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1.
This paper considers the relationship between stress and cognitive functioning and discusses some of the concepts and methods that may be adopted to examine the relationship between stress and sports performance. It considers only that literature that may be relevant to, or furthers, the understanding of sports performance under competitive stress. One of the most popular approaches has been to explain the relationship in terms of the unidimensional inverted‐U hypothesis. The validity of this approach to explaining sports performances in specific situations is discussed and it is generally concluded that the inverted‐U hypothesis is too vague and simplistic. The discussion considers multidimensional approaches and discusses the suitability and implications of some more recent and more complex models of stress and performance which are now available in the psychological literature. It is concluded that the relationship between stress and sports performance is an extremely complex one and involves the interaction between the nature of the stressor, the cognitive demands of the task being performed and the psychological characteristics of the individuals performing it. 相似文献
2.
我国冰雪运动社会化功能分析 总被引：8，自引：8，他引：0
冰雪运动的社会化刺激了社会经济的发展,社会经济的不断发展又推动了冰雪运动的社会化、商品化、市场化及产业化。从社会学的视角对冰雪运动社会化功能的特性、内容进行分析,提出了冰雪运动重要功能是促进人的身心和谐发展,指出冰雪运动项目在社会上进一步发展的潜力空间,探讨了冰雪运动社会化功能的开发途径。 相似文献
3.
体育科技论文参考文献的作用和引用方法 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
参考文献是体育科技论文有机的、重要的组成部分。从学术说明功能、学术论证功能、学术评价功能和学术规范功能方面论述了参考文献的学术价值;从学术交流角度阐明了参考文献的信息价值;从促进期刊学术质量提高的角度阐明了参考文献的情报价值。认为引用参考文献是体育科技论文应遵守的极其重要的基本规范,重视和掌握引用方法是充分发挥参考文献重要作用的有效途径。阐述了引用原则、方式和主要类型,以及规范化著录的重要性和方法。 相似文献
4.
尽管受伤的心理应激研究仍然处于初始阶段。通过对受伤后的情绪反应,自尊以及运动员康复中情绪烦扰的效应的相关文献回顾,反映该领域研究的进展,同时也讨论在快速康复运动员中使用的PST干预策略。 相似文献
5.
Damian Farrow Machar Reid Tim Buszard Stephanie Kovalchik 《International review of sport and exercise psychology》2018,11(1):238-257
This review poses three key issues that will progress our understanding of the sport expertise literature and its translational scientific impact. Primarily relying on research conducted in interceptive sport tasks, and to a lesser extent team sports, we review the perceptual-cognitive skills of sports experts and explore the challenge of designing a sufficiently representative task to examine expertise. We focus on the methodological challenges presented by the reciprocal relationship between players’ action capabilities and their perceptual-cognitive skill. Second, we consider the need for a paradigm shift in the experimental approach used when examining the development of sport expertise. In short, a shift from traditional expert-novice designs to more prospective longitudinal designs that cross-sectionally track the development of expertise is discussed. The final issue considers how the volume of in situ data now collected provides a rich source of information that sport expertise researchers have only begun to consider and integrate with more traditional sport psychology research. We demonstrate how statistical approaches that have described the likely trajectories of expert performers on their journey toward expertise coupled with more traditional qualitative experimental approaches can provide useful insights into the development of psychological performance skills and more broadly sport expertise. 相似文献
6.
本文使用文献资料法、综述法、比较法、逻辑分析法等科研方法,针对瑜伽对心理和生理功能的作用和运动员的运动性疲劳两方面进行综述对照研究,探究得出:将瑜伽放松练习运用于田径运动员运动性疲劳恢复中的意义,并且提出将瑜伽练习运用于田径运动员的运动性疲劳恢复训练当中。 相似文献
7.
关于体育教学中认知策略与目标定向关系训练的实验研究 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
采用问卷调查、教学实验等方法 ,探讨了体育教学中认知策略与目标定向关系 ,以及在武术课堂教学条件下策略训练对专业学生运动成绩的影响。结果表明 ,认知策略与目标定向存在相互依存的关系 ,但性别差异不大 ;策略训练有助于运动成绩的提高 ,特别是深加工策略训练对运动成绩和运动效果的提高具有明显的作用 ,且倾向于任务定向方式。 相似文献
8.
