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1.
This study was aimed to investigate the relationship between breakfast and serum glucose, insulin and glucagon concentrations in order to establish a model breakfast appropriate for Chinese. Twenty-four volunteers were randomly assigned to four study groups: high carbohydrate breakfast, high fat and protein breakfast, the typical breakfast and fasting. Each subject had serum and urine samples collected while fasting and at 1,2 and 3.5 hours following the meal. The concentration of serum glucose, insulin and glucagon was measured. The levels of serum glucose in group A,B and C differed significantly at 1 and 2 hour after meal compared to those at fasting (P<0.05). The serum glucose in group A increased insignificantly after meal. The serum insulin levels were in group A,B and C significant different compared with control group(P<0.05).Those peaked at 1 hour after meal ,with group C rising the furthest. Compared with the fasting group, the serum glucagons rose and maintained the increase after breakfast in group A,B and C (P<0.05).The data suggested that various diets with different calorigenic amounts increased hormone concentration to various extents. We found that a breakfast rich in carbohydrates could maintain proper blood glucose level. 相似文献
2.
研究小鼠禁食不同时间及注射胰岛素导致小鼠休克时血糖的变化,并观察酸性生理盐水稀释胰岛素对低血糖休克出现时间及血糖值有无影响.结果表明,小鼠分别禁食12﹑18﹑22﹑24h时的血糖值之间无明显差异（P〉0.05）,在各组小鼠注射胰岛素后,血糖均明显下降（P〈0.05）,但各组下降后的血糖值之间无明显差异（P〉0.05）;不同剂量的胰岛素或是否用酸性生理盐水稀释胰岛素,注射后出现休克的时间及休克时各组小鼠血糖值之间无明显差异（P〉0.05）. 相似文献
3.
目的：观察诺和锐30特充对2型糖尿病患者血浆C-反应蛋白的影响。方法：选择80例2型糖尿病病人,随机分为诺和锐治疗组及诺和灵30R治疗组,诺和锐为餐前即刻皮下注射,诺和灵30R为餐前30min皮下注射,观察两组病人治疗前后餐前、餐后血糖及血浆C-反应蛋白（C-reactive protein,CRP）情况。结果：诺和锐治疗组餐后血糖水平低于诺和灵30R组（P〈0.01）,诺和锐治疗组治疗后C反应蛋白水平明显低于诺和灵30R治疗组（P〈0.01）。结论：对于2型糖尿病患者,诺和锐疗效优于诺和灵30R,而且可以显著降低血浆CRP的水平。 相似文献
4.
梅晓霞 《金华职业技术学院学报》2012,12(3):87-89
目的：观察个体化饮食干预疗法对妊娠期糖尿病（GDM）的治疗作用;方法：将确诊为GDM的50例孕妇随机分为观察组及对照组,观察两组治疗前后的血糖水平及胰岛素用量等的变化;结果：出院时观察组空腹血糖（FPG）、餐后2小时血糖（p2hBG）、血糖迭标时每日胰岛素总量及住院期阍出现低血糖次数较对照组均有明显下降（P〈0．05）;结论：个体化饮食干预治疗对GDM患者血糖有较好的控制效果。 相似文献
5.
Neil Morris Peter Sarll 《Educational research; a review for teachers and all concerned with progress in education》2013,55(2):201-207
Low blood sugar level resulting from fasting has been shown to reduce performance on a number of cognitive tasks. In this study, 80 non-diabetic A-level students missed breakfast. They completed a version of Daneman and Carpenter's Listening Span Test at 9.00 a.m. Half were then given a drink containing glucose, while the other half received a saccharine drink matched for taste. After 20 minutes, both groups completed another form of the Listening Span Test. A subset of the sample had their blood glucose levels determined immediately before the drink and again before the second application of the test. Blood glucose levels did not change, but listening span performance significantly improved after a glucose drink yet not after a saccharine drink. It is concluded that missing breakfast does not seriously affect blood sugar levels in healthy young students, but listening span performance which is a good predictor of listening comprehension is improved when fasting individuals imbibe a glucose-rich drink, although not when a saccharine drink is drunk. Ideally students should eat breakfast, but if this is omitted, then a glucose snack or drink before the first class may reverse any adverse effects. 相似文献
6.
