有显著提高,而资本型要素投入的政府参与能够显著提高企业绩效.研究结论有助于发现产业集聚区发展中存在的问题,为政府制定集聚区提质转型创新发展决策提供参考,也为企业管理者实施创新驱动战略提供新的启示. 相似文献
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以往多侧重于从企业层面出发研究动态能力与企业创新绩效的关系,少于基于个人层面研究两者间的关系,即高层管理团队中管理者个人特性形成的动态管理能力对企业创新绩效的作用,且相关中介要素也尚未明晰。基于动态能力观和商业模式理论,以新创高新技术企业高层管理团队作为调研对象,通过问卷调研深入分析了动态管理能力与企业创新绩效的关系,在此基础上发现了商业模式设计的中介作用。实证研究结果表明：动态管理能力对企业的创新绩效具有显著积极作用；商业模式设计对企业的创新绩效具有显著积极作用；动态管理能力可通过商业模式设计间接影响创新绩效,商业模式设计在动态管理能力与企业创新绩效间存在部分中介作用。 相似文献
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本文基于全国52个国家级高新技术开发区2001—2010年的数据,利用面板数据模型,考察国家级高新技术开发区的创新绩效,并比较2003年开发区清理前后的效果。实证研究表明,开发区建立初期,地方政府干预对开发区集群的绩效影响显著为正,而产业集中程度与区域创新产出负相关,说明地方政府对产业集群的干预在短期内确实对当地的创新有积极作用,但开发区本身缺乏产业集群机制,对当地创新产出并无正面影响;开发区清理后,产业集中程度与区域创新产出显著正相关,地方政府干预对开发区集群的绩效影响则不显著,说明经过整合,开发区的集聚水平日益提高,而政府的财政干预作用则逐步降低。本文的结论对于提高我国开发区创新绩效水平具有启示意义。 相似文献
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采用区位熵指标测算东莞整体制造业和20个主要制造行业的产业集聚程度,结果表明：东莞整体制造业具有产业集聚优势,集聚程度较高的4个战略性支柱产业集群：电子信息产业、装备制造产业、纺织服装鞋帽产业和食品饮料产业。并以产业区位熵值为核心解释变量,加入区域创新投入要素,建立多元回归模型,得出结论：东莞整体制造业和创新要素投入对经济增长呈现线性促进关系;分行业的区位熵对经济增长的影响各不相同,影响结果与产业区位熵趋势相关。提出东莞应加快推动传统制造业转型升级、大力推进先进制造业产业集群建设、加大创新要素投入、积极引进人才等建议。 相似文献
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收集了2014年长三角地区228个高新技术企业产学研合作的相关数据,运用结构方程模型验证了产学研合作要素、合作机制与合作绩效的关系,找准了提升产学研合作绩效的有效路径。发现:(1)"提高学研方科技成果转化率→选择合理的合作模式→提升合作绩效"是提升产学研合作绩效的关键路径;(2)产学研合作模式与合作行为对合作绩效均有显著正向影响;(3)内部要素中,企业吸收能力、学研方科技成果转化率对产学研合作模式、合作行均有显著正向影响;产学研合作程度对产学研合作模式有正向影响但不显著,对合作行为均显著正向影响;(4)外部要素的政府政策支持对产学研合作模式与合作行为均有显著正向影响。在此基础上,提出了提升我国高新技术企业产学研合作绩效的针对性建议。 相似文献
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Marjorie Armstrong-Stassen Margaret Landstrom Ramona Lumpkin 《The Information Society》1998,14(2):153-164
This study examined how students who had no prior experience with videoconferencing would react to the use of videoconferencing as an instructional medium. Students enrolled in seven different courses completed a questionnaire at the beginning of the semester and again at the end of the semester. Students at the origination and remote sites did not differ in their reactions toward videoconferencing but there was a significant difference for gender. Women reacted less favorably to videoconferencing. Compared to the beginning of the semester, students reported significantly less positive attitudes toward taking a course through videoconferencing at the end of the semester. There were no significant differences in students' attitudes toward videoconferencing across courses at the beginning of the semester but there were significant differences across the courses at the end of the semester. The results suggest the need for better preparation for both students and instructors. 相似文献
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A joint study by Prof. ZHANG Zhibin from the CAS Institute of Zoology his co-workers from Norway US Swiss have indicated that historical outbreaks of migratory locusts in China were associated with cold spells suggesting that China's projected climate warming could decrease the pest's numbers. The study was published in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences on September .…… 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):6-7
Ajoint study by Prof. ZHANG Zhibin from the CAS Institute of Zoology and his co-workers from Norway, US and Swiss have indicated that historical outbreaks of migratory locusts in China were associated with cold spells, suggesting that China＇s projected climate warming could decrease the pest＇s numbers. The study was published in Proceedings of theNational Academy of Sciences on 17 September, 2007. 相似文献
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Caroline Haythornthwaite 《The Information Society》2001,17(3):211-226
A computer-mediated group is a complex entity whose members exchange many types of information via multiple means of communication in pursuit of goals specific to their environment. Over time, they coordinate technical features of media with locally enacted use to achieve a viable working arrangement. To explore this complex interaction, a case study is presented of the social networks of interactions and media use among members of a class of computer-supported distance learners. Results show how group structures associated with project teams dominated who communicated with whom, about what, and via which media over the term, and how media came to occupy their own communication niches: Webboard for diffuse class-wide communication; Internet Relay Chat more to named others but still for general communication across the class; and e-mail primarily for intrateam communication. Face-to-face interaction, occurring only during a short on-campus session, appears to have had a catalytic effect on social and emotional exchanges. Results suggest the need to structure exchanges to balance class-wide sharing of ideas with subgroup interactions that facilitate project completion, and to provide media that support these two modes of interaction. 相似文献
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《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):2-3
CAS should stick to the principle of rendering service to, and giving impetus for, the development of China＇s science enterprise by making S＆T innovations, said CAS President LU Yongxiang. The CAS president made the remarks in a recent talk to communicate the gist of the winter session of the Party＇s Leading-member Group at CAS, which was held from 7 to 11 January in Beijing. 相似文献
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Electronic data interchange (EDI) provides means for interorganizational communication, creates network externalities, requires an advanced information technology (IT) infrastructure, and relies on standards. In the diffusion of such innovations, institutional involvement is imperative. Such institutions contain governmental agencies, national and global standardization organizations, local government, and nonprofit private organizations like industry associations. The last type of organizations we call intermediating institutions. They intermediate or coordinate ("inscribe") the activities of a group of would-be adopters. Unfortunately, little is known of how these organizations shape the EDI diffusion trajectory. In this article we examine one specific type of intermediating organizations?industry associations?and how they advanced the EDI diffusion process in the grocery sectors of Hong Kong, Denmark and Finland. We identify six institutional measures, placed into a matrix formed by the mode of involvement (influence vs. regulation) and the type of diffusion force (supply push vs. demand pull), that can be mobilized to further the EDI diffusion. Industry associations were found to be active users of all these measures to varying degrees. Their role was critical especially in knowledge building, knowledge deployment, and standard setting. Furthermore, institutional involvement varied due to policy and cultural contingencies and power dependencies. 相似文献