Ismael Pedraza-Ramirez Lisa Musculus Markus Raab Sylvain Laborde 《International review of sport and exercise psychology》2020,13(1):319-352
ABSTRACT Competitive gaming, better known as electronic sports (esports), is rapidly growing in popularity. We systematically reviewed the available literature regarding the psychological aspects of esports using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Protocols (PRISMA-P) evidence-based reporting checklist and a Population, Intervention, Comparator, and Outcomes (PICO) framework with the following inclusion criteria: (i) published between 1994 and 2018; (ii) empirical investigation (as the current state of research is dense with positions and opinions but has few empirical investigations); and (iii) focussed on esports games that are associated with either cognitive performance or game performance. The goal of our research was twofold: to present a summary of the empirical evidence addressing the psychological characteristics of both cognitive and game performance in esports, and to integrate esports in the field of sport psychology. More specifically, our goals were to highlight the interplay of psychological aspects of performance and esports and to clearly define the theoretical foundations of the psychological aspects of esports performance. Underlining the differences from video gaming will inform future research directions and stimulate the development of high-quality practice in the applied field of sports and exercise psychology. 相似文献
9.
运用文献资料、专家访谈、实地走访等方法,以乡村振兴战略为背景,分析乡村振兴与体育发展之间的关系,提出新时期我国农村体育发展的路径。研究认为:实施乡村振兴战略可以加快农村体育现代化进程、实现城乡一体化布局、优化农村产业结构、促进农村乡风建设。建议:在乡村振兴战略下,以20字总要求为指导,农村体育应走产业化发展路径、低碳环保发展路径、文体融合发展路径、公共服务治理发展路径、强身健体发展路径。 相似文献
10.
运用运动智能训练学相关知识,采用理论分析方法,结合短道速滑实际情况,简要分析短道速滑运动员观察力训练在竞技体育领域里的重要意义。研究专项训练与运动观察能力的相互关系,同时总结归纳出视野训练、环视能力训练、视觉定位训练和视觉反应训练等方法和手段,并提出训练观察力时应加强心理学相关知识的学习、制定合理计划和加强与运动员训练后的沟通,及时总结等注意的问题,为短道速滑教练员培养运动员观察能力提供依据。 相似文献
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运用<运动心理咨询师工作状况问卷>对20名运动心理咨询工作者和62名国家队运动员进行了调查,并结合对国内<运动心理咨询师认证标准>、<国家职业资格统一考核方案(心理咨询师)>及20份运动员心理咨询方案(任务书)等进行分析,提出了研究假设,即运动心理咨询师的工作绩效结构分为任务绩效、人际绩效、个人特质绩效、适应绩效、学习绩效和能力绩效6个维度;基于理论基础和实践依据前提下编制的[运动心理咨询师工作绩效量表]信、效度指标良好,通过实证研究能够验证理论构想.通过国内的14名专家进行了德尔菲研究.同时,编制了[运动心理咨询师绩效量表],并进行了检验. 相似文献
13.
运动员的视觉运动追踪能力是众多运动项目获得优异比赛成绩的关键因素,也是近些年运动心理学研究的重要问题。运用文献综述法对国内外关于视觉运动追踪的基本理论、研究范式及其在体育运动中的应用进行剖析,总结以往研究所取得的成果和存在的不足,探讨视觉运动追踪研究对体育运动成绩的影响与启示,为后续相关研究提供一定的思路与方法借鉴,为运动员心理选材及心理技能训练方法与策略提供理论参考和实证依据。 相似文献
14.
Maamer Slimani Nicola Luigi Bragazzi David Tod Alexandre Dellal Olivier Hue Foued Cheour 《Journal of sports sciences》2016,34(24):2338-2349
ABSTRACTSoccer players are required to have well-developed physical, technical and cognitive abilities. The present systematic review, adhering to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analysis guidelines, examined the effects of cognitive training strategies on motor and positive psychological skills development in soccer performance and identified the potential moderators of the “cognitive training–soccer performance” relationship. Thirteen databases were systematically searched using keywords related to psychological or cognitive training in soccer players. The review is based on 18 studies, employing 584 soccer players aged 7–39 years. Cognitive strategies, particularly imagery, appear to improve sports performance in soccer players. Regarding imagery, the combination of two different types of cognitive imagery training (i.e., cognitive general and cognitive specific) has a positive influence on soccer performance during training, whereas motivational imagery (i.e., motivational general-arousal, motivational general-mastery and motivational specific) enhance competition performance. Younger soccer players employ cognitive general and cognitive specific imagery techniques to a greater extent than older soccer players. Combined cognitive training strategies were more beneficial than a single cognitive strategy relative to motor skills enhancement in elite (particularly midfielders) and amateur (i.e., when practising complex and specific soccer skills in precompetitive period) soccer players. In conclusion, it appears that there are differences in cognitive/psychological training interventions, and their efficacy, according to whether they are directed towards training or competition, and the age, standard and playing position of the players. 相似文献
15.