Research on the protection effect of pioglitazone for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease （NAFLD） in rats 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
Objective： The prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease （NAFLD） has markedly increased. Insulin resistance has been implicated in the pathogenesis of NAFLD. This study was aimed at observing the relationship between insulin resistance and NAFLD, and evaluating the role of pioglitazone （PGZ） acting as insulin-sensitizing agents in the prevention and treatment of rat fatty liver induced by high fat feeding. Methods： The rats were separated randomly into 6 groups： model group Ⅰ were fed high fat diet for 8 weeks, PGZ prevention group were given PGZ 4 mg/（kg.d） simultaneously, while control group Ⅰ were fed normal food for 8 weeks; model group Ⅱ were fed high fat diet for 16 weeks, PGZ treatment group were given PGZ 4 mg/（kg.d） orally simultaneous with high fat diet for 8 weeks after high fat feeding for 8 weeks, control group Ⅱ were fed normal food for 16 weeks. The rats were sacrificed after 8 weeks and 16 weeks respectively. Liver weight, body weight, serum activities of alanine aminotransferase （ALT）, aspartate aminotransferase （AST）, alkaline phosphatase （ALP）, tumor necrosis factor alpha （TNF-α）, fasting blood glucose （FBG）, fasting plasma insulin （FINS）, HOMA （homeostasis model assessment） insulin resistance index （HOMA-IR）, and the liver histology of rats of all groups were assayed. Results： After 8 weeks, the liver in model group Ⅰ showed typical steatosis, accompanied with mild to moderate lobular inflammatory cell infiltration, liver indexes and serum levels of ALT, AST, ALP, TNF-α were significantly increased （P〈0.05） compared with control group Ⅰ. Whereas, the degree of hepatic injury was attenuated in PGZ prevention group, liver indexes and serum levels of ALT, ALP were significantly decreased （P〈0.05） compared with model group Ⅰ. After 16 weeks, notable steatosis, and lobular inflammation were observed in model group Ⅱ rat liver, while the degree of hepatic injury was attenuated in the PGZ treatment group. Liver index, serum levels ofALT, AST, ALP, FINS and HOMA-IR were significantly increased （P〈0.05） in model group Ⅱ compared with control group Ⅱ. Whereas, in PGZ treatment group, serum levels of AST and FINS showed decreasing tendency, liver indexes, serum levels of ALT, ALP, TNF-α and HOMA-IR were significantly decreased compared with model group Ⅱ. Conclusion： Insulin resistance plays a role in the pathogenesis of NAFLD in rats. Pioglitazone can attenuate insulin resistance and biochemical and histological injury in high fat-induced fatty liver in rats. 相似文献
7.
探讨运动对糖耐量减低（IGT）患者血清抵抗素、脂联素和胰岛素敏感性的影响．56名中老年IGT患者随机分为3组：对照组（18例）、健步走组（19例）、健步走＋抗阻力组（19例）,健步走组采取24周健步走运动处方锻炼．健步走＋抗阻力组采取健步走和抗阻力运动相结合的运动处方锻炼,运动干预前后采用放射免疫法测定血清胰岛素、抵抗素、血清脂联素。计算胰岛素抵抗指数（HOMA-IR）．健步走组、健步走＋抗阻力组的抵抗素、脂联素和HOMA-IR与对照组相比均有极其显著性差异（P〈0．01）;健步走组与健步走＋抗阻力组的抵抗素和HOMA-IR与健步走组相比无显著性差异（P〉0．05）,脂联素比较有极其显著性差异（P〈0．01）．运动可改善IGT患者的代谢水平．健步走＋抗阻力运动对脂联素的影响较单纯健步走更为明显． 相似文献
8.
朱海燕 《泰州职业技术学院学报》2010,10(3):29-30,59
目的观察慢性充血性心力衰竭（CHF）患者的血胰岛素和糖代谢变化,并探讨依那普利对CHF患者胰岛素敏感性的影响。方法CHF患者69例,依那普利（n=37）（第一周10mg,1次／d,后三周20mg,1次／d）和地高辛（n=32）（第一周0．25mg,1次／d,后三周0．125mg,1次／d）,治疗前和治疗4周后检测空腹血糖（FPG）、空腹血清胰岛素（FINS）和空腹血清C肽（CP）水平,并计算出FPG／FINS比值、胰岛素敏感性指数IAI值[IAI=－ln（FPG×FINS）]作为机体胰岛素敏感性评价指标,分别比较两组患者治疗前后的胰岛素敏感性变化。结果治疗4周后,依那普利组CHF患者的胰岛素敏感性显著增加,而地高辛组患者胰岛素敏感性无显著变化。结论依那普利有改善CHF患者IR的作用。 相似文献
9.
GM1 stabilizes expression of NMDA receptor subunit 1 in the ischemic hemisphere of MCAo／reperfusion rat 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
Liu JR Ding MP Wei EQ Luo JH Song Y Huang JZ Ge QF Hu H Zhu LJ 《Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B》2005,6(4):254-258
INTRODUCTION GM1 ganglioside (GM1) is the main kind ofgangliosides in mammalia, and most abundant inbrain tissue (Duchemin et al., 2002). It was reportedthat GM1 could protect cerebral ischemia in vivo andin vitro, one protective mechanism of which is thatGM1 could reduce neural injury induced by toxicityof excitatory amino acid via N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) (Kharlamov et al., 1993; Simon et al., 1993; Garofalo and Cue… 相似文献
10.