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《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1)
With great care, Dr. ZHOU Zhonghe takes out a package wrapped by cotton tissue from a drawer and says: "This is the gem of our collections: the fossil of a bird that lived 125 million years ago!" Then, pointing at a tiny mound, he explains: "Look, this is the claw and that is the head. It was in the egg shell and ready to hatch ... The species fell into a family of waterside inhabitants." 相似文献
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Puay Tang 《The Information Society》1998,14(1):19-31
The increasing prospects of digital piracy has prompted the perceived need by electronic publishers to adopt technical systems of protection, and governments to reform their copyright laws. This article is a preliminary study of the management of intellectual property by electronic publishers, defined as those involved in the production of online databases, and CD-ROMs. It focuses on three main issues: (1) how electronic publishers view the increasing threat of piracy; (2) the methods of protection employed to protect intellectual property in digital format; and (3) the importance of technological protection of intellectual property in electronic publications. The analysis is based on a sample of 23 UK electronic publishers. The interviews revealed an interesting assortment of protection methods and did not show that technological protection was a preferred way. Instead, the means of protection, in addition to copyright law, comprised niche markets, pricing, trust, bad publicity, and nontechnical and technical means. 相似文献
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Milton Mueller 《The Information Society》2001,17(3):151-163
Long-standing conflict between domain name registrants and trademark holders prompted the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN) to create a global, mandatory arbitration procedure known as the Uniform Dispute Resolution Policy (UDRP). The UDRP has been used in 2166 cases involving 3938 domain names as of 1 November 2000. The policy gives the initiator of a complaint, generally a trademark holder, the right to choose which ICANN-accredited dispute resolution service provider (RSP) will handle the case. During the preparation of the UDRP,some feared that complainant selection would lead to "forum shopping" that might bias the results. This article performs a statistical assessment of the forum-shopping thesis and finds support for it. There are statistically significant differences in the various RSPs' propensity to take away names from defendants; there are also major differences in the number of cases brought to each RSP. RSPs who take away names have the larger share of cases. The study examines other variables that might explain differences in market share, such as price, the plaintiff's nationality, or the time taken to decide a case. It finds that nationality and time also are correlated with market share. The study concludes that shopping for a favorable outcome is an important factor in the UDRP. 相似文献
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Prof. Raymond C.K. Chen a neuropsychologist with the CAS Institute of Psychology has made novel progress in his studies of schizophrenia. His work has been reported by a recent issue of Behavioural Neurology.…… 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):15-15
Prof. Raymond C.K. Chen, a neuropsychologist with the CAS Institute of Psychology, has made novel progress in his studies of schizophrenia. His work has been reported by a recent issue of Behavioural Neurology. 相似文献
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Leah A. Lievrouw 《The Information Society》1998,14(2):83-96
The main premise of this article is that in information societies generally, and in virtual social contexts particularly, a distinctive style of interaction to facilitate the communication of difference, heterotopic communication , has emerged. It rests on two cultural foundations: an ideological belief in the positive, socially integrating power of communication, and a prevailing ethic of instrumental rationality, subjective individualism, and strategically practiced self-interest. The former is demonstrated by the use of simulation and spectacle as sources of information; exhibitionism/voyeurism as a communicative style; and the awareness of surveillance. The latter is seen in the competitive use of knowledge as a commodity; a surface globalism masking deep parochialism; lateral as well as vertical information inequity; and the use of public versus private as strategies for engagement rather than as spaces. Those who engage in heterotopic communication resort to their 'own devices' both in the sense of personal agendas, strategies, interests, and interpretations, and in the form of the telecommunication tools that help realize them. These personal and technological devices allow individuals with the right educational and technical resources to avoid exposure to disagreement, difference, or other information that does not serve their direct purposes or reflect their particular views of the world; yet they also help convey the appearance of openness, availability, and cooperation. This style of interaction is used strategically in combination with information and communication technologies to gain social or economic advantages, but it may encourage social separatism and parochialism, inhibit the negotiation of disputes, and emphasize competing interests. 相似文献