It is common knowledge that physical activity leads to numerous health and psychological benefits. However; the relationship between children's physical activity and academic achievement has been debated in the literature. Some studies have found strong, positive relationships between physical activity and cognitive outcomes, while other studies have reported small, negative associations. This study was a comprehensive, quantitative synthesis of the literature, using a total of 59 studies from 1947 to 2009 for analysis. Results indicated a significant and positive effect of physical activity on children's achievement and cognitive outcomes, with aerobic exercise having the greatest effect. A number of moderator variables were also found to play a significant role in this relationship. Findings are discussed in light of improving children's academic performance and changing school-based policy. 相似文献
16.
目的:探讨中等负荷运动训练对心理应激大鼠淋巴细胞凋亡氧化应激的机制。方法:健康的雄性SD大鼠32只,随机分为4组,每组8只,即对照组、心理应激组、运动组和运动 心理应激组。实验后测定各组大鼠开场行为、外周血中氧自由基MDA浓度、SOD活性、淋巴细胞凋亡及其相关调控基因表达的变化情况。结果:3周的噪音刺激所引发的心理应激可对大鼠的开场行为产生显著的影响,同时可诱发大鼠体内产生大量的氧自由基,也导致大鼠外周血淋巴细胞凋亡显著增加,且其发生与相关调控基因的表达一致;10周的中等负荷的运动训练可降低大鼠体内自由基MDA的浓度,提高SOD的活性,也可以抑制大鼠外周血淋巴细胞的凋亡,且其发生与相关调控基因的表达一致;中等负荷运动训练可拮抗心理应激诱发的大鼠淋巴细胞凋亡,且其发生与相关基因表达的变化一致。结论:中等负荷运动训练拮抗心理应激导致的大鼠淋巴细胞凋亡的机制可能是,中等负荷的运动训练通过降低心理应激对机体造成氧化应激损伤的反应强度,影响相关凋亡调控基因表达,从而降低大鼠淋巴细胞的凋亡。 相似文献
17.
通过对体育运动员的心理能量的界定,剖析了心理能量、紧张与运动成绩的关系;强调了最佳心理能量对取得优异成绩的重要作用;揭示了心理能量的可控性,是激发人体的生理能量,充分发挥运动中技战术水平的可靠保证,是促进运动水平提高的关键。 相似文献
18.
在民族文化日益国际化发展的今天,将武术推向世界,促进武术这一文化形态和世界文化的融合是历史交给世人的任务。然而中华武术的国际化进程已经在探索中开展了几十年,结果却不容乐观。同样是东方搏击文化象征的跆拳道近年来在世界范围内开展的红红火火,如日中天,其传播的方式方法及过程都有很多值得国人借鉴的地方。文章通过对武术和跆拳道的某些方面进行了对比研究,望能抛砖引玉,对武术的国际化发展奉献一己之力。 相似文献
19.
从流行病学视角就运动伤害研究的几个问题进行了深入分析,主要包括:运动伤害的界定、运动伤害与伤害流行病学相互关系及潜在交叉学科形成的可能、运动伤害领域的流行病学研究现状及国内外比较、数学模型在运动伤害研究中的应用、从运动伤害预防到运动安全促进的理念及具体操作框架等。针对运动伤害防范需求,提出应该基于流行病学调查的结果,运用相关学科的知识,参照运动伤害所涉及的各个层面,提出综合全面有效的防范措施,促进体育运动的安全进行。 相似文献
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分析冰球运动员在训练和比赛中运动焦虑产生的原因,及运动焦虑对运动员比赛行为的影响。认为提高冰球运动员文化素质,改善运动员的认知结构和思维方式,适宜的赛前放松训练、生物反馈训练和调节抱负水平,比赛时教练员鼓励的语言,领导积极的唤醒方式,是调控运动员比赛焦虑的有效措施。 相似文献