陈洁 《武汉职业技术学院学报》2014,(5):96-98
目的:观察姜黄素对胰岛素抵抗(IR)大鼠糖脂代谢及血清脂肪细胞因子的影响,探讨姜黄素干预IR的作用机制。方法:采用高脂饲料喂养,建立IR大鼠模型。将IR大鼠随机分为3组:模型组、吡咯列酮组和姜黄素组。给药4周后测定空腹血糖、胰岛素、血脂、TN F-α、Leptin等指标。结果:模型组大鼠血清FIN S、TC、TG和LDL水平均较空白组显著升高,而ISI及HDL水平显著下降;血清TN F-α、Leptin及FFA水平也较空白组明显升高;用姜黄素干预后,大鼠ISI较模型组显著升高,血脂得到改善,FINS、TNF-α、Leptin及FFA水平均显著下降。结论:姜黄素可改善IR大鼠糖脂代谢紊乱,增加胰岛素的敏感性,其机制可能与其调节脂肪细胞因子TNF-α、Leptin的分泌有关。 相似文献
11.
This paper examines the impact of the implementation of a universal free school breakfast policy on meals program participation, attendance, and academic achievement. In 2003, New York City made school breakfast free for all students regardless of income, while increasing the price of lunch for those ineligible for meal subsidies. Using a difference-in-difference estimation strategy, we derive plausibly causal estimates of the policy's impact by exploiting within and between group variation in school meal pricing before and after the policy change. Our estimates suggest that the policy resulted in small increases in breakfast participation both for students who experienced a decrease in the price of breakfast and for free-lunch eligible students who experienced no price change. The latter suggests that universal provision may alter behavior through mechanisms other than price, highlighting the potential merits of universal provision over targeted services. We find limited evidence of policy impacts on academic outcomes. 相似文献
12.
13.
INTRODUCTION In recent years, thermo-ablation of liver cancerhas received increasing attention. Generally this canbe achieved by radiofrequency (RF) or Nd:YAG laser(Tanabe et al., 2004; Nikfarjam and Christophi, 2003;Erce and Parks, 2003). Of great importance to themethod’s success is the size of the induced coagula-tion necrosis; the lesion size largely depends on thetemperature distribution in the target volume, whichis determined partly by the blood perfusion in thetarget or… 相似文献
14.
目的观察布托啡诺复合丙泊酚麻醉在无痛人工流产手术中的应用。方法选择60例无痛人工流产手术的患者随机分为三组,布托啡诺＋丙泊酚组（A组）、舒芬太尼＋丙泊酚组（B组）、单纯丙泊酚组（C组）,每组20例。观察记录各组术前、术中、术后3min的SBP、DBP、HR、Sp02,同时记录苏醒时间及丙泊酚用量。结果与术前比较,三组患者术中SBP、DBP下降、HR．减慢（P〈0．05）,与C组比较,A、B组患者术后3minSBP、DBP下降、HR减慢明显（P〈0．05）,且A组与B组比较,各时间点的SBP、DBP、HR的差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。A组的唤醒时间短于B、C组（P〈0．05）,丙泊酚用量A、B组明显少于C组（P〈0．05）。结论布托啡诺复合丙泊酚应用于无痛人工流产手术麻醉,可明显减少丙泊酚的用量,麻醉效果确切,术毕苏醒迅速而安全。 相似文献
15.
Objective： To observe the value of HbA1c level evaluating the total daily basal insulin dose by continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion （CSII） in 268 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, Methods： 5-point capillary blood glucose was monitored in pre- and post-CSII and the insulin dose which could stabilize blood glucose was defined as the total daily dose of insulin, including basal and bolus total dose. Correlation between HbA1c level and total daily dose of insulin in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus was analyzed. Correlation between HbA1c level and 5-point capillary blood glucose was also analyzed. Results： Obvious correlation was observed between HbA1c level and the basal total daily dose of insulin if HbA1c was more than 9.3% （r=0.635, P〈0.05）. The average of 5-point capillary blood glucose was best correlated with HbA1c and fasting blood glucose next best. Conclusion： HbA1c level can forecast basal total daily dose of insulin in CSII. 相似文献
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通过对长沙市2095名小学生进行问卷调查,发现长沙市小学生存在对早餐认识不到位,早餐行为现状令人堪忧,学校早餐营养健康知识教育欠缺等问题。针对这些问题,我们可采取加强小学生早餐营养健康知识教育,培养良好的饮食行为习惯,促进健康饮食;提倡课间加餐,缓解课间饥饿;适当推迟上学时间,预留就餐时间;实施“校园早餐计划”等措施。 相似文献
17.
观察血清基质金属蛋白酶-9（MMP-9）及血管内皮生长因子（VEGF）在实验性新西兰白兔蛛网膜下腔出血后的浓度变化,探讨它们与脑血管痉挛发生、发展及转归过程的关系,为临床诊断及治疗提供理论依据。实验结果表明血清MMP-9及VEGF的浓度变化可以作为预测蛛网膜下腔出血后脑血管痉挛的发作、判断其发展及预后的参考指标之一,为临床诊断与治疗提供依据。MMP-9及VEGF参与了蛛网膜下腔出血后的病理生理过程,与迟发性脑血管痉挛的发病机制有密切关系。 相似文献
18.
Xiao-fen He Jun-jun Wei Sheng-yun Shou Jian-qiao Fang Yong-liang Jiang 《Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B》2017,18(3):239-248
Objective
To investigate the analgesic effects of electroacupuncture (EA) at 2 and 100 Hz on type 2 diabetic neuropathic pain (DNP) and on the expressions of the P2X3 receptor and calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) in the dorsal root ganglion (DRG).Methods
Rat type 2 DNP was induced by a high calorie and high sugar diet fed for 7 weeks, plus a single intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (STZ) after 5 weeks. EA at 2 and 100 Hz was carried out once every day after 7 weeks for 7 consecutive days. Body weight, serum fasting insulin (FINS), fasting blood glucose (FBG), insulin sensitivity index (ISI), and paw withdrawal latency (PWL) were measured. The expressions of L4–L6 DRG P2X3 receptors and CGRP were assessed by immunofluorescence.Results
Type 2 DNP was successfully induced as shown by the increased body weight, FINS, and FBG, as well as the reduced ISI and PWL. Expressions of P2X3 receptors and CGRP in L4–L6 DRGs increased. EA at both 2 and 100 Hz relieved type 2 DNP, but the analgesic effect of EA was stronger at 2 Hz. P2X3 receptor expression decreased in L4–L6 DRGs following EA at 2 Hz and in L5 and L6 DRGs following EA at 100 Hz. EA at both 2 and 100 Hz down-regulated CGRP overexpression in L4–L6 DRGs.Conclusions
These findings indicate that EA at 2 Hz is a good option for the management of type 2 DNP. The EA effect may be related to its down-regulation of the overexpressions of the DRG P2X3 receptors and CGRP in this condition.19.
目的:观察脂肪肝大鼠在生化、病理、脂肪代谢、细胞因子、胰岛素及瘦素各方面指标的变化.方法:雄性Wistar大鼠22只,按体重层次随机分为2组,对照组(A)11只,脂肪肝组(B)11只.对照组饲以普通鼠饲料,脂肪肝组饲以高脂饲料.8周后,全部处死,取血及肝组织,测定血中AIT、AST、TG、CHO、INS、FBS、FFA、Ieptin、II-6、TNF.肝组织匀浆测定肝组织TC,TG,SOD、MDA,观察肝脏组织学变化.结果:脂肪肝大鼠存在明显脂肪代谢紊乱,肝功能异常,胰岛素抵抗及瘦素表达增高;细胞因子升高.结论:实验性高脂饮食脂肪肝大鼠存在瘦素抵抗及胰岛素抵抗. 相似文献
20.
Objective: To explore the characteristics of NF-κB activation in the progress of pancreatitis, the relationship with expression of TNF-α in the inflammatory reaction, and prevent the exacerbation of pancreatitis by using NAC. Method: Forty-eight rats were divided into three groups: therapy (group C), pancreatitis (group B) and control (group A). NAC served as the inhibitor of NF-κB activation. In the time intervals of 1.5, 3.0, 6.0, 12.0 hour, NF-κB activation was detected with flow cytometry (FCM) and the expression of TNF-α mRNA and protein with in situ hybridization (ISH) and enzyme-linked immuno-sorbent assay (ELISA) respectively. Meanwhile, the level of lipase and amylase in the serum was assayed and the pathological change was evaluated. Result: NF-κB activation in the pancreatitis group was higher than that in the control group (P<0.01), peaked at 3 hours, and was depressed by the inhibitor of NF-κB, NAC. The expression of TNF-α as well as the level of lipase and amylase in the serum also rose synchronously with activation of NF-κB. In contrast to group A, it was significantly different (P<0.01) in group B. After using NAC in group C, all of these values were decreased and the inflammatory reaction in the pancreas abated evidently. The pathology changes of the pancreas were shown to be alleviated in group C. Conclusion: First, NF-κB activity is intensively initiated in the course of pancreatitis and shown to have closely relationship with the release of cytokines. Second, use of NAC markedly depressed NF-κB activation. TNF-α expression is down regulated by cytokines. It is suggested that NAC probably acts as a useful agent for treatment of pancreatitis by indirectly inhibiting activation of NF-κB. 相似